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Insulin
In October 1920, Canadian Frederick Banting was reading one of Minkowski's papers and concluded that it was the very digestive secretions that Minkowski had originally studied that were breaking down the islet secretion(s), thereby making it impossible to extract successfully. He jotted a note to himself: "Ligate pancreatic ducts of the dog. Keep dogs alive till acini degenerate leaving islets. Try to isolate internal secretion of these and relieve glycosurea. -
KKK
One group -the Blacks - had been brought there against their will and after the success of the northern states during the Civil War and the freeing of the Blacks from slavery in 1865, a sinister group was established which was designed to spread fear throughout the Black population that still lived in the southern states. This was the KKK. Only WASP’s could belong to it — White Anglo-SaxonProtestants. It is a common myth that the KKK targeted only the Blacks - also hated were the Jews, Catholics -
Tea Pot Dome
One of the politicains who opposed the conservation was Senator Albert B. Fall who became Warren Harding's Secretary of the Interior in 1921. Fall, upon becoming the Secretary of the Interior, convinced Secretary of the Navy Edwin Denby to turn the control of the oil fields over to him. Fall then moved to lease the Teapot Dome to Harry Sinclair's Mammoth Oil Company and the Elk Hills reserve to Edward Doheny's Pan American Petroleum Company. -
Saint Valentine’s Day massacre
Two of the shooters were dressed as uniformed police officers, while the others wore suits, ties, overcoats and hats, according to witnesses who saw the "police" leading the other men at gunpoint out of the garage after the shooting. John May's German Shepherd, Highball, who was leashed to a truck, began howling and barking, attracting the attention of two women who operated boarding houses across the street. One of them, Mrs. Landesman, sensed that something was dreadfully wrong. -
Stock Crash
As more people invested in the stock market, stock prices began to rise. This was first noticeable in 1925. Stock prices then bobbed up and down throughout 1925 and 1926, followed by a strong upward trend in 1927. The strong bull market (when prices are rising in the stock market) enticed even more people to invest. And by 1928, a stock market boom had begun. -
Empire State Building
The Empire State Building rises to 1,250 ft (381 m) at the 102nd floor, and including the 203 ft (62 m) pinnacle, its full height reaches 1,453 ft–89⁄16 in (443.09 m). The building has 85 stories of commercial and office space representing 2,158,000 sq ft (200,500 m2). It has an indoor and outdoor observation deck on the 86th floor. The remaining 16 stories represent the Art Deco tower, which is capped by a 102nd-floor observatory. Atop the tower is the 203 ft (62 m) pinnacle. -
Holocaust
The Nazis targeted Jews, Gypsies, homosexuals, Jehovah’s Witnesses, twins, and the disabled. Some of these people tried to hide from the Nazis, like Anne Frank and her family. A few were successful; most were not. Those that were captured suffered sterilization, forced resettlement, separation from family and friends, beatings, torture, starvation, and/or death. -
New Deal
Roosevelt entered office without a specific set of plans for dealing with the Great Depression; so he improvised as Congress listened to a very wide variety of voices.Among Roosevelt's more famous advisers was an informal "Brain Trust": a group that tended to view pragmatic government intervention in the economy positively. His choice for Secretary of Labor, Frances Perkins, greatly influenced his initiatives. -
Prohibition
Women Christian Temperance Union, had been pivotal in bringing about national Prohibition in the United States of America, believing it would protect families, women and children from the effects of abuse of alcohol. The sale of alcohol was illegal, but alcoholic drinks were still widely available. People also kept private bars to serve their guests. Large quantities of alcohol were smuggled in from Canada, overland, by sea along both ocean coasts, and via the Great Lakes. The government cracked -
Dustbowl
Dust Bowl conditions fomented an exodus of the displaced from Texas, Oklahoma, and the surrounding Great Plains to adjacent regions. More than 500,000 Americans were left homeless. Over 350 houses had to be torn down after one storm alone. Many Americans migrated west looking for work. Some residents of the Plains, especially in Kansas and Oklahoma, fell ill and died of dust pneumonia or malnutrition.The Dust Bowl exodus was the largest migration in American history within a short period of time -
