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American Civil War
The Civil War, also known as “The War Between the States,” was fought between the United States of America and the Confederate States of America, a collection of eleven southern states that left the Union in 1860 and 1861 and formed their own country in order to protect the institution of slavery. -
Homestead Act
The Homestead Act was an act that encouraged Western migration by providing settlers 160 acres of public land, but they settlers had to live on the land for at least 5 years before taking ownership and completely owning the land. -
13th Amendment
Slaves are freed slavery abolished -
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Reconstruction
Reconstruction refers to the period following the Civil War of rebuilding the United States. It was a time of great pain and endless questions. On what terms would the Confederacy be allowed back into the Union? Who would establish the terms, Congress or the President? -
14th Amenment
Everyone is a citizen -
Transcontinental Railroad Completed
The completion of the transcontinental railroad stretched from California to Utah in the West then joined the Union Pacific Railroad in Nebraska. -
Industrialization Begins to Boom
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15th Amendment
All African American men can vote -
Boss Tweed rise at Tammany Hall
Tammany Hall was a political force in New York City from its 1789 inception as a benevolent association to mayoral campaigns in the 1950s. Later, the hundreds receiving Tammany Hall assistance with problems or baskets of food on holidays would show their gratitude at the polls. -
Telephone Invented
The telephone was designed by Alexander Graham Bell and began to be invented by Antonio Meucci in 1849. -
Reconstruction Ends
The Compromise of 1877 was a purported informal, unwritten deal that settled the intensely disputed 1876 U.S. presidential election. It resulted in the United States federal government pulling the last troops out of the South, and formally ended the Reconstruction Era. -
Jim Crow Laws Start in South
Jim Crow was the name of the racial caste system which operated primarily in southern and border states, -
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Gilded Age
The time between the Civil War and World War I during which the U.S. population and economy grew quickly, there was a lot of political corruption and corporate financial misdealings and many wealthy people lived very fancy lives. -
Light Bulb Invented
Thomas Edison, Hiram Maxim, and Joseph Swan created the light bulb diagram and the invention its self. -
Third Wave of Immigration
The third major wave of immigration had significantly impacted the states population when over 44 million immigrants arrived in the United States during the current wave. -
Chinese Exclusion Act
The Chinese Exclusion Act was a federal law created to keep all Chinese laborers from entering into The United States -
Pendleton Act
The Pendelton Act is a US federal law established that government positions should be given because of experience not because of political promises. -
Dawes Act
The Dawes Act was an act established to turn Native Americans into farmers by the government giving away 160 acres of land. -
Interstate Commerce Act
The Interstate Commerce Act is a US federal law that was designed to regulate the railroad industry. -
Andrew Carnegie’s Gospel of Wealth
The Gospel of Wealth was an article written by Andrew Carnegie describing philanthropy. -
Chicago's Hull House
The Chicago's Hull house or settlement home was built by Jane Addams for immigrants that just arrived and didn't have a place to stay at. It was also used as a place for women and children to work, play, and stay at. -
Klondike Gold Rush
The Klondike Gold Rush was a rush of thousands of people in the 1890's toward the Klondike gold mining district in northwestern Canada after gold was discovered there. -
Sherman Anti-Trust Act
The Sherman Antitrust Act was the first major legislation passed by Congress to address oppressive business practices associated with cartels and oppressive monopolies. -
How the Other Half Lives
This was a documentary book written by Jacob Riis to explain all the bad living conditions that were happening in New York tenements. -
Influence of Sea Power Upon History
This was a book created by Alfred Thayer Mahan who was the president of the United States Naval War College and wrote it to explain the revolutionary analysis of the importance of naval power in a country. -
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Progressive Era
A movement to support widespread social activism and political reform across the United States. The main objectives were to eliminate problems caused by industrialization, urbanization, and political/economic corruption in government from the Gilded Age. -
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Imperialism
During the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the United States pursued an aggressive policy of expansionism, extending its political and economic influence around the globe. -
Homestead Steel Labor Strike
The Homestead Steel Labor Strike also known as the Pinkerton Rebellion and Homestead Massacre was a labor dispute with workers from the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers stroked against Carnegie Steel Company at Homestead, Pennsylvania because of wage cuts. -
Pullman Labor Strike
The Pullman Labor Strike was a nationwide railroad strike against the Pullman Company by the workers that were sick of being treated
poorly. -
Plessy v Ferguson
It upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation laws for public facilities as long as the segregated facilities were equal in quality, a doctrine that came to be known as "separate but equal". -
Annexation of Hawaii
Hawaii was annexed in 1898 mostly because of their fruit and sugar. The annexation was pushed by President William McKinley and made a territory in the U.S in 1900. -
Spanish American War
The Spanish American War started because of a U.S.S. Maine battleship being blown up, killing over 266 people. The newspaper authors exaggerated the actual story, blaming the casualties on Spain and many other problems causing the US to got to war with Spain. The United states gained 3 countries: Cuba, Guam, and the Philippines and annexed them, -
Open Door Policy
This policy was created for the protection of equal privileges among countries trading with China and in support of Chinese territorial and administrative integrity. -
Assassination of President Mckinley
President McKinley was shot September 6, 1901 by Leon Czolgosz in Buffalo, New York. McKinley was shot just because he was the president. -
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Theodore Roosevelt
