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Industrialization
The process by which the economy is transformed by agricultural in the process of manufacturing goods. Usually by upgrading to a new power source and the use of machinery. This is what advances technology in society. -
Urbanization
Urbanization is the population shift from rural areas to urban areas. An Increase in people living in cities. Mostly due to opportunities for jobs or wealth. -
Populism
The idea that the government can be used to better society. Populism arose in the late 19th century. Populism came during the 20th century -
Progressivism
political and social-reform movement that brought major changes to American politics and government during the first two decades of the 20th century. Progressive reformers made the first comprehensive effort within the American context to address the problems that arose with the emergence of a modern urban and industrial society. -
Bessemer Process
The process of making steel. This invoved the molting of the iron and the cooling process. This method has been used in factories and seen being used by blacksmiths. -
Susan B. Anthony
Susan B Anthony was a Women’s Rights Activist. She was born into family who influenced Social equality. She petitioned against slavery at 17. She lead the Women’s right movement of Women’s suffrage. -
Monroe Doctrine
Issued by President James Monroe. The Monroe Doctrine issued warning to any country looking to harm the U.S. The Doctrine issued the basic structure of any foreign policy. -
Nativism
The policy of protecting the interests of native inhabitants. This was made for the incoming immigrants from Germany and Ireland. However it ended up dying out by 1847. -
Indian Removal
Passed by Andrew Jackson, the Indian removal at was a law required native american tribes to give up their traditional culture and convert to american civilization. This outlawed Indians to perform dances, practice their religion, and speak their language. -
Robber Barons (Captains of industry)
Industrialists who benefitted from society. The List of these people included John D Rockefeller, Andrew Carnegie, Thomas Edison, and Henry Ford. People who gained wealth during the industrial revolution. -
Manifest Destiny
The expansion of colonies migrating to the west. The belief that God almighty wanted the U.S to expand to the west. This lead to a lot of travelers and settlers migrating and conflicts with Native Americans. -
Clarence Darrow
A lawyer and a member of the ACLU. In 1912 he took a case to defend two union troops accused of murder in the explosion of the Los Angeles building. During the case he was caught bribing the jury which led to a major downfall of his law career. -
William Jennings Bryan
William Jennings was an American public speaker and politician. He actually ran for us president three times as a Democrat. He ran in the 1896 presidential election. He also served as President Woodrow Wilson's secretary of state. -
Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882
A federal bill signed by President Chester A. Arthur. It prohibited any immigrants from Asian descendant to come and migrate to the U.S. No Chinese Immigrant could settle and live in the U.S. -
Homestead Act
Signed into law by President Abraham Lincoln on May 20, 1862, this act gave a boost in western migration. This allowed settlers having provided 160 acres of land. After six months of residency, this allowed them pay 1.25 an acre if they decide to keep the land. -
Ida B. Wells
Ida B Wells was an African American journalist and newspaper editor. She was an activist for the civil rights movement and was one of the founders of the NAACP. She made her causes were not unheard. She would take her campaigns to the white house. -
Andrew Carnegie
Was an Industrialist. Was known for the expansion of the American steel industry in the 19th century. Also was one of the richest people ever. -
Muckraker
"Muckrakers" a name given to writers and journalists who exposed political corruption. Muckrakers made sure that whatever issue they were talking about, the news was spread using news articles and books. One of these Muckrakers was Upton Sinclair, who wrote a book called "The Jungle" which exposed abuses to workers in the meat packing industry. Also "The Bitter cry of the Children" by John Spargo was a book written to show hardships by child laborers. -
The Gilded Age
The Gilded Age was a time of serous social problems being hid. Gilded means to coat with a layer of gold. People and corporations were corrupt, but was glittering with a cover hiding the evil underneath. -
Social Gospel
Christian faith practiced as a call, not just a personal conversion. A social reform movement and betterment of a society based on biblical principles. The movement was changing government rules based on religious morals such as abolishment of child labor, a living wage, and factory regulation. People who started this movement were Liberal Protestant Ministers and Charles Monroe Sheldon's book, "In his steps, What would Jesus Do?" -
Immigration and the American Dream
