The Early Church and Fall of Rome

  • 27 BCE

    Roman Empire Begins

    Octavian given title of Augustus by Roman Senate
  • 5 BCE

    Jesus born in Bethlehem

  • 30

    Death and Resurrection of Jesus

    Jesus returns to Judea, is crucified, and resurrected.
  • 43

    Roman conquest of Britain begins under Claudius

  • 49

    Jerusalem Council

    Paul and Peter return to Jerusalem for the Apostolic Council, which, with the assistance of James, frees Gentile believers from the requirement of circumcision in opposition to Pharisaic believers. Paul writes Galatians.
  • 54

    Mark writes his gospel

    Mark writes his Gospel, containing Peter’s memories of Jesus; perhaps within a decade, Matthew publishes his Gospel, which relies on Mark and other sources. Paul writes 1 Corinthians from Ephesus
  • Period: 64 to 67

    Fire in Rome; Nero blames and kills many Christians.

    Peter writes his second letter ( 2 Peter). Jude writes his letter. Paul writes 2 Timothy (see 2 Tim. 4:6–8). Paul and Peter are martyred in Rome.
  • 70

    Jewish Temple Destroyed

    Titus, Vespasian’s son, after a five-month siege of Jerusalem,
  • Period: 85 to 96

    John leads the Church

    Domitian, Titus’s brother, persecutes Christians. John writes his letters (1–3 John) and gospel , probably in Ephesus. Exiled by Domitian to Patmos, John writes Revelation.
  • 107

    Ignatius led to Rome and martyred

  • 130

    Conversion of Justin, the Philosopher Apologist

  • Period: 161 to 180

    Marcus Aurelius, the last of the "Good Emperors" reigned.

    Aurelius persecuted Christians across the Empire. Germanic tribes crossed the Danube River and invaded the Roman Empire.
  • 225

    Tertullian dies

  • Period: 249 to 251

    Decius' Reign

    Desiring to be worshiped, Decius persecuted Christians. Cyprian was a key church leader during this persecution while Antony was born towards the end of this period.
  • Period: 251 to 284

    Thurd Century Crisis

    The Roman Empire experienced political instability, battles with various Barbarian tribes and economic issues. Diocletian ended this crisis.
  • Period: 284 to 305

    Diocletian Persecution of Church

  • 312

    Battle of Milvian Bridge

    Constantine defeats Maxentius at the battle of Milvian Bridge and becomes Emperor of the West.
  • 313

    Edict of Milan

  • 324

    Constantine becomes sole Emperor

    Constantine defeats Licinius and becomes Emperor of both East and West
  • 325

    Council of Nicaea

  • 340

    Arianism spreads among Germanic tribes

    Ulfilas converted to Arian Christianity. He takes it to the Germanic tribes, gives them an alphabet, and translates the Bible into their language. Most of the Germanic tribes became Arian Christians
  • Period: 361 to 363

    Reign of Julian the Apostate

    Julian converted from Christianity to paganism and tried to restore paganism throughout the Empire.
  • Period: 379 to 396

    The Reign of Theodosius

    Theodosius established Christianity as the official religion of thee Roman Empire.
  • 386

    Augustine Converts to Christianity

    At around 30 years old, Augustine was converted in a garden in Milan after hearing a child saying "Take up and read!" He took up Romans 13: 13-14.
  • 406

    Germanic Tribes Cross Rhine

    A coalition of foreign tribes including the Vandals, Alans and Suebi invaded the Western Roman Empire across the Rhine.
  • 410

    Alaric and the Visigoths Sack Rome

    At the same time, the Roman military abandons Britain.
  • Period: 413 to 426

    Augustine Writes City of God

    The Vandals take North Africa and Augustine dies a few years later.
  • Period: 440 to 461

    440-461 Papacy of Leo the Great

    As Poe, Leo defended the doctrine that Jesus was one person, fully God and fully man. He also asserted the pope's authority over the Church. Lastly, he convinced the bloodthirsty and pagan Atilla the Hun to stop his invasion of Italy.
  • 476

    The Western Empire Falls

    The last Emperor, Romulus Augustulus, is deposed by Odoacer, a Gothic general who declared himself king of "Italy" .