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16th Amendment
The congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes on incomes, from whatever source derived, without apportionment among the several states, and without regard to any census or enumeration -
18th Amendment
After one year from the ratification of this article the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors within, the importation thereof into, or the exportation thereof from the united states and all territory subject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage purposes is hereby prohibited -
poltical machine
a political organization in which an authoritative boss or small group commands the supporters and buisnesses, who recieve rewards for their efforts -
bessemer process
the first inexpensive industrial process for the mass production of steel from molted pig iron before the development of the open hearth furnace. the key principle is removal of impurities from the iron by oxidation with air being blown through the molten iron -
industrialization
the development of industries in a country or region on a wide scale -
monroe doctorine
a united states policy of opposing european colonism in the americans beginning in 1823 president james monroe first stated the doctorine during his 7th annual state of the union addrfess to congress. the term "monroe doctorine" itself was coined in 1850 -
indian removal
law authorized the president to negotiate with southern indian tribes for their removal of federal territory west of the missippi river in exchange for their lands -
Manifest Destiny
The 19th century doctrine or belief that the expansion of the US throughout the american continents was both justified and inevitable -
natism
the policy of protecting the interests of native born or established inhabitants against those of immigrants -
homestead act
encouraged western migration by providing settlers 160 acres of public land in exchange, homesteaders paid a small filing fee and were required to complete 5 years of continuous residence before receiving ownership of the land -
yellow journalism
journalism that is based upon sensationalism and crude exaggeration -
chinese exclusion act of 1882
it was the first significant law restricting immigration into the united states. In the spring of 1882, the Chinese exclusion act was passed by congress and signed by president Chester A. Arthur. this act provided an absolute 10-year moratorium on Chinese -
haymarket riot
aftermath of a bombing that took place at a labor demonstration on tuesday may 4, 1886, at haymarket square chicago -
dawes act
authorized the president of the united states to survey american indian tribal land and divide it into allotments for individual indians -
progressivism
a variety of responses to the economic and social problems rapid industrialization introduced to america. Progresivism began as a social movement and grew into a poitical movement. the early progressives rejected social darwinism -
populism
populist movement, in the u.s. history, politically oriented coalition of argarian reformers in the middle west and south that advocate a wide range of economic and political legislation in the late 19th century -
William Jennings Bryan
an american orator and politician from Nebraska. Beginning in 1896, he emerged as a dominant force in the democratic party, standing 3 times as the party's nominee for the president of the united states -
klondike gold rush
a migration by an estimated 100,000 prospectors to the klondike region of the yukon in the north western canada between 1896 and 1899 -
Theodore Roosevelt
an american statesman, author, explorer, soldier, and naturalist, who served as the 26th president of the united states from 1901-1909 -
pure food and drug act
for preventing the manufacture, sale, or transportation of aldulterated or misbranded or poisonous or deleterious food, drugs, medicines, and liquors for regulated traffic, and for other purposes -
muckraker
one who inquires into and publishes scandal and allegations of corruption among political and buisness leaders'', popularized 1906 in speech by president Theodore Roosevelt , in reference to "man with a muckrake in his hand" in bunyans "pilgrims progress" who seeks wordly gain by raking filth -
Susan B anthony
Susan Brownwell Anthony was an american social reformer ans womens right activist who played a pivotal role in the womens suffrage movemnt -
dollar diplomacy
particulary during president William Howard Tafts term, was a form of american foreign policy to further its aims in Latin america and east Asia through use of its economic power by gauranteeing loans made to foreign countries -
federal reserve act
a US legislation that created the current federal reserve system. the federal reserve act intended to establish a form of economic stability in the united states through the introduction of the central bank, which would be in charge of monetary policy -
17th amendment
the 17th amendment modified article 1, section 3 of the constitution by allowing voters to cast direct votes for US senators prior to its passage, senators were chosen by state legislatures -
Andrew Carnegie
a scottish american industrialist. Carnegie led the expansion of the american steel industry in the late 19th century and is identified as one of the richest people ever -
the gilded age
the term for this period came into use in the 1920s and 1930s and was derived from writer Mark Twains 1873 novel The gilded age. a tale of today, which satrized an era of serious social problems masked by a thin gold lining -
19th amendments
the right of citizens of the united states to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the united states or by any state on account of sex -
tea pot dome scandal
a bribery incident that took place in the united states from 1921 to 1922, during the administration of president warren g harding -
Eugene V. Debs
An american union leader, one of the founding members of the industrial workers of the world, and five times the candidate of the socialist party of america for the president of the unites states -
urbanization
as migrants moved from the countryside, small towns became large cities. By 1850, for the first time in world history, more people in a country then great Britain lived in cities then rural areas -
immigration and the american dream
a simple idea that promises success to all who reside and work hard in the land of the free and the home of the brave. we as americans pride ourselves on the notion of living in a country built by immigrants who came here looking for social, political, and regions liberty. -
Ida B Wells
An african journalist, newspaper editor, suffragist, sociologist, feminist, georgist, and early leader in the civil rights movement -
robber barons
a derogatory metaphor of social critisism originally applied to certain late 19th century american buisnessmen who used unscrupulous methods to get rich -
Jane Addams
Known as the ''mother'' of social work, was a pioneer american settlement activist/reformer social worker, public philosopher, socialogist, author, and leader in womens suffrage and world peace -
Clarence darrow
An american lawyer, a leading member of the american civil liberties union, and a prominent advocate for georgist economic reform -
Upton Sinclair
An american writer who wrote nearly one hundred books and other works in several genres. Sinclairs work was well known and popular in the first half of the twentieth century, and he won the pultizer prize for fiction in 1943. -
recall
a procedure by which voters can remove an elected official from office through a direct vote before that officials term has ended -
social gospel
a religious movement that arose during the second half of the 19th century. ministers especially ones belonging to the protestant branch of Christianity, began to tie salvation and good works together. they argued that people must emulate life of Jesus christ