Theodore Roosevelt belonged to the Progressive and Republican Party. Domestic polices was square deal (3C's), trust busting, consumers, conservation (nature). Teddy followed the big stick diplomacy which means he didn't allow anyone to hurt the countries that was his so he used intimidation against enemy countries. -
Wright brother's Airplane
The Wright brothers had invented the first successful airplane. -
Panama Canal U.S Construction Begins
Building the Panama Canal, 1903–1914. President Theodore Roosevelt oversaw the realization of a long-term United States goal a trans-isthmian canal. Throughout the 1800s, American and British leaders and businessmen wanted to ship goods quickly and cheaply between the Atlantic and Pacific coasts. -
The Jungle
This was a book written by Upton Sinclair to describe and explain to the country how bad the working-conditions in the meat-packaging industry causing the food to be unhealthy and contaminated. -
Pure Food and Drug Act
This act was created because of the Jungle written by Upton Sinclair explaining how bad meat packaging industries were. -
Model-T
The first production Model T Ford was completed at the company's Piquette Avenue plant in Detroit. Between 1908 and 1927, Ford built about 15 million Model T cars. It was the longest production run of any automobile model in history until the Volkswagen Beetle surpassed it in 1972. -
NAACP
NAACP stands for National Association for the Advancement of Colored People and this program was created by W.E.B Du Bois. -
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William Howard Taft
William Howard Taft belonged to the Republican Party. Domestic polices was failing the 3C's and passed the 16th and 17th amendments. Taft followed the dollar diplomacy which means instead of being strong and putting up a fight Taft just gave money away to get alliances and keep the peace. -
16th Amendment
The congress has the power to tax and collect taxes on incomes. -
Federal Reserve Act
The Federal Reserve Act allows the U.S. government to issue federal notes ( U.S. dollars ) as legal tender in order to provide the nation with a safer, more flexible, and more stable monetary and financial system. This was signed into law by Woodrow Wilson, -
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Woodrow Wilson
Woodrow Wilson belonged to the Democratic Party. Domestic polices was the Clayton Anti-Trust Act, National Parks Service, the Federal Reserve Act, and the 18th and 19th amendments. Wilson followed the moral diplomacy which means he only helped the countries that held the same beliefs as he did. -
17th Amendment
This established the popular election of United States Senators by the people of the states. -
Assissination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
There was an assassination plan created but everyone except for Gavrilo Princip chickened out and decided not to go through with the plan. He was inspecting the army in Sarajevo with his wife Sophie and toke a wrong turn to a different road where Gavrilo just happened to be walking on. -
Trench Warfare, Poison Gas, and Machine Guns
Trench warfare is a form of fighting where two sides fight each other from opposing trenches. -
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World War 1
The immediate cause of World War I that made the aforementioned items come into play (MAIN- militarism, alliances, imperialism, nationalism) was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary. In June 1914, a Serbian-nationalist terrorist group called the Black Hand sent groups to assassinate the Archduke. -
Sinking of the Lusitania
The Lusitania British ocean liner carrying Americans that was sunk off the coast of Ireland by Germany U-Boats. -
National Parks System
The National Parks System is a federal agency that manages all national parks, many monuments,, and other conservation and historical properties. This was signed into law by Woodrow Wilson. -
Zimmerman Telegram
A message British intercepted from the Germany government to the Mexican government offering Germany support if mexico declared war against the U.S. and offered ti return land Mexico had lost to the U.S. -
Russian Revolution
1917 uprising that destroyed the Tsarists (Czar) autocracy and led to the rise of communism and the Soviet Union in Russia. -
U.S entry of Argonne Forest
Major part of the final Allied offensive of WW1 that stretched along the entire Western Front with lasted 47 days and brought an end to WW1. Largest battle in U.S. military history, involving 1.3 million American soldiers, and was also one of the deadliest. -
Armistice
An agreement made by opposing sides in war to stop fighting for a certain time so a truce. The armistice of 1918 lasted for 20 years which stated that there would be no war between any countries until the armistice was over. -
Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points
Woodrow Wilson's peace plan that was easy on the German's punishment for WWll and included: people all over the world are to determine their own fate (self-determination), no colonial powers grabbing nations, free trade, no secret pacts, freedom of the seas, arms reduction, and creation of the League of Nations. -
Treaty of Versailles
The treaty that ended WWl between Germany and the Allied Powers. It blamed the whole war on Germany and forced them to pay for reconstruction of all destroyed countries, leaving them in poor, in debt, and weak. -
18th Amendment
Temperance movement,, it banned the drinking and sailing of alcohol. It was later repealed by the 21st amendment. -
19th Amendment
Women's right to vote -
President Harding's Return to Normalcy
A return to the way of life before World War I, was United States presidential candidate Warren G. Harding's campaign promise in the election of 1920. -
Red Scare
The rounding up and deportation of several hundred immigrants of radical political views by the federal government in 1919 and 1920. This “scare” was caused by fears of subversion by communists in the United States after the Russian Revolution. -
Harlem Renaissance
The Harlem Renaissance was a cultural, social, and artistic explosion that took place in Harlem, New York, spanning the 1920s. It was also giving the name the Roaring Twenties because of the exuberant, freewheeling popular culture of the decade, this era in U.S history was a time when many people defied Prohibition, indulged in new styles of dancing and dressing, and rejected many traditional moral standards. -
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Roaring Twenties
Because of the exuberant, freewheeling popular culture of the decade, this era in US history was a time when many people defied Prohibition, indulged in new styles of dancing and dressing, and rejected many traditional moral standards. -
Teapot Dome Scandal
In the 1920s, Teapot Dome became synonymous with government corruption and the scandals arising out of the administration of President Warren G. Harding. Since then, it has sometimes been used to symbolize the power and influence of oil companies in American politics. -
Joseph Stalin Leads USSR
