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Period: 1835 BCE to
Andrew Carnegie
Created company for Steel. Gets bought out by banker JP Morgan and renamed U.S. Steel. Andrew Carnegie used vertical integration by buying all the steps needed for production. Philanthropist and a "Robber baron" -
Labor Union
An organization of workers formed to promote collective bargaining with employers over wages, hours, fringe benefits, job security, and working conditions. -
Muckracker
Job was to expose problems to the public. Wanted to capture the public's attention with sex, violence, and scandle. Coined by Teddy Roosevelt. At the time was a negative term. -
17th Amendment
Established that senators were to be elected directly. This law was intended to create a more democratic, fair society. -
Political Machines
Unofficial city organization designed to keep a particular group in power. -
Period: to
Industrialization
The large-scale introduction of manufacturing, advanced technical enterprises, and other productive economic activity into an area, society, country. -
Tenements
Apartments built in city slums to house large numbers of immigrants. -
Period: to
Robber Barons
A term used in the 19th century in the U.S as a negative reference to business men and bankers who dominated their respective industries and amassed huge personal fortunes, typically as a direct result of pursuing various anti-competitive or unfair business practices! -
Period: to
Populism
A late 19th century political movement demanding that people have a greater voice in government and seeking to advance the interests of farmers and laborers -
Labor Strikes
When Laborers/Workers decide to go against their work. -
Period: to
Susan B Anthony
US teacher who was a leader of the campaign for women's right to vote. In 1869, she and Elizabeth Cady Stanton established the National Woman Suffrage Association. -
Period: to
Alexander Graham Bell
Invented the first telephone. A teacher of the deaf. He was significant because his invention sparked the creation of a gigantic communication network across the United States. Made women go from the kitchens to the work place as "numbers please women." -
Period: to
Jacob Riis
Danish-American social reformer, "muckraking" journalist and social documentary photographer. -
Social Gospel
A reform movement led by Protestant ministers who used religious doctrine to demand better housing and living conditions for the urban poor. Popular at the turn of the twentieth century, it was closely linked to the settlement house movement, which brought middle-class, Anglo-American service volunteers into contact with immigrants and working people. -
Bessemer Steel Production
A cheap and efficient process for making steel -
Period: to
Nativism
Favoritism toward native-born Americans, caused immigrants issues with jobs and adapting to the new culture and language -
Period: to
Samuel Gompers
English-born American labor union leader and a key figure in American labor history. -
Period: to
Eugene V Debs
Head of the American Railway Union and director of the Pullman strike; he was imprisoned along with his associates for ignoring a federal court injunction to stop striking. While in prison, he read Socialist literature and emerged as a Socialist leader in America. -
Period: to
Clarence Darrow
American lawyer, a leading member of the American Civil Liberties Union, and a prominent advocate for Georgist economic reform. -
Period: to
Theodore Roosevelt
Became 26th U.S. president after William McKinley's assassination (1901-1908) - known for conservationism and reformed the government through strict regulation of business -
Period: to
William Jennings Bryan
American orator and politician from Nebraska. Beginning in 1896, he emerged as a dominant force in the Democratic Party, standing three times as the party's nominee for President of the United States. -
Period: to
Jane Addams
a middle-class woman dedicated to uplifting the urban masses; college educated (one of first generation); established the Hull House in Chicago in 1889 (most prominent American settlement house, mostly for immigrants); condemned war and poverty; won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1931 -
Period: to
Ida B Wells
African-American investigative journalist, educator, and an early leader in the Civil Rights Movement. -
Period: to
The Gilded Age
A name for the late 1800s, coined by Mark Twain (sarcastically because of the corruption) to describe the tremendous increase in wealth caused by the industrial age and the ostentatious lifestyles it allowed the very rich. The great industrial success of the U.S. and the fabulous lifestyles of the wealthy hid the many social problems of the time, including a high poverty rate, a high crime rate, and corruption in the government. -
Period: to
Upton Sinclair
American novelist, essayist, playwright, and short-story writer, whose works reflect socialistic views -
Haymarket Riot
It is the aftermath of bombing that took place at a labor demonstration. -
Interstate Commerce Act
Federal law that was designed to regulate the railroad industry, particularly its monopolistic practices. The Act required that railroad rates be "reasonable and just," but did not empower the government to fix specific rates. -
Sherman Antitrust Act
Act was supposed to prohibit trusts and monopolies; was used to halt RR strike which threatened to restrain the nation's mail delivery. -
Period: to
Nativism
Social and cultural centers established by reformers in slum areas of American cities -
Period: to
Klondike Gold Rush
A migration by an estimated 100,000 prospectors to the Klondike region of the Yukon in north-western Canada between 1896 and 1899. Gold was discovered there by local miners on August 16, 1896 and, when news reached Seattle and San Francisco the following year, it triggered a stampede of would-be prospectors. Some became wealthy, but the majority went in vain. The Klondike Gold Rush ended in 1899 after gold was discovered in Nome, Alaska prompting an exodus from the Klondike -
Initiative, Referendum, Recall
Voters can propose and vote for new laws, Legislator proposes a law, voters vote on it, and can remove an elected representative from office -
Period: to
Progressivism
Commenced in the beginning of 20th century was the movement of urban middle class against the political system -
Period: to
Dollar Diplomacy
Dollars for Bullets -
Pure Food and Drug Act
Forbade the manufacture or sale of mislabeled or adulterated food or drugs, it gave the government broad powers to ensure the safety and efficacy of drugs in order to abolish the "patent" drug trade. Still in existence as the FDA. -
Period: to
16th Amendment
United States Constitution allows the Congress to levy an income tax without apportioning it among the states or basing it on the United States Census. -
Federal Reserve Act
Created the federal reserve system, the central banking system of the united states, which was signed into law by Woodrow Wilson. it regulated banking to help smaller banks stay in business. -
18th Amendment
"intoxicating liquors" or alcohol were prohibited, and which were excluded from prohibition (e.g., for medical and religious purposes). -
19th Amendment
Established that no citizen can be denied the right to vote on account of sex. Granted women the ability to vote. -
Period: to
Teapot Dome Scandal
A bribery incident which took place in the United States during the administration of President Warren G. Harding, Secretary of the Interior Albert B. Fall leased Navy petroleum reserves at Teapot Dome to private oil companies, without competitive bidding, at low rates. In 1922 and 1923, the leases became the subject of a sensational investigation. Fall was later convicted of accepting bribes from the oil companies
