-
Progressivism
The movement in the late 1800s to increase democracy in America by curbing the power of the corporation. It fought to end corruption in government and business, and worked to bring equal rights of women and other groups that had been left behind during the industrial revolution.
-
Monroe Doctrine
A statement of foreign policy which proclaimed that Europe should not interfere in affairs within the United States or in the development of other countries in the Western Hemisphere. -
Indian Removal Act
This act granted the president funds and authority to remove Native Americans -
Manifest Destiny
Coined in the 1840s by the Jacksonian Democrats, was the belief that the United States was "destined" to spread from the Atlantic seaboard to the Pacific Ocean. Used to promote the annexation of most of the Western United States (Oregon Territory, Texas Annexation, and the Mexican Cessation). Always regarded as a general notion rather than a specific policy. -
Immigration & American Dream
American Dream; The widespread belief that the United States is a land of opportunity and that individual initiative and hard work can bring economic success.
Immigration: migration into a place (especially migration to a country of which you are not a native in order to settle there)
-
Bessemer Process
A cheap and efficient process for making steel, developed around 1850.
-
Nativism
This grew in the U.S. because this group of people disliked the immigrants. There was a lot predjudice created based upon an immigrants' race, color, religion, language, etc. These people thought that the immigrants threatened the way of American life, and, most importantly, it created competition for jobs. They wanted to restrict the number of immigrants entering the U.S. -
Homestead Act
1862 - provided free land in the west as long as the person would settle there and make improvements in five years -
Period: to
Guided Age
1870s - 1900s; time period looked good on the outside, despite the corrupt politics & growing gap between the rich & poor
-
Period: to
Social Gospel
A reform movement led by Protestant ministers who used religious power to demand better housing and living conditions for the urban poor. Popular at the turn of the twentieth century, it was closely linked to the settlement house movement, which brought middle-class, Anglo-American service volunteers into contact with immigrants and working people. -
Chinese exclusion act of 1882
Banned all new immigrants from China -
Haymarket Riot
Worker rally in Chicago at which a bomb was detonated killing policemen - workers were immigrants so incident led to anti-immigration feelings -
Dawes Act
An act that removed Indian land from tribal possesion, redivided it, and distributed it among individual Indian families. Designed to break tribal mentalities and promote individualism. -
Jane Addams
Established Hull House in 1889, won Nobel Peace Prize in 1931 -
Clarence Darrow
famed criminal lawyer; worked in "Monkey Trial"; made William Jennings Bryan appear foolish
-
Klondike Gold Rush
Gold rush in the Yukon Territory in 1897 after gold was discovered there -
Initiative, Referendum, Recall
three powers reserved to enable the voters, by petition, to propose or repeal legislation or to remove an elected official from office. -
Theodore Roosevelt
assistant secretary of the navy; led the Rough Riders up San Juan Hill in Cuba in the land war with Spain; known for his extreme expansionism
-
William Jennings Bryan
- in senate, argued for treaty of 1899 to be passed, saying the sooner the treaty was passed, the sooner the U.S. could get rid of the Philippines; treaty passed by only one vote
- joined the prosecution against John Scopes in the "Monkey Trial" of 1925; took the stand as an expert on the Bible, he was made to appear foolish by criminal lawyer Clarence Darrow
-
Andrew Carneige
Scottish born industrialist, developed (expanded) US steel industry.
(Jan.1 se as default date) -
Industrialization
After the Civil War, industry expanded as millions of people left their farms to work in mines and factories. By the early 1900's, the U.S. was the #1 industrial nation. -
Robber Barons (Captains of Industry)
Refers to the industrialists or big business owners who gained huge profits by paying their employees extremely low wages. also made lots of money by selling items for more than they cost to make. made prices high -
Urbanization
An increase in the percentage and in the number of people living in urban settlements.
-
Yellow Journalism
journalism that exploits, distorts, or exaggerates the news to create sensations and attract readers; popularized in the late nineteenth century by Jospeh Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst
-
Populism
The movement to increase farmers' political power and to work for legislation in their interest.
-
Muckraker
Writer who exposed corruption and abuses in politics, business, meat-packing, child labor, and more, primarily in the first decade of the twentieth century; their popular books and magazine articles spurred public interest in progressive reform. -
Upton Sinclair
muckraker who shocked the nation when he published The Jungle, a novel that revealed gruesome details about the meat packing industry in Chicago. The book was fiction but based on the things Sinclair had seen.
-
Susan B. Anthony
Devoted to the women's right movement; made speeches and organized state and national conventions on women's rights; collected signatures for a petition to grant women the right to vote and own property
-
Pure Food and Drug Act
(The Jungle, 1906) - Forbade the manufacture or sale of mislabeled or adulterated food or drugs, it gave the government broad powers to ensure the safety and efficacy of drugs in order to abolish the "patent" drug trade. Still in existence as the FDA.
-
Dollar Diplomacy
Foriegn Policy idea by Taft to make countries dependant on the U.S. by heavily investing in their economies -
Federal Reserve Act 1913
Glass-Owen Federal Reserve Act of 1913 created a Federal Reserve System of regional banks and a Federal Reserve Board to stabilize the economy by regulating the supply of currency and controlling credit. -
16th Amendment
Amendment to the United States Constitution (1913) gave Congress the power to tax income.
-
17th Amendment
Passed in 1913, this amendment to the Constitution calls for the direct election of senators by the voters instead of their election by state legislatures.
-
Eugene V Debbs
Supreme Court case that upheld state restrictions on the working hours of women -
18th Amendment
Prohibited the manufacture, sale, and distribution of alcoholic beverages
-
Ida B Wells
African American journalist, published statistics about lynching, urged African Americans to protest by refusing to ride streetcards or shop in white owned stores -
19th Amendment
Amendment to the U.S. Constitution (1920) extended the right to vote to women in federal or state elections.
-
tea pot dome scandal
Secretary of the Interior (Albert Fall) leased government land in California and at Teapot Dome, Wyoming to 2 oil executives- Fall became the first Cabinet official to be sent to prison
-
Political Machines
Well organized political organization that controls election results by awarding jobs and other favors in exchange for votes