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Scopes "Monkey" Trail
The Scopes Monkey Trial, was an American legal case in July 1925 in which a substitute high school teacher, John T. Scopes, was accused of violating Tennessee's Butler Act, which had made it unlawful to teach Tennessee schools. -
Mein Kampf published
A book written by Adolf Hitler. Translated from German to 'My Struggle' Is a autobiography that describes the process by which Hitler became antisemitic and outlines his political ideology and future plans for Germany. -
Charles Lindbergh's Trans-Atlantic Flight
Charles Lindbergh made the first solo nonstop flight across the Atlantic Ocean on May 20-21, 1927. Other pilots had crossed the Atlantic before him. But Lindbergh was the first person to do it alone nonstop. -
St.Valentine's Day Massacre
The Saint Valentine's Day Massacre is the name given to the 1929 murder in Chicago of seven men of the North Side gang during the Prohibition Era. -
Stock Market Crashes "Black Tuesday"
Investors traded a record 16.4 million shares. They lost $14 billion on the New York Stock Exchange, worth $199 billion in 2017 dollars. -
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Great Depression
The Great Depression was the deepest and longest-lasting economic downturn in the history of the Western industrialized world. In the United States, the Great Depression began soon after the stock market crash of October 1929, which sent Wall Street into a panic and wiped out millions of investors. -
Hooverillies
A shanty town built during the Great Depression by the homeless in the United States of America. They were named after Herbert Hoover, who was President of the United States of America during the onset of the Depression and was widely blamed for it. -
Smoot-Hawley Tariff
The act raised U.S. tariffs on over 20,000 imported goods and was an act implementing protectionist trade policies sponsored by Senator Reed Smoot and Representative Willis C. Hawley. -
100,000 Banks Have Falied
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Hitler Appointed Chancellor of Germany
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Agriculture Adjustment Administration (AAA)
Protected farmers from price drops by providing crop subsidies to reduce production, educational programs to teach methods of preventing soil erosion. -
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
The FDIC's purpose was to provide stability to the economy and the failing banking system and created federally insured bank deposits to prevent bank failures. -
Public Works Administration (PWA)
A large-scale public works construction agency in the United States headed by Secretary of the Interior. It was created by the National Industrial Recovery Act. -
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Franklin D. Roosevelt
32nd President of the United States; elected four times; instituted New Deal to counter the Great Depression and led country during World War II -
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New Deal Programs
The New Deal Programs was a group of U.S. government programs of the 1930s. President Franklin D. Roosevelt started the programs to help the country recover from the economic problems of the Great Depression. -
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The Holocaust
The mass murder of Jews under the German Nazi regime during the period 1941–45. More than 6 million European Jews, as well as members of other persecuted groups, such as gypsies and homosexuals, were murdered at concentration camps such as Auschwitz. -
Social Security Administration (SSA)
it provided pensions, unemployment insurance, and aid to blind, deaf, disabled, and dependent children. -
Rape of Nanjing
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Kristallancht
Kristallnacht owes its name to the shards of shattered glass that lined German streets in the wake of the pogrom—broken glass from the windows of synagogues, homes, and Jewish-owned businesses plundered and destroyed during the violence. -
Hitler Invades Poland
• September 1st 1939
• Beginning of WWII
• Hitler invades Poland
• Poland is finished by the end of the month
• Poland is partitioned for the 4th time -
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World War ll
The immediate cause was Britain and France declaring war on Germany after it invaded Poland in September 1939. Problems arose in Weimar Germany that experienced strong currents of revanchism after the Treaty of Versailles that concluded its defeat in World War I in 1918. -
German Blitzkrieg Attacks
The Blitz was a German bombing offensive against Great Britain in 1940 and 1941 (mass air attacks on town and cities like London) -
Pearl Harbor
US military base on Hawaii that was bombed by Japan on December 7, 1941 which caused the US to enter into WWll -
Tuskegee Airmen
African-American military pilots (fighter and bomber) who fought in WWll. -
Navajo Code Talkers
U.S soldiers that used Native Americans language to transmit coded/secret messages during WWll. -
Executive Order 9066
Presidential order by FDR in 1942 that authorize d the incarceration of Japanese Americans, German Americans, and Italia Americans to interment camps in the US. -
Bataan Death March
76,000 prisoners of war (66,000 Filipinos, 10,000 Americans) were forced by the Japanese military to march in the Philippines in 1942. -
Invasion of Normandy (D-Day)
Allied invasion of Normandy in 1944 that resulted in the liberation of Western Europe from Nazi control: largest seaborne invasion in history. -
GI Bill
Law passed in 1944 to help returning veterans buy homes and pay for higher education -
Atomic Bombing of Nagasaki and Hiroshima
Japanese cities that the U.S dropped the first ever nuclear weapons on causing Imperial Japan to surrender in 1945. -
Victory Over Japan/Pacific (VJ/VP) Day
Victory over Japan Day (also known as V-J Day, Victory in the Pacific Day, or V-P Day) is the day on which Imperial Japan surrendered in World War II, in effect ending the war. -
Liberation of Concentration Camps
Soviet soldiers were the first to liberate concentration camp prisoners in the final stages of the war. On July 23, 1944, they entered the Majdanek camp in Poland, and later overran several other killing centers. On January 27, 1945, they entered Auschwitz and there found hundreds of sick and exhausted prisoners. -
Victory in Europe (VE)
Was the public holiday celebrated on 8 May 1945 to mark the formal acceptance by the Allies of World War II of Nazi Germany's unconditional surrender of its armed forces. -
Nuremberg Trails
Nuremberg, Germany, was chosen as a site for trials that took place in 1945 and 1946. Judges from the Allied powers—Great Britain, France, the Soviet Union, and the United States—presided over the hearings of twenty-two major Nazi criminals. Twelve prominent Nazis were sentenced to death. -
United Nations (UN) Formed
An international organization formed in 1945 to increase political and economic cooperation among its member countries -
