-
1215
Magna Carta
King John of England signed the Magna Carta which moved England from rule of man to rule of law -
1215
Limited Government
Started when King John signed the Magna Carta -
Jamestown's House of Burgesses
-
Mayflower Compact
-
Petition of Right
Required monarchs to obtain Parliamentary approval before levying new taxes -
Individual Rights
King Charles required to sign the Petition of Right -
English Bill of Rights
Free speech and protection from cruel and unusual punishment guaranteed -
Sugar Act
-
Stamp Act
First direct tax on paper goods and legal documents -
Boston Massacre
British soldiers fired into crowd, 5 colonists died -
Boston Tea Party
Dumped British Tea into the harbor -
Intolerable Acts
Quartering of British troops -
Declaration of Independence
Signed by the delegates to the Second Continental Congress -
Shay's Rebellion
Massachusetts farmers rebelled over prospect of losing land -
Northwest Ordinance
Established a plan for setting the Northwest Territory. Disputed lands, created a system for admitting states to the union, banned slavery in the territory, and guided nation's western expansion -
The Constitutional Convention
Drafting a new constitution -
Judiciary Act
Established a Three-tiered Judicial Structure. 1. District Courts 2. Circuit Courts 3. Supreme Court -
Marbury vs. Madison
Power of judicial review -
12th Amendment
Allows the President to choose VP -
McCulloch vs. Maryland
Power to tax is power to destroy -
Gibbsons v. Ogden
Right of a state legislature to award a monopoly to operate a steamship line between NY and NJ -
Chief Justice John Marshall
1801-1835. Began to expand the power of the Supreme Court -
Seneca Falls Convention
First national woman's rights convention in the US.
Called for equal rights in voting, education, and property -
Dred Scott vs. Sanford
Slave sued his and his family's freedom after being taken to a free state -
Morrill Act
Granted large tracts of land to states; states sold land and used the money for colleges -
Chinese Exclusion Act
Ended Chinese immigration to the US -
17th Amendment
Direct election of Senators -
16th Amendment
Gave congress authority to set a federal income tax -
Radio
Radio became the first form of electronic media -
19th Amendment
Gave women the right to vote -
Native Americans
Granted citizenship in 1924 -
Dual Federalism
1789-1930s. Both state and national governments were equal authorities operating within their own spheres of influence -
United States v. Miller
Ruled 2nd Amendment does not protect the right to have all types of weapons. -
Minersville School District vs. Gobits
The Supreme Court ruled that a child could be expelled for refusing to salute the American flag or recite the pledge (these actions violated the child’s religious beliefs) -
U.S. v. Darby
Upheld Fair Labor Standards Act; Commerce Clause allows Congress to regulate employment conditions -
Executive Order 9066
FDR required all people of Japanese descent on the West Coast to report to "War Relocation Centers" (internment camps)
120,000 left their homes and businesses and 80,000 remained in camps until the war was over. -
West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette
The court reversed itself and decided unity was not a sufficient reason to overrule religious beliefs. -
Korematsu v. the United States
Upheld involuntary internment of ethnically Japanese American citizens -
National Security Council
Coordinates national security policy -
Brown v. Board
Ruled segregation is illegal, "Separate is inherently unequal" -
Hernandez v. Texas
The first and only Mexican-American civil-rights case heard and decided by the United States Supreme Court -
Great Society
Government program to eliminate poverty and social inequality -
Creative Federalism
Released national funds to achieve national goals -
Civil Rights Act of 1960
Empowered the federal government to actively engage in voter registration in places where voting discrimination had been found -
Edwards v. South Carolina
187 African-American students gathered at the state capitol to protest racial injustice. Students did not end protest when police told them to and were arrested. Court said the state had no authority to disperse the students, as they were protesting legally. -
Equal Pay Act
Established equal pay for men and women -
Civil Rights Act
Outlaws discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin -
Miranda v. Arizona
Expanded rights of people accused of crimes, "Miranda Rights" -
Loving V. Virginia
Struck down all state laws banning interracial marriage -
Age Discrimination in Employment Act
Protects applicants and employees of 40+ years old from discrimination based on age in hiring, promotion, discharge, compensation, privileges, etc. of employment -
Tinker v. Des Moines
Ruled that schools couldn’t prevent students from protesting the Vietnam War -
War Power Resolution
President must consult with Congress before sending troops -
New Federalism
Returned some authority to state governments -
Americans with Disabilities Act
Prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in all areas of public life, including jobs, schools, transportation, and all public and private places that are open to the general public -
Issues in Federalism today
Congress gave states authority to manage welfare systems with block grants -
Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigration Responsibility Act
Increased border control; easier to deport aliens, increased penalties for smuggling people in the country -
D.C. v. Heller
Ruled the 2nd Amendment protects an individual's right to keep and bear arms for self-defense -
Obergefell v. Hodges
Ruled states must grant and recognize same-sex marriage -
Trump v. Hawaii
Court ruled a ban on immigration from majority-Muslim countries did not violate the Establishment Clause -
McDonald v. Chicago
Ruled 2nd Amendment applies to federal, state, and local governments; upheld 2nd Amendment