Amelia Earheart
Amelia was the first women to recieve the Distinguished Flying Cross. Amelia went missing after she tried to fly her airplane to an island that was way out of the way of the contact system. she was never found. -
Pearl Harbor
Just before 8 o’clock in the morning, hundreds of Japanese fighter airplanes attacked the American naval base on the Pearl Harbor near Honolulu, Hawaii on December 7, 1941. The attack only lasted for 2 hours, but it was horrible. The Japanese were able diminish nearly 20 American vessels, including eight huge battleships, and almost 200 airplanes. Over 2,000 American soldiers were killed in the attack, and another 1,000 were badly wounded. the Italians and Japanese allied, went against US -
Interment camp
The people in the camps had to face other hardships. Many of the camps were located in the desert, and faced unbearable temperatures. The average summer temperatures were over 100 degrees and winter was no better with winter temperatures falling to minus 30 degrees in one of the camps. Meals in the camps were, vegetables and fruit, they also had animals to raise and eat. -
Drop of the Atomic Bomb
Harry S. Truman, the U.S. President, decided to use the atomic bomb to end the war. The nick name of the atomic bomb was called “little boy”. On August 6, five hours later, the atomic bomb. After the atomic bomb exploded it covered 1,900 feet over a hospital, and let go the 12,500 tons of TNT. The bomb had many sentences scribbled on its shell. One of which said “Greetings to the Emperor from the Indianapolis” (the ship that transported the bomb to the Marianas). -
Berlin airlift
Following World War II, a delicate balance of power had surfaced between the once united Allies: Great Britain, the United States, France, and the Soviet Union. The opposing economic structures of capitalism and communism emerged triumphant at the end of the war. The two blossoming superpowers, the United States and the Soviet Union, sought to ensure their permanence by negotiating territorial claims throughout the globe. -
Korean War
The Korean War began on June 25, 1950. The War started when the 75, 000 soldiers decided to go over the 34th parallel, which is the boundary between the Soviet –backed Democrat’s people. The invasion was the first military actions to Cold War. When July came the Americans resided to side with the South Korea. The only thing that American believed was that this war was about communist nations. While this was going the American were working on the North Koreans. -
Disneyland
Walt Disney was a man who created the Disney World. Walt wasn’t only in the creation of Disneyland; he was also a film producer, a director, screen writer, voice actor, animator, entrepreneur, international icon, philanthropist, and even an ambulance driver. He received 59 Academy awards and 26 Oscars. In 1928 during a contract negotiation, he lost to one of his cartoon characters, he then came up to replace the one character with Mickey Mouse. For Mickey, he received an Academy award. -
Sputnik
The launching of Sputnik I by the Soviet Union began the "space war" with the United States. It was the first artifial satellite that was put in to the Earth's orbit. It helped with research of the atmosphere and travels at 18,000 mi per hour and completing an orbit in 96.2 minutes. -
NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration)
The Building of NASA roots, NASA continued to lead many types of cutting-edge aeronautics and research on aerodynamics, wind shear, and other important ideas which used wind tunnels, and computer technology. NASA was very successful X-5 program, which involved a rocket –powered airplane that flies above the atmosphere, and then come back down to earth without being powered, which gives the Shuttle builders with a lot of useful data. -
Cold War
When World War II was still going on, the Soviet Union and the United States fought together as allies against the power Hitler. When they fought together, the two nations had a big tension between them. Americans were already sick of the Russians communism and were really concerned with the leader of Russia, Joseph Stalin. They were concerned because Stalin was hungry for power and wanted to control his nation. Because of what Americans thought of the Russian leader, for this act the soviets r -
First Man in Space
