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Susan B. Anthony
A famous activist who was an abolitionist, educational reformer, labor activist, temperance worker, suffragist, and women's rights campaigner. She gave speeches at many events, rallies, protests, etc. She is most famous for fighting for women's rights, starting in 1853 in NY.
Source: http://susanbanthonyhouse.org/her-story/biography.php -
Nativism
Protecting the interest of the native people of a country against the ones of immigrants. Nativism was important in the passing of the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882, which banned immigration from China to the US.
Source: https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-ushistory/chapter/the-rise-of-immigration/ -
Settlement House
Neighborhood based organizations that provide services and activities to the people of the community. Services included job training and employment programs, early childhood education, after-school youth programs, arts education and performances, and more. Most famous settlement house is Jane Addams' Hull House but the 1st one in the US was built in 1886.
Source: http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/1135.html -
Jane Addams
Called the "Mother of Social Work". She was a pioneer social worker, feminist, and advocator for rights and world peace. She started the Hull House (1899) in Chicago and won the Nobel Peace Prize.
Source: https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1931/addams/biographical/ -
Ida B. Wells
She was an African-American journalist and activist. She fought for African-American rights and women's rights. Wrote about many injustices in society. In the 1890s, she led an anti-lynching campaign in the US. Also a founding member of the NAACW and NAACP.
Source: https://www.biography.com/people/ida-b-wells-9527635 -
William Jennings Bryan
A populist who served in the House of Representatives from 1890-1895. Campaigned for free coinage of silver, a national income tax, and direct election of Senators. Lost the 1896 Presidential Election to President William McKinley. He also ran for President in 1900 and 1908, and served as President Woodrow Wilson's Secretary of State in 1912
Source: https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/bryan-william-jennings -
Andrew Carnegie
He was a steel tycoon who was one of the richest businessmen of the 19th century. Owned the Carnegie Steel Company (founded in 1892), the biggest steel company in the world. His business helped to fuel the economy and shape the nation into what it is today.
Source: https://www.biography.com/people/andrew-carnegie-9238756 -
Robber Barons (Captains of Industry)
A person who became incredibly rich through ruthless or shady business practices. Gained their fortune at the expense of their workers. Well known "Robber Barons" include John Jacob Astor, Andrew Carnegie, John D. Rockefeller, and J.P. Morgan.
Source: https://www.businessinsider.com/robber-barons-who-built-and-ruled-america-2017-7#cornelius-vanderbilt-dominated-the-steamship-business-in-long-island-sound-and-built-an-empire-of-railroads-around-new-york-city-2 -
Clarence Darrow
A lawyer and leader of the American Civil Liberties Union. He was called a "labor lawyer". He defended Eugene V. Debs (1894), Bill Haywood, and other prominent labor leaders in court. He was also involved in campaigns against child labor and capital punishment.
Source: https://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h3943.html -
Theodore Roosevelt
The 26th President of the U.S. He was a war hero during the Spanish-American War (1898), NY Governor, made anti-trust laws, made the U.S. active in world politics, authorized construction of the Panama Canal, added a corollary to the Monroe Doctrine, and won the Nobel Peace Prize.
Source: https://www.whitehouse.gov/about-the-white-house/presidents/theodore-roosevelt/ -
Muckracker
Investigative journalists who exposed corruption and social injustice. Had a big influence in changing how business and labor worked. Major muckrakers include Ida M. Tarbell, Upton Sinclair, and Jacob Riis.
Source: https://study.com/academy/lesson/the-muckrakers-of-the-progressive-era-definition-and-influence.html -
Upton Sinclair
An accomplished author who wrote about social and political injustices. He published his famous novel, "The Jungle," in 1906. This famous novel was about the meatpacking industry. It spoke about bad meat, mistreated workers, and more.
Source: https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/ref/timestopics/topics_uptonsinclair.html -
Eugene V. Debs
A leader of the Labor Movement. Went against against soon Woodrow Wilson, soon President William Howard Taft, and former President Theodore Roosevelt in the 1912 Presidential Election as a Socialist Party candidate. Co-founded the Industrial Workers of the World. He led the American Railway Union in a protest and was jailed for 6 months.
Source: https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/wilson-eugene-debs/ -
16th Amendment
Made it possible for the Government to make a nationwide income tax. This will become the Government's biggest source of income.
Source: https://constitutioncenter.org/interactive-constitution/amendments/amendment-xvi -
18th Amendment
The 18th Amendment banned the production, sale, or transportation of alcohol. Although, it did allow the consumption, private possession, or production for self use. Within a year, companies and people had to follow what is said in the first sentence.
Source: https://constitutioncenter.org/interactive-constitution/amendments/amendment-xviii
