Unit 2 Part 2 History Timeline

Persian Empire was founded

559 BCE

The Persian Empire was founded by Cyrus the Great. This would eventually form into the Achaemenid Dynasty. This was one of the most powerful dynasties of all time

Buddhism is Founded

500 BCE

Buddhism was founded sometime in the 5th century BCE. Buddhism was founded on the principle of Dharma. This was aimed to end suffering in the world, and was the concept that people shouldn't self-indulge.

Persian War Starts

490 BCE

The Persian War was a series of wars between Greek States and Persia. Darius launched his first invasion of Greece which started the war. This invasion eventually led to further conflict and a second invasion.

Persian War Ends

449 BCE

The Persian War is generally considered to have ended with the Peace of Callias. This document said that Persia would no longer engage in Greek affairs. It is somewhat uncertain as to what it said exactly, but it is generally understood that it led to peace.

Peloponnesian War Starts

431 BCE

The Peloponnesian War was a series of wars between Athens and Sparta. These were two of the most powerful Greek powers in the world. This war would last 30 years and had a lot of important battles.

Persian Empire Falls

334 BCE

The fall of the Persian Empire had to do with internal reason and external reasons. Persia faced political instability with weak leadership. Alexander the Great finally conquered the empire leading to the end of the Persian Empire.

Mauryan Empire Founded

321 BCE

The Mauryan Empire unified all of India except the South. Has an important leader named Ashoka, who kills many of his brothers for control of the empire. He then feels remorseful so he converts to Buddhism. He then spreads Buddhism all over India and into other empires/countries. This is why Buddhism is so popular in India today.

Punic War Starts

264 BCE

The Punic War was a series of wars between Carthage and Rome that led to Roman Expansion. The battles were fought over control of trade and territory in the Mediterranean. These wars lasted nearly a century with high tensions.

Qin Dynasty Emerges

221 BCE

The Qin Dynasty was China's first unified state whose power was unified. The Great Wall of China started being built under the Qin Dynasty. The Qin Dynasty also made a terracotta army to be buried with Emperor Qin Shi Huang. They were believed to have protected him in the afterlife.

Spartacus Revolts

73 BCE

The Spartacus Revolt was a famous slave uprising against the Roman Republic led by gladiator Spartacus. The revolt became one of the largest and most serious challenges to Roman authority. Spartacus was eventually killed in battle. Despite its defeat it is remembered as a symbol of resistance to oppression.

Death of Julius Caeser

44 BCE

Julius Caesar was the last ruler of the Roman Republic. He was murdered by members of the Senate. The reason for this was he was trying to bring back the monarchy. After his death, a Civil War broke out, which led to Octavion winning.

The Fall of the Roman Republic

27 BCE

The Roman Empire was a republic until 27 BCE. During this time, Octavian was named the first legitimate emperor. The Senate was allowed to exist still but under his control. This was when Rome began to grow into the most powerful empire in the world.

Jesus is Born

4 BCE

Jesus Christ was born into a Jewish family in Jerusalem. He was believed to be an apocalyptic prophet. He also had 12 main followers known as apostles. This was when Christianity first really started.

Roman Colosseum Built

82

The Roman Colosseum was built when the Roman Empire was at its peak. The Colosseum was built with the intent to host gladiatorial games there. These were fights that happened between people during the time and were seen as entertainment for the people.

End of Pax Romana

180

Pax Romana means Roman Peace. This was a time that lasted from 27 BCE-180 CE when there was peace throughout Rome. During this period the Roman empire expanded and they started trading with India and China.

Fall of the Han Dynasty

189

The Han Dynasty was one of the most powerful empires during this time. There were multiple reasons for the fall but the main one was the Yellow River flood. This caused the river to change course, and led to widespread poverty throughout the area.

Beginning of the Mayan Flourish

200

The Mayans had been around since as early as 1500 BCE, but 200 CE was when they started to become a powerful dynasty. They were known for their sophisticated writing system, art, and architecture. They also began to develop a complex society with city-states each ruled by a king.

Edict of Milan

313

Before this time Christians were being persecuted in Rome for their faith. The Edict of Milan was a decree that granted religious tolerance throughout the Roman Empire, but specifically for Christianity. This led to Christianity spreading exponentially and becoming the dominant religion in the area.

Gupta Empire Starts

320

The Gupta Empire was an empire from 320-550 in modern-day India. The Gupta Empire was smaller than the Mauryan Empire. They focused on trade, mathematics, science, and arts.

The Fall of the Roman Empire

476

The fall of Rome was one of the most important events in history. One of the greatest empires to ever exist had finally broken apart. There are many reasons as to why, but some of the main ideas are that the government was very instable and that the size of the empire was too hard to manage.