The American Dream is that every U.S citizen should have equal opportunity for success. Immigration is citizens from another country come and moving to another place. Immigrants saw the American dream as a new opportunity for a better life. They brought themselves and their families with them to escape poverty or war violence in their homeland. -
Haymarket Riot
This was an aftermath riot in the Haymarket Square in Chicago. This was organized by labor radicals to protest the killing and wounding of several workers by the Chicago police during a strike the day before at the McCormick Reaper Works. This was a symbol of struggle for these people. -
Dawes Act
This surveyed the occupied American Indian tribal land and divided it into allotments for individual Indians. This promoted lands in the west. This act was adopted by congress. -
Recall
Recall is the process that allows citizens to remove and replace a public official by the end of their term. This is another right voters have. -
Initiative and Referendum
The abilities that voters have. Initiative is the process that enables citizens to bypass the legislature. Referendum is the measure of voters and their approval. -
Eugene V Debs
Head of the American Railway Union and director of the Pullman strike; he was imprisoned along with his associates for ignoring a federal court injunction to stop striking. While in prison, he read Socialist literature and emerged as a Socialist leader in America. -
Klondike Gold Rush
The Klondike Gold Rush was the migration of almost 100,00 prospectors to the Klondike region of Yukon in Canada. Three men, Jim Mason, Dawson Charlie, and George Washington found gold in the Klondike river. The news lead to the rush of people looking to get their hands on the gold. -
Yellow Journalism
Journalism is journaling based on exaggeration. When new article writes stretch or exaggerate an event to make it seem more of a big deal. This is a common technique used in newscast companies to gain popularity -
Political Machines
An organization which a boss or small group commands a group of business and supporters. How simple beliefs can have a large group of supporters backing up one person. This causes the political competition between the opposing parties. -
Theodore Roosevelt
The 26th U.S. President. His purpose in this era; he was was able to convince the miners to accept independent arbitration. Roosevelt won the American people's approval of the way he handled the situation. -
Pure food and Drug Act
A United States federal law that provided federal inspection of meat products and forbade the manufacture, sale, or transportation of adulterated food products and poisonous patent medicines. This arose due to education and exposure from Muckrakers and researches. This began the FDA , Food and Drug Administration -
Upton Sinclair
An american writer of nearly 100 books and other works across a number of genres. Sinclair's work was well-known and popular in the first half of the twentieth century, and he won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1943. Upton Sinclair wrote "the Jungle", which was based on a meat packing industry in Chicago. -
Dollar Diplomacy
The use of a country's financial power to show it's influence to other countries. This includes Foreign polices, national achievements, and economic levels. How the country can compete with other countries. -
16th amendment
The congress has the ability to collect on any tax. Anything can be taxed. Money that is collected from taxes are used so the government can create buildings, bridges, pay law officials, and funding for major government projects. -
17th amendment
The U.S Senate is made up of two senators from each state. The service time for a Senator is six years. Senators used to be voted by the state legislature however now each senator is elected by the people. -
Federal Reserve Act
At the time, the nation was going under financial crisis in 1907. The nation had to turn to Wall Street financier J.P Morgan. To avoid having to go rely on wealthy individuals during a crisis the congress passed act that the Central Banking System can issue federal reserve notes, or dollars. -
Jane Addams
She was a social activist. Her purpose was being a pioneer social worker in America, as a feminist, and as an internationalist. She encouraged young women to aspire good working jobs. She founded the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom in 1919. -
18th amendment
The banning of any consumption of Alcoholic beverages. This prohibited the selling a and drinking of alcohol. This started the prohibition era. The amendment did not last long due to people still finding ways to still get drinks. -
19th amendment
Before this was ratified women did not have the same rights to men. They were not allowed to vote. The 19th amendment granted voting rights for Women. This was accomplished by Women's suffrage. -
Tea Pot Dome Scandal
The Tea pot dome scandal was Oil companies bribing the government and national security. Oil was being shipped from the navy to the department of the Interior. This oil was part of federal reserves.
