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13th Amendment
The 13th amendment stated that “Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction”. In simple terms this was the official abolishment of slavery in the United States -
14th Amendment(G)
Rights of citizenship, due process of law, and equal protection of the law. The 14th amendment has become one of the most used amendments in court to date regarding the equal protection clause. -
15th Amendment(G)
This amendment granted African American men the right to vote but included a lot of loopholes that were later exploited by many. -
Tuskegee Institute created (P)
Founded by Civil Rights Activist Booker T washington, the Tuskegee Institute was created to teach African American students agriculture, industry, and was created to promote economic progress for the African American race. -
Plessy v. Ferguson(G)
Plessy vs Ferguson was a test trial that created the doctrine “separate but equal” stating that segregation was okay as long as both races had equal facilities. Although they were supposed to be equal they never were. -
19th Amendment(G)
Women's Suffrage. Women got the right to vote. -
Executive Order 9981(G)
Signed by President Harry S Truman, this was an executive order establishing the desegregation of the military following World War II. This integrated the segregated military. -
Brown v. Board of Education (G)
This was a test case where Brown sued the education of topeka saying that it was unconstitutional for them to segregation Brown based off of his race. The court decided that it was unconstitutional and violated the 14th amendment. This got rid of segregation in schools (in theory). -
Montgomery Bus Boycott(P)
A civil rights protest where African Americans refused to ride on the bus in order for them to lose profit. This was because African Americans were forced to give up their seats for white people and they were forced to sit in the back of the bus. This eventually caused congress to look at the segregation occurring on the buses which led them to declare it unconstitutional. -
Little Rock 9 (B)
During the time when schools were becoming desegregated 9 African American students took on the challenge of going to a public school. The governor of the state sent in the states military to stop them which caused the president to send in his military to stop the state military. Only 9 African Americans students took on this challenge because the rest of them were scared (and rightfully so) of the discrimination that they would face. -
Civil Rights Act of 1957 (G)
President Eisenhower passed the civil rights act of 1957 which was the first civil rights legislation that the government had passed since 1875. This bill provided voting rights for African Americans and protected their rights. However this act was not super effective. -
Dr. King’s: “Letter from a Birmingham Jail”(B)
After being arrested during peaceful protest, King received a letter from a priest asking him to stop because it was giving them bad representation. This letter was a response to the priest stating that he would protest and this is where he shared his ideas on civil disobedience and how people should participate in it to fight for civil rights. -
March on Washington: “I have a dream” speech(P)
Thousands of people marched to Washington to hear MLK address all of the supporters of the civil rights movement. In this speech, presented in front of the Lincoln Memorial on the anniversary of the emancipation proclamation, MLK shared his dream of a future where there would be no more segregation and where there would be kids of all races playing together in harmony and where racism would be no more. -
Civil Rights Act of 1964 (G)
Prohibited discrimination on the basis of sex, race, color, religion, and national origin. This is true within all scenarios of the rule like hiring, promoting, and firing. MLK helped push for this act to be passed and was even there when it was passed. -
March from Selma, Alabama (P)
The march from Selma Alabama to Montgomery was to bring awareness to the civil rights movement that was occuring in America. This unfortunately brought about bloody sunday where the police stopped the people from their walk and started beating them. This drove the protestors back to Selma. -
Thurgood Marshall appointed to the Supreme Court(B)
Marshall was appointed to the Supreme Court by Lyndon Johnson. Marshall was the first African American to be appointed to the Supreme COurt and fought for desegregation and equality. Marshall also represented famous figures like Rosa Parks in court before he was appointed to the supreme court. -
MLK Assassinated (B)
Occuring in Memphis Tennessee, civil rights leader MLK was assassinated at the Lorraine Motel. MLK was known for his nonviolent protest and civil disobedience. MLK was a prominent leader in the fight for African Americans civil rights and there is a conspiracy with MLK’s assassination involving the government. -
Sandra Day O’Connor appointed to the Supreme Court (B)
Sandra Day O’Connor was the first woman to be appointed to the supreme court justice. She was appointed by President Reagan and retired in 2005. -
Sonia Sotomayor appointed to the Supreme Court(B)
Sotomayor was the first latina supreme court member and was appointed by Barack Obama.