Gagarin became both the first human to travel into space, and the first to orbit the earth. His call sign was Kedr (Siberian Pine: Russia Кедр).In his post-flight report, Gagarin recalled his experience of spaceflight, having been the first human in space:The feeling of weightlessness was somewhat unfamiliar compared with Earth conditions. Here, you feel as if you were hanging in a horizontal position in straps. You feel as if you are suspended. -
Berlin Wall
The version of the ‘Wall’ that started life in 1961, was in fact not a wall but a 96 miles barbed wire fence. However, after this incarnation proved too easy to scale, work started in 1962 on a second fence, parallel to the first but up to 100 yards further in. The area in between the two fences was demolished to create an empty space, which became widely known as "death strip" as it was here that many would-be escapers met their doom. -
Civil Rights Act
Proposed by John F. Kennedy, and signed into law in 1964 by Lyndon Johnson, the Civil Rights Act was a sweeping, comprehensive piece of legislation intended to end discrimination based on race, color, religion, or national origin; it is often called the most important U.S. law on civil rights since Reconstruction (1865–77). -
Vietnam
The Vietnam War was a long, costly armed conflict that pitted the communist regime of North Vietnam and its southern allies, known as the Viet Cong, against South Vietnam and its principal ally, the United States. The war began in 1954 (though conflict in the region stretched back to the mid-1940s), after the rise to power of Ho Chi Minh and his communist Viet Minh party in North Vietnam, and continued against the backdrop of an intense Cold War between two global superpowers. -
Six Day War
In 1963, the Arab Legue decided to introduce a new weapon in its war against Israel the Palestine Liberation Organazation (PLO). The PLO formally came into being during a 1964 meeting of the first Palestinian Congress. Shortly thereafter, the group began to splinter into various factions. Ultimately, the largest faction, Fatah, would come to dominate the organization, and its leader, Yasser Arafat,would become the PLO chairman and most visible symbol. All the groups adhered to a set of princip -
Abortion Legalized
In 1970, New York repealed its 1830 law and allowed abortions up to the 24th week of pregnancy. Similar laws were soon passed in Alaska, Hawaii, and Washington. A law in Washington DC, which allowed abortion to protect the life or health of the woman, was challenged in the Supreme Court in 1971 in United States v. Vuitch . The court upheld the law, deeming that "health" meant "psychological and physical well-being," essentially allowing abortion in Washington, DC. -
Gas Shortage
The 1973 oil crisis started in October 1973, when the members of Organazation of the Arab Patrolium Exporting Countries or the OAPEC (consisting of the Arab members of OPEC, plus Egypt, Syria and Tunisia) proclaimed an oil embargo. This was "in response to the U.S. decision to re-supply the Israeli military" during the Yom Kippur war.It lasted until March 1974. With the U.S. actions seen as initiating the oil embargo and the long term possibility of high oil prices. -
Sears Tower
At the time the Sears tower was constructed in 1974, it was the world's tallest building, eclipsing New York's twin-towered World Trade Center by 25 meter (83 ft). It would keep the title of tallest building in the world until the Petronas twin towers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia were constructed in 1997. -
Jamestown Massacre
Peoples Temple cult leader Jim Jones instructed his followers to commit "revolutionary suicide" by drinking cyanide-laced fruit punch. At the Jonestown compound in Guyana, 912 Peoples Temple members (276 of whom were children) drank the punch and died. Jim Jones died the same day from a gunshot wound to the head. -
Iran Hostage
The hostage crisis was the most dramatic in a series of problems facing Americans at home and abroad in the last year of the Carter presidency. Was Carter to blame for allowing it to happen? It's hard to say, since the hostage crisis was merely the latest event in the long and complex relationship between the United States and Iran. -
Mount Saint Helens
Shaken by an earthquake measuring 5.1 on the Richter scale, the north face of this tall symmetrical mountain collapsed in a massive rock debris avalanche. In a few moments this slab of rock and ice slammed into Spirit Lake, crossed a ridge 1,300 feet high, and roared 14 miles down the Toutle River. -