Germany DIvided
The separation of Berlin began in 1945 after the collapse of Germany. The country was divided into four zones, where each superpower controlled a zone. In 1946, reparation agreements broke down between the Soviet and Western zones. -
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Harry S. Truman
Harry S. Truman was an American statesman who served as the 33rd President of the United States, taking the office upon the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt. He faced huge responsibilities in the final months of the war, including authorizing the use of the atomic bomb against Japan, and planning the post-war world. -
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Baby Boom
An increase in population by almost 30 million people after WWll in the US. This spurred growth in suburbs and three to four children families -
Truman Doctrine
American foreign policy whose stated purpose was to counter Soviet geopolitical expansion during the Cold War -
Mao Zedong Established Communist Rule in China
The last stage, lasting from September 1948 to December 1949, saw the communists take the initiative and the collapse of KMT rule in mainland China as a whole. On 1 October 1949, Mao declared the establishment of the PRC, which signified the end of the Chinese Revolution -
22nd Amendment
president can only run two consecutive terms -
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The Cold War
The Cold War was a state of geopolitical tension after World War II between powers in the Eastern Bloc (the Soviet Union and its satellite states) and powers in the Western Bloc (the United States, its NATO allies and others). -
Marshall Plan
A program by which the United States gave large amounts of economic aid to European countries to help them rebuild after the devastation of World War II. -
Berlin Airlift
A military operation in the late 1940s that brought food and other needed goods into West Berlin by air after the government of East Germany, which at that time surrounded West Berlin (see Berlin wall) had cut off its supply routes. -
Arab-Israeli War Begins
Five Arab nations invaded territory in the former Palestinian mandate immediately following the announcement of the independence of the state of Israel -
NATO Formed
a military alliance of European and North American democracies founded after World War II to strengthen international ties between member states—especially the United States and Europe—and to serve as a counter-balance to the Soviet Union and Warsaw Pact -
Kim ll-Sung invades South Korea
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UN forces push North Korea to Yalu River (the border with China)
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Chinese forces cross Yalu River and enter Korean War
The 300,000-man Chinese offensive caught the U.N. forces off guard, largely because of U.S. Gen. Douglas MacArthur's belief that China would not openly enter the war, and vastly expanded the conflict. The Korean War began when communist North Korean forces invaded democratic South Korea on June 25, 1950 -
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Korean War
On June 25, 1950, the Korean War began when North Korea, supported by the Soviet Union and China, invaded South Korea, which was supported by the United States. General MacArthur, leader of the United Nations forces, drove the North Koreans back across the divide, yet encountered a Chinese invasion. -
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1950s Prosperity
The Decade of Prosperity. The economy overall grew by 37% during the 1950s. ... Inflation, which had wreaked havoc on the economy immediately after World War II, was minimal, in part because of Eisenhower's persistent efforts to balance the federal budget -
Ethel and Julius Rosenburg Execution
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg, a married couple convicted of conspiracy to commit espionage in 1951, are put to death in the electric chair. ... Specifically, they were accused of heading a spy ring that passed top-secret information concerning the atomic bomb to the Soviet Union. -
Armistice Signed
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Gideon v. Wainwright
Clarence E. Gideon v. Louie L. Wainwright, Corrections Director. The Sixth Amendment right to counsel is a fundamental right applied to the states via the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution's due process clause, and requires that indigent criminal defendants be provided counsel at trial. -
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Dwight D. Eisenhower
WWll general, Republican, Interstate Highway Act, Containment, Reduce federal deficits (balance federal budget) -
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Warren Court
Supreme Court under Chief Justice Earl Warren which expanded civil rights/due process and federal power -
Hernandez v. Texas
The Court decided that Mexican Americans and all other racial and national groups in the United States had equal protection under the 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. -
Brown v. Board of Education
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483, was a landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students to be unconstitutional. -
Ho Chi MInh Established Communist Rule in Vietnam
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Warsaw Pact Formed
A military alliance of communist nations in eastern Europe. Organized in 1955 in answer to NATO, the Warsaw Pact included Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and the Soviet Union. -
Polio Vaccine
Developed by Jonas Salk and came into use in 1955, acquired immunity used to prevent the polio virus (reduced the number of cases reported each year worlewide from an estimate 350,000 in 1988 to 37 in 2016) -
Rosa Parks Arrested
On 1 December 1955, Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to give up her seat to a white passenger on a city bus in Montgomery, Alabama. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
The Montgomery Bus Boycott, was a political and social protest campaign against the policy of racial segregation on the public transit system of Montgomery, Alabama. -
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Vietnam War
The Vietnam War was a long, costly armed conflict that pitted the communist regime of North Vietnam and its southern allies, known as the Viet Cong, against South Vietnam and its principal ally, the United States. -
Interstate Highway Act
Signed by President Eisenhower in 1956, law that authorized the spending of $32 billion to build 41,000 miles of highway -
Elvis Presley First Hit Song
White singer born in 1935 in Tupelo, Mississippi; chief revolutionary of popular music in the 1950s, fused black rhythm and blues with white bluegrass and country styles; created a new musical idiom known forever after as rock and roll -
Sputnik 1
