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Period: Dec 11, 1474 to Nov 26, 1504
Isabella I
Was Queen of Castila, she was married to Ferdinand II of Aragon, they both made the political unification of Spain under their grandson, Holy Roman Emperor Charles V. She reorganized the governmental system, brought the crime rate to the lowest it had been in years,complete the Reconquista,exile of Muslim and Jewish in the Spanish Inquisition, and supporting and financing Christopher Columbus 1492 voyage that made Spain dominate Europe and most of the world. -
Mar 31, 1492
Jesuists expelled from Spain
The expulsion of the Jews from Spain was ordered in 1492 by the Catholic Monarchs through the Edict of Granada to prevent them from continuing to influence the new Christians so that they would Judaize. The decision to expel Jews , or to ban Judaism is related to the establishment of the Inquisition in the Crown of Castile and the Crown of Aragon, precisely because it was created to persecute the Judeoconverses who continued to practice their old faith. -
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Charles II
Charles II was king of England, Scotland and Ireland. He was king of Scotland from 1649 until his deposition in 1651, and king of England, Scotland and Ireland from the restoration of the monarchy in 1660 until his death. -
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War of Spanish Succession
Conflict that arose out of the disputed succession to the throne of Spain following the death of the childless Charles II, the last of the Spanish Habsburgs. In an effort to regulate the impending succession, to which there were three principal claimants, England, the Dutch Republic, and France. Prince Joseph Ferdinand, son of the elector of Bavaria, should inherit Spain, the Spanish Netherlands, and the Spanish colonies. -
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Joseph I
Joseph of Habsburg and Neoburgo was an archduke of Austria and later Emperor Romano-Germanic like Joseph I. Also was king of Hungary and Bohemia.He was Archduke of Austria from his birth, king of Hungary from 1687, King of Romans from 6 January 1690 and Emperor of the Holy Roman Germanic Empire from 1705 until his death. -
New Foundation decrees
They are a set of decrees promulgated between 1707 and 1716, by King Philip V Bourbon in which the laws and institutions of the Kingdom of Valencia and the Kingdom of Aragon were abolished on June 29 of 1707, the Kingdom of Mallorca on 15 of November of 1715 and of Catalonia the 16 of January of 1716. -
Treaty of Utrecht
Established the Peace of Utrecht, comprised a series of individual peace treaties signed in the Dutch city of Utrecht in 1713. Concluded between various European states, it helped end the War of the Spanish Succession (1702-1713).
England retained the island of menorca and the square of gibraltar won in a battle. -
Salic law
A code of laws of the Salian Franks and other Germanic tribes, especially a provision in this code excluding females from the inheritance of land. -
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Floridablanca
Count of Floridablanca was a Spanish politician who exerted the position of Secretary of State between 1777 and 1792 and presided over the Junta Central suprema created in 1808 -
Family Compacts
They are three:The first Family Compact was made on November 7 of 1733 by King Philip V of Spain and King Louis XV of France in the Treaty of the Escorial. The second one was made on October 25 of 1743 again by King Philip V of Spain and King Louis XV of France in the Treaty of Fontainebleau and the third one was made on 15 August of 1761 by King Charles III of Spain and Louis XV in the Treaty of Paris. -
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Jovellanos
Jovellanos was an Spanish writer, jurist and politician. -
Canal de Castilla
The channel of Castilla is one of the most important hydraulic engineering works carried out between the middle of the eighteenth century and the first third of the nineteenth in Spain. It crosses part of the provinces of Burgos, Palencia and Valladolid in the autonomous community of Castilla y Leon (Spain) and was made to facilitate the transport of the wheat of Castile towards the ports of the north and from there to other markets. -
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Charles III
Carlos III known as the best major of Madrid, was an unusual and unrepeatable ruler. He always tried to legislate in order to improve the lives of his citizens instead of adding suffering to them,Carlos served family policy as a piece in the struggle to regain Spanish influence in Italy and he inherited from his mother the duchies of Parma and Plasencia. -
Esquilache Riots
The Esquilache Riots occurred in March in 1766 during the rule of Charles III of Spain. Caused mostly by the growing discontent in Madrid about the rising costs of bread and other staples, they were sparked off by a series of measures regarding Spaniards' apparel that had been enacted by Leopoldo de Gregorio, Marqués de Esquilache, a Neapolitan minister whom Charles favored. -
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Charles IV
Charles IV of Spain, called "El Cazador", was king of Spain fom 1788 until his abdication on 1808, son and successor of Charles III and Maria Amalia de Sajonia. -
Execution of Louis XVI
The execution of Louis XVI was an event during the French Revolution, in which the French king, Louis XVI, was sentenced to death by the National Convention under the influence of the Templars and beheaded using the guillotine at the Place de la Révolution .François-Thomas Germain, Master of the Parisian Templars, organized the execution of the king as a step to his plan to control France. -
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War of the Pyrenees
This war is also known as War of Roussillon was the Pyrenean front of the First Coalition's war against the First French Republic. It pitted Revolutionary France against the kingdoms of Spain and Portugal during the French Revolutionary Wars.The Committee of Public Safety decreed that all French royalist prisoners be executed and French generals who lost battles or otherwise displeased the all powerful representatives-on mission were sent to prison or the guillotine. -
Treaty of San Ildelfonso