Lenon Killed
John Lennon was an English musician who gained worldwide fame as one of the founders of The Beatles, for his subsequent solo career, and for his political activism and pacifism. He was shot by Mark David Chapman at the entrance of the building where he lived, The Dakota, in New York City, on Monday, 8 December 1980; Lennon had just returned from Record Plant Studio with his wife, Yoko Ono. -
Star Wars
The film series began with Star Wars, released on May 25, 1977. This was followed by two sequels: The Empire Strikes Back, released on May 21, 1980, and Return of the Jedi, released on May 25, 1983. The opening crawl of the sequels disclosed that they were numbered as "Episode V" and "Episode VI" respectively, though the films were generally advertised solely under their subtitles. Though the first film in the series was simply titled Star Wars, with its 1981 re-release. -
Bombing Beruit
The Beirut Barracks Bombing (October 23, 1983 in Beirut, Lebanon) occurred during the Lebanese Civil War, when two truck bombs struck separate buildings housing United States and French military forces—members of the Multinational Force in Lebanon—killing 299 American and French servicemen. The organization Islamic Jihad claimed responsibility for the bombing. -
Black Monday
In finance, Black Monday refers to Monday October 19, 1987, when stock markets around the world crashed, shedding a huge value in a very short time. The crash began in Hong Kong and spread west to Europe, hitting the United States after other markets had already declined by a significant margin. The Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) dropped by 508 points to 1738.74 (22.61%). -
Gulf War
The Persian Gulf War (2 August 1990 – 28 February 1991), codenamed Operation Desert Storm (17 January 1991 – 28 February 1991) commonly referred to as simply the Gulf War, was a war waged by a UN-authorized coalition force from 34 nations led by the United States, against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion and annexation of Kuwait. -
Desert Storm
Commonly referred to as simply the Gulf War, was a war waged by a UN-authorized coalition force from 34 nations led by the United States, against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion and annexation of Kuwait.The war is also known under other names, such as the First Gulf War, Gulf War I, or the Iraq War, before the term "Iraq War" became identified instead with the 2003 Iraq War (also referred to in the U.S. as "Operation Iraqi Freedom"). -
LA Riot
The 1992 Los Angeles Riots, also known as the Rodney King Riots, South Central Riots, 1992 Los Angeles Civil Unrest, or Sa-I-Gu in the L.A. Korean community (literally "4-2-9" in Korean, in reference to the date of the first day of rioting), were sparked on April 29, 1992, when a jury acquitted three white and one Hispanic Los Angeles Police Department officers accused in the videotaped beating of black motorist Rodney King following a high-speed pursuit. -
Oklahoma Bombing
The blast destroyed or damaged 324 buildings within a sixteen-block radius, destroyed or burned 86 cars, and shattered glass in 258 nearby buildings. The bomb was estimated to have caused at least $652 million worth of damage. Extensive rescue efforts were undertaken by local, state, federal, and worldwide agencies in the wake of the bombing, and substantial donations were received from across the country. -
Dolly Sheep
was a female domestic sheep, and the first mammal to be cloned from an adult somatic cell, using the process of nuclear transfer. She was cloned by Ian Wilmut, Keith Campbell and colleagues at the Roslin Institute and the biotechnology company PPL Therapeutics near Edinburgh in Scotland. She was born on 5 July 1996 and she lived until the age of six, at which point she died from a progressive lung disease. She has been called "the world's most famous sheep" by sources including BBC News. -
9/11
9/11 conspiracy theories are conspiracy theories that disagree with the widely accepted account that the September 11 attacks were perpetrated solely by al-Qaeda, without any detailed advanced knowledge on the part of any government agency. Proponents of these conspiracy theories claim there were inconsistencies in the official conclusions or evidence that was overlooked. In a 2008 global poll of 17 countries, 46% of those surveyed believed al-Qaeda was responsible for the attacks. -
Regan Dies
Reagan led a conservative revolution that set the economic and cultural tone of the 1980s, hastened the end of the Cold