When the former Soviet Union successfully launched Sputnik I. The world's first artificial satellite was about the size of a basketball, weighed only 183 pounds, and took about 98 minutes to orbit the Earth on its elliptical path. -
Leave it to Beaver First Airs On TV
American TV sitcom that showed the idealized suburban family of the mid-20th century -
Civil Rights Act of 1957
A federal voting rights bill, was the first federal civil rights legislation passed by the United States Congress since the Civil Rights Act of 1875 -
Little Rock Nine
The Little Rock Nine was a group of nine African American students enrolled in Little Rock Central High School in 1957. Their enrollment was followed by the Little Rock Crisis, in which the students were initially prevented from entering the racially segregated school by Orval Faubus, the Governor of Arkansa -
Kennedy versus Nixon TV Debate
The United States presidential election of 1960 was the 44th quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 8, 1960. In a closely contested election, Democrat John F. Kennedy defeated incumbent Vice President Richard Nixon, the Republican Party nominee. -
Chicano Mural Movement Begins
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Bay of Pigs Invasion
Failed military invasion of Cuba sponsored by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) intended to overthrow the increasing communist government of Fidel Castro in 1961 -
Peace Corps Formed
Signed by John F. Kennedy in 1961, US volunteer program where American citizens provide social and economic aid to other developing countries -
Mapp v. Ohio
A landmark case in criminal procedure, in which the United States Supreme Court decided that evidence obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment, which protects against "unreasonable searches and seizures," may not be used in state law criminal prosecutions in state courts -
Affirmative Action
-
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John F. Kennedy
John Fitzgerald "Jack" Kennedy (May 29, 1917 – November 22, 1963), commonly referred to by his initials JFK, was an American politician who served as the 35th President of the United States from January 1961 until his assassination in November 1963. -
Cuban Missile Crisis
Confrontation between the US and the Soviet Union concerning Soviet ballistic missile deployment in Cuba; often considered the closet the Cold War came to a full-scale nuclear war -
Sam Walton Opens First Walmart
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Kennedy Assassinated in Dallas, Texas
John F. Kennedy, the 35th President of the United States, was assassinated on Friday, November 22, 1963, at 12:30 p.m. in Dallas, Texas while riding in a presidential motorcade in Dealey Plaza by Lee Harvey Oswald. -
George Wallace Blocks University of Alabama Entrance
When African American students attempted to desegregate the University of Alabama in June 1963, Alabama's new governor, flanked by state troopers, literally blocked the door of the enrollment office -
The Feminine Mystique
The Feminine Mystique. The Feminine Mystique is a book written by Betty Friedan which is widely credited with sparking the beginning of second-wave feminism in the United States. -
March on Washington
On Aug. 28, 1963, approximately a quarter million people converged on the nation's capital to demand civil rights for African-Americans. The March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom was one of the largest political rallies in history and where Martin Luther King Jr. gave his "I Have a Dream" speech -
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Lyndon B. Johnson
LBJ, was an American politician who served as the 36th President of the United States from 1963 to 1969, assuming the office after having served as the 37th Vice President of the United States -
The Great Society
A domestic program in the administration of President Lyndon B. Johnson that instituted federally sponsored social welfare programs.(Get rid of poverty) -
Escobedo v. Illinois
Escobedo v. Illinois was a United States Supreme Court case holding that criminal suspects have a right to counsel during police interrogations under the Sixth Amendment -
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
Two U.S. destroyers stationed in the Gulf of Tonkin in Vietnam radioed that they had been fired upon by North Vietnamese forces. In response to these reported incidents, President Lyndon B. Johnson requested permission from the U.S. Congress to increase the U.S. military presence in Indochina. -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
The Civil Rights Act of 1964, which ended segregation in public places and banned employment discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex or national origin, is considered one of the crowning legislative achievements of the civil rights movement. -
24th Amendment
The 24th amendment is important because African Americans in the South faced significant discrimination and could not vote for elected officials that would work to end the discrimination. Although the poll tax was never a large sum of money, it was just enough to stop poor African Americans and whites from voting. -
Israeli-Palestine Conflict Begins
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Malcom X Assassintaed
Assassination of Malcolm X. When Malcolm X was assassinated on February 21, 1965, in the Audubon Ballroom in Washington Heights, New York -
United Farm Worker's California Delano Grape Strike
The Delano grape strike was a labor strike by the Agricultural Workers Organizing Committee and the United Farm Workers against grape growers in California. The strike began on September 8, 1965, and lasted more than five years. -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
The Voting Rights Act of 1965, signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson, aimed to overcome legal barriers at the state and local levels that prevented African Americans from exercising their right to vote as guaranteed under the 15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. -
Miranda v. Arizona
Miranda v. Arizona was a Supreme Court case that overturned Ernesto Miranda's conviction for kidnapping and rape because he had not been informed of his legal rights prior to confessing. For example, Miranda did not know that he could ask for an attorney or remain silent during questioning. -
Thurgood Marshall Appointed to Supreme Court
In 1961, President John F. Kennedy appointed Marshall to United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. Four years later, President Lyndon B. Johnson appointed Marshall as the United States Solicitor General. The first black man on the Supreme Court. -
Six Day War
The Egyptian, Syrian and Jordanian armies were decisively defeated, and Israel captured the West Bank from Jordan, the Gaza Strip and the Sinai Peninsula from Egypt, and the Golan Heights from Syria. The 1967 war, which lasted only six days, established Israel as the dominant regional military power -
Tet Offensive
One of the largest military campaigns of the Vietnam War in which the Viet Cong and North Vietnamese army led a suprise against South Vietnam during the Tet holiday, the Vietnamese New Year -
My Lai Massacre
Mass murder of between 347 to 504 unarmed Vietnamese civilians (men, women, children, and infants) in South Vietnam by US Army soldiers, some bodies were raped and mutilated -
Martin Luther King Jr. Assassinated
On April 4, 1968 Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., was assassinated by a sniper as he stood on the balcony of his hotel room in Memphis, TN. News of his death was greeted with an outpouring of grief and rage. Riots erupted all over the country, primarily in black urban areas. -
Tinker v. Des Moines
Landmark Supreme Court Ruling on Behalf of Student Expression. Mary Beth Tinker was a 13-year-old junior high school student in December 1965 when she and a group of students decided to wear black armbands to school to protest the war in Vietnam. -
Vietnamization
Policy of President Richard Nixon to end US involvement in the Vietnam War by equipping/training South Vietnamese forces while steadily reducing the number of US combat troops -
Woodstock Music Festival
Woodstock Festival. The Woodstock Music and Art Festival was a rock music festival at Max Yasgur's 601 acre dairy farm in the town of Bethel, New York from 15–18 August 1969. It might be the most famous rock concert and festival ever held. -
Draft Lottery
366 blue plastic capsules contained the birthdays that would be chosen in the first Vietnam draft lottery drawing on December 1, 1969. The first birth date drawn that night, assigned the lowest number, “001,” was September 14. -
Mason Family Murders
The Manson Family was a commune established in California in the late 1960s, led by Charles Manson. They gained national notoriety after the murder of actress Sharon Tate and four others on August 9, 1969 by Tex Watson and three other members of the Family, acting under the instructions of Charles Manson. -
Apollo 11
On April 4, 1968 Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., was assassinated by a sniper as he stood on the balcony of his hotel room in Memphis, TN. News of his death was greeted with an outpouring of grief and rage. Riots erupted all over the country, primarily in black urban areas. -
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Richard Nixon
In 1960, Nixon launched his first campaign for President of the United States. He faced little opposition in the Republican primaries and chose former Massachusetts Senator Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. as his running mate. His Democratic opponent was John F. Kennedy, and the race remained close for the duration. -
Invasion of Cambodia
President Richard Nixon declared to a television audience that the American military troops, accompanied by the South Vietnamese People's Army, were to invade Cambodia. The invasion was under the pretext of disrupting the North Vietnamese supply lines. -
Kent State Shootings
Students protesting the bombing of Cambodia by United States military forces, clashed with Ohio National Guardsmen on the Kent State University campus. When the Guardsmen shot and killed four students on May 4, the Kent State Shootings became the focal point of a nation deeply divided by the Vietnam War. -
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Born in the wake of elevated concern about environmental pollution, EPA was established on December 2, 1970 to consolidate in one agency a variety of federal research, monitoring, standard-setting and enforcement activities to ensure environmental protection. -
Egypt-Israel Peace Treaty
On this day in 1979, Egypt and Israel, after having fought four wars since 1948, concluded a formal peace treaty. It was signed by Egyptian President Anwar Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin and witnessed by President Jimmy Carter at a ceremony on the South Lawn of the White House. -
Pentagon Papers
A classified study of the Vietnam War that was carried out by the Department of Defense. An official of the department, Daniel Ellsberg, gave copies of the study in 1971 to the New York Times and Washington Post. -
26th Amendment
18 for military = 18 to vote -
Policy of Detente Begins
Détente is the name given to a period of improved relations between the United States and the Soviet Union that began tentatively in 1971 and took decisive form when President Richard M. Nixon visited the secretary-general of the Soviet Communist party -
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Jimmy Carter
American politician who served as the 39th President of the United States from 1977 to 1981. -
Title IX
On June 23, 1972, the President signed Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972.Title IX is a comprehensive federal law that prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex in any federally funded education program or activity. -
Watergate Scandal
An incident in the presidency of Richard Nixon that led to his resignation. In June 1972, burglars in the pay of Nixon's campaign committee broke into offices of the Democratic party. -
Nixon Visits China
On February 21, 1972, President Richard M. Nixon arrived in China for an official trip. He was the first U.S. president to visit the People's Republic of China since it was established in 1949 -
War Powers Resolution
A federal law intended to check the President's power to commit the US to an armed conflict without the consent of Congress; requires the President to notify Congress 48 hours of committing armed forces to military action and forbids armed forces from remaining for more than 60 days -
Roe v Wade
Roe v. Wade, is a landmark decision issued in 1973 by the United States Supreme Court on the issue of the constitutionality of laws that criminalized or restricted access to abortions. -
Engaged Species Act
The Endangered Species Act of 1973 (ESA) was signed on December 28, 1973, and provides for the conservation of species that are endangered or threatened throughout all or a significant portion of their range, and the conservation of the ecosystems on which they depend -
OPEC Oil Embargo
Oil Embargo, 1973–1974. During the 1973 Arab-Israeli War, Arab members of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) imposed an embargo against the United States in retaliation for the U.S. decision to re-supply the Israeli military and to gain leverage in the post-war peace negotiations. -
First Cell-Phones
The world's first mobile phone call was made on April 3, 1973, when Martin Cooper, a senior engineer at Motorola, called a rival telecommunications company and informed them he was speaking via a mobile phone. -
United States v. Nixon
United States v. Nixon, was a landmark United States Supreme Court case which resulted in a unanimous decision against President Richard Nixon, ordering him to deliver tape recordings and other subpoenaed materials to a federal district court. -
Ford Pardons Nixon
A presidential pardon of Richard Nixon was issued on September 8, 1974, by President Gerald Ford, which granted his predecessor Richard Nixon a full and unconditional pardon for any crimes he might have committed against the United States while president. -
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General Ford
American politician who served as the 38th President of the United States from August 1974 to January 1977. -
Fall of Saigon
Capture of the capital of South Vietnam in 1975 by Viet Cong and North Vietnamese forces; ended the Vietnam War and started reunification of Vietnam under a communist regime -
Bill Gates Starts Microsoft
Paul Allen was hired into MITS, and Gates took a leave of absence from Harvard to work with him in Albuquerque in November 1975. They officially established Microsoft' on 4 April 1975, with Gates as the CEO. Gates never returned to Harvard. -
National Rifle Associate (NRA) Lobbying Begins
The National Rifle Association of America (NRA) is an American nonprofit organization that advocates for gun rights. Founded in 1871, the group has informed its members about firearm-related bills since 1934, and it has directly lobbied for and against legislation since 1975. -
Steve Jobs Starts Apple
In 1976, when Jobs was just 21, he and Steve Wozniak started Apple Computer in the Jobs' family garage -
Community Reinvestment Act of 1977
The Community Reinvestment Act is intended to encourage depository institutions to help meet the credit needs of the communities in which they operate, including low- and moderate-income neighborhoods, consistent with safe and sound operations. -
Camp David Accords
The Camp David Accords were signed by Egyptian President Anwar El Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin on 17 September 1978, following twelve days of secret negotiations at Camp David. The two framework agreements were signed at the White House, and were witnessed by United States President Jimmy Carter. -
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Iran Hostage Crisis
On November 4, 1979, a group of Iranian students stormed the U.S. Embassy in Tehran, taking more than 60 American hostages. ... The students set their hostages free on January 21, 1981, 444 days after the crisis began and just hours after President Ronald Reagan delivered his inaugural address. -
Conservative Resurgence
Conservative Resurgence while its detractors labeled it the Fundamentalist Takeover. It was launched with the charge that the seminaries and denominational agencies were dominated by liberals -
AIDS Epidemic
Since the first AIDS cases were reported in the United States in June 1981, the number of cases and deaths among persons with AIDS increased rapidly during the 1980s followed by substantial declines in new cases and deaths in the late 1990s. -
War on Drugs
In June 1971, President Nixon declared a “war on drugs.” He dramatically increased the size and presence of federal drug control agencies, and pushed through measures such as mandatory sentencing and no-knock warrants. -
"Trickle Down Economics"
Trickle-down economics, also referred to as trickle-down theory, is an economic theory that advocates reducing taxes on businesses and the wealthy in society as a means to stimulate business investment in the short term and benefit society at large in the long term. -
Sandra Day O'Connor Appointed to U.S Supreme Court
Sandra Day O'Connor (born March 26, 1930) is a retired Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, serving from her appointment in 1981 by Ronald Reagan to 2006. She was the first woman to serve on the Court. -
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Ronald Reagan
American politician and actor who served as the 40th President of the United States from 1981 to 1989. Prior to the presidency, he was a Hollywood actor and union leader before serving as the 33rd Governor of California from 1967 to 1975. -
Marines in Lebanon
October 23, 1983 - 241 US service personnel -- including 220 Marines and 21 other service personnel -- are killed by a truck bomb at a Marine compound in Beirut, Lebanon. Three hundred service members had been living at the four-story building at the airport in Beirut. -
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George H. W. Bush
George Herbert Walker Bush (1924-), served as the 41st U.S. president from 1989 to 1993. He also was a two-term U.S. vice president under Ronald Reagan, from 1981 to 1989. Bush, a World War II naval aviator and Texas oil industry executive, began his political career in the U.S. House of Representatives in 1967. -
Iran-Contra Affair
A political scandal in the United States that occurred during the second term of the Reagan Administration. -
The Oprah Winfrey Show First Airs
'The Oprah Winfrey Show' First Episode: THR's 1986 Review. On Sept. 8, 1986, the first edition of The Oprah Winfrey Show aired nationally -
"Mr.Gorbachev, Tear Down This Wall!"
"Tear down this wall!" is a line from a speech made by US President Ronald Reagan in West Berlin on June 12, 1987, calling for the leader of the Soviet Union, Mikhail Gorbachev, to open up the barrier which had divided West and East Berlin since 1961. -
End of Cold War
The end of the Cold War. When Mikhail Gorbachev assumed the reins of power in the Soviet Union in 1985, no one predicted the revolution he would bring. A dedicated reformer, Gorbachev introduced the policies of glasnost and perestroika to the USSR -
Berlin Wall Falls
The Berlin Wall: The Fall of the Wall. On November 9, 1989, as the Cold War began to thaw across Eastern Europe, the spokesman for East Berlin's Communist Party announced a change in his city's relations with the West. Starting at midnight that day, he said, citizens of the GDR were free to cross the country's borders -
Germany Reunification
With the gradual waning of Soviet power in the late 1980s, the Communist Party in East Germany began to lose its grip on power. Tens of thousands of East Germans began to flee the nation, and by late 1989 the Berlin Wall started to come down. -
Iraq Invades Kuwait
In early 1990 Iraq was accusing Kuwait of stealing Iraqi petroleum through slant drilling, although some Iraqi sources indicated Saddam Hussein's decision to attack Kuwait was made a few months before the actual invasion -
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Persian Gulf War
Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein ordered the invasion and occupation of neighboring Kuwait in early August 1990. ... Hussein defied United Nations Security Council demands to withdraw from Kuwait by mid-January 1991, and the Persian Gulf War began with a massive U.S.-led air offensive known as Operation Desert Storm. -
Operation Desert Storm
The Gulf War, code named Operation Desert Shield for operations leading to the buildup of troops and defense of Saudi Arabia and Operation Desert Storm in its combat phase, was a war waged by coalition forces -