Was a treaty between France and Spain in which Spain returned the colonial territory of Louisiana to France. The treaty was between Louis Alexandre Berthier representing France and Don Mariano Luis de Urquijo for Spain. -
Napoleon crowned himself as emperor
Napoleon called his new crown the Crown of Charlemagne, Napoleon crowned himself as emperor of France,and cold not be removed from power.There were two national assemblies,with members chosen by Napoleon from candidates elected by people.All men could vote,but after 1804,there were no elections.All laws were made by the assemblies. -
Battle of Trafalgar
The Battle of Trafalgar was a naval engagement fought by the British Royal Navy against the combined fleets of the French and Spanish Navies, during the War of the Third CoalitionThe battle of Trafalgar, also known as the Battle of Trafalgar under the third coalition initiated by the United Kingdom, Austria, Russia, Naples and Sweden to try to overthrow To Napoleon Bonaparte of the imperial throne and to dissolve the French military influence in Europe. -
Treaty of Fontainebleau
The Treaty of Fontainebleau was signed in the French city of Fontainebleau between the representatives of Manuel Godoy, valued by the King of Spain Charles IV of Bourbon, and Napoleon I Bonaparte, Emperor of the French. It stipulated the Franco-Spanish joint military invasion of Portugal , which had joined England,and allowed the French troops to pass through Spanish territory, this was rhe antecedent of the subsequent French invasion of the Iberian peninsula and the Spanish War of Independence. -
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Ferdinand VII
Fernando VII of Spain was king of Spain,after the expulsion of "El intruso" Jose I Bonaparte and its return to the country. 3 perids:first one-Between 1814 and 1820 restored absolutism, repealing the Constitution of Cadiz and chasing the liberals,second period-
In 1820 liberal triennium, during the Constitution and decrees of Cadiz were restablished, resulting in a new confiscation and restore absolutism, which was achieved after the intervention of Cien mil hijos de San Luis in 1823. -
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Peninsular war
Military conflict between Napoleon's empire and the allied powers of Spain, Britain and Portugal for control of the Iberian Peninsula during the Napoleonic Wars. The war started when French and Spanish armies invaded and occupied Portugal in 1807.The war on the peninsula lasted until the Sixth Coalition defeated Napoleon in 1814, and is one of the first wars of national liberation. -
Abdications of Bayonne
The Abdications of Bayonne is the name given to a series of forced abdications of the Kings of Spain that led to what the Spanish War of Independence, which overlaps with the Peninsular War. The failed El Escorial Conspiracy preceded the Mutiny of Aranjuez, which forced King Charles IV to abdicate the throne to his son Ferdinand VII in 1808 by order of the Spanish Royal Council. -
First Spanish Constitution
Spain’s first constitution was drawn up in Cadiz, enshrining the rights of Spanish citizens and limiting the power of the monarchy. Although it was not enacted for some years, its influence was considerable, both within peninsular Spain and its territories around the world. -
Riego's Pronunciamiento
Was a military "coup d'etat", carried out by the commander Rafael de Riego in Cabezas de San Juan (Sevilla), the pronunciamiento arose between the officers of the troops destined to fight against the American uprising, due to the existence of a great discomfort in the army in 1819, by the exclusion of the liberals from the government, that contributed to its later success. -
Cien mil Hijos de San Luis
Cien mil hijos de San Luis were a French contingent with Spanish volunteers who fought in Spain in defense of the Old regime, by which Ferdinand VII of Spain advocated, putting an end to The Realist War and the Liberal Triennium and they helped Ferdinand VII of Spain restore his absolute powers lost after the uprising of Colonel Riego and the subsequent oath of the Constitution of 1812. -
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Three Carlists Wars
The Carlist Wars were a series of civil wars that took place in Spain during the 19th century.
The First Carlist War: (1833–1840) the main conflict centered on the Basque Country and Aragon, Catalonia and Valencia.
The Second Carlist War: (1846–1849) was a minor Catalan uprising. The rebels tried to install Carlos VI on the throne.
The Third Carlist War:(1872–1876) Queen Isabella II was overthrown by a conspiracy of liberal generals and left Spain in disgrace. -
Spanish Glorious Revolution
Revolution started by the Spanish liberal movement as an answer to the increasingly conservative and dictatorial monarchy of Isabel II. Leaders of the revolution eventually recruited an Italian prince, Amadeo of Savoy, as king. His reign lasted two years, and he was replaced by the first Spanish Repunlic. -
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Amadeus of Savoy
Amadeo I of Spain, called "El Electo", was king of Spain between 1871 and 1873. He was also the first Duke Of Aosta. Its reign in Spain (little more than two years), was marked by the political instability. The six cabinets that succeeded during this period were not able to solve the crisis, aggravated by the conflict of independence in Cuba, which had begun in 1868, and the third Carlist war, begun in 1872. -
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First Republic
Was the short-lived political regime that existed in Spain between the parliamentary proclamation when General Arsenio Martínez-Campos's pronunciamento marked the beginning of the Bourbon Restoration in Spain. On 11 February the republic was declared by a parliamentary majority made up of radicals, republicans and democrats. -
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Cuban War
The Cuban War is the last war by the independence of the Cubans against the Spanish dominion and it is one of the last American wars against the Kingdom of Spain . The war began in a simultaneous uprising of 35 Cuban towns in the Grito de Oriente and ended in 1898 with the surrender of the Spanish colonial army to the US military advance, with The assistance and support of the members of the Cuban independence army in what is generally known as the Spanish-American War.