Rodney King
Beating by LAPD. Born on April 2, 1965, in Sacramento, California, Rodney Glen King was an African American who became a symbol of racial tension in America, after his beating by Los Angeles police officers in 1991 was videotaped and broadcast to the nation. -
Soviet Union Collapses
On December 25, 1991, the Soviet hammer and sickle flag lowered for the last time over the Kremlin, thereafter replaced by the Russian tricolor. Earlier in the day, Mikhail Gorbachev resigned his post as president of the Soviet Union, leaving Boris Yeltsin as president of the newly independent Russian state. -
Ms.Adcox Born
Ms. Adcox is born -
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Bill Clintion
William Jefferson Clinton (né Blythe III; born August 19, 1946) is an American politician who served as the 42nd President of the United States from 1993 to 2001. -
Contract with America
The 1994 elections resulted in Republicans gaining 54 House and 9 U.S. Senate seats. When the Republicans gained this majority of seats in the 104th Congress, the Contract was seen as a triumph by party leaders such as Minority Whip Newt Gingrich, Dick Armey, and the American conservative movement in general. -
NAFTA Founded
The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) is an agreement signed by Canada, Mexico, and the United States and entered into force on 1 January 1994 in order to establish a trilateral trade bloc in North America -
O.J Simpson's "Trail of the Century"
Amid a moderately successful post-playing career as an actor and broadcaster, Simpson was charged with murder of his former wife and Goldman in 1994. He was acquitted in a high-profile criminal trial, though he was found liable for their deaths in civil court -
Bill Clinton Impeachment
The impeachment process of Bill Clinton was initiated by the House of Representatives on December 19, 1998, against Bill Clinton, the 42nd President of the United States, on two charges, one of perjury and one of obstruction of justice. -
9/11 (September 11, 2001)
On 11 September 2001 (known as 9/11 in America), Islamist extremists hijacked four planes that were flying above the US. Two of them were flown into the twin towers of the World Trade Center in New York. Another was crashed into the Pentagon, the top military building in the capital city, Washington DC -
War on Terror
The War on Terror, also known as the Global War on Terrorism, is an international military campaign that was launched by the U.S. government after the September 11 attacks in the U.S. in 2001. -
USA Patriot Act
The USA PATRIOT Act is an Act of Congress that was signed into law by President George W. Bush on October 26, 2001. With its ten-letter abbreviation (USA PATRIOT) expanded, the full title is “Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001” -
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George W. Bush
George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is an American politician who served as the 43rd president of the United States from 2001 to 2009. He was also the 46th governor of Texas from 1995 to 2000. -
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War in Afghanistan
The United States invasion of Afghanistan occurred after the September 11 attacks in late 2001, supported by allies including the United Kingdom. U.S. President George W. Bush demanded that the Taliban hand over Osama bin Laden and expel al-Qaeda from Afghanistan. -
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Mary Shorungbe Born
My birth -
NASA Mars Rover Mission Begins
The Mars Exploration Rover mission is part of NASA's Mars Exploration Program, a long-term effort of robotic exploration of the red planet. ... After the airbag-protected landing craft settled onto the surface and opened, the rovers rolled out to take panoramic images. -
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Iraq War
The Iraq War was a protracted armed conflict that began in 2003 with the invasion of Iraq by a United States-led coalition that overthrew the government of Saddam Hussein. ... Iraqi forces were quickly overwhelmed as U.S. forces swept through the country. -
Facebook Launched
The origins of Facebook have been in dispute since the very week a 19-year-old Mark Zuckerberg launched the site as a Harvard sophomore on February 4, 2004. Then called "thefacebook.com," the site was an instant hit. -
Hurricane Katrina
The hurricane subsequently weakened, and Katrina made its second landfall at 1110 UTC on August 29 as a Category 3 hurricane with sustained winds of 125 mph (200 km/h) near Buras-Triumph, Louisiana. -
Saddam Hussein Exectued
The execution of Saddam Hussein took place on Saturday, 30 December 2006. Saddam was sentenced to death by hanging, after being convicted of crimes against humanity by the Iraqi Special Tribunal for the murder of 148 Iraqi Shi'ites in the town of Dujail in 1982, in retaliation for an assassination attempt against him. -
IPhone Released
On January 2, 2007, Steve Jobs announced iPhone at the Macworld convention, receiving substantial media attention. Jobs announced that the first iPhone would be released later that year. On June 29, 2007, the first iPhone was released. -
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009
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Hilary Clinton Appointed U.S Secretary of State
The Secretary of State, appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate, is the President's chief foreign affairs adviser. The Secretary carries out the President's foreign policies through the State Department and the Foreign Service of the United States -
Sonia Sotomayor to U.S Supreme Court
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Barack Obama
On November 4, 2008, Senator Barack Obama of Illinois was elected president of the United States over Senator John McCain of Arizona. Obama became the 44th president, and the first African American to be elected to that office. He was subsequently elected to a second term over former Massachusetts governor Mitt Romney. -
Arab Spring
The causes of the Arab Spring, or as some call it, Arab Awakening, were many and long-gathering. For decades, Arab populations had faced repression of free speech, human rights abuses, economic mismanagement, corruption and stifling of political dissent. -
Osama Bin Laden Killed
Osama bin Mohammed bin Awad bin Laden was born in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, a son of Yemeni Mohammed bin Awad bin Laden, a billionaire construction magnate with close ties to the Saudi royal family, and Mohammed bin Laden's tenth wife, Syrian Hamida al-Attas ( -
Space X Falcon 9
The Falcon Heavy is a large cargo-lifting rocket developed by private spaceflight company SpaceX. -
Donald Trump Elected President
45th and current President of the United States, in office since January 20, 2017. Before entering politics, he was a businessman and television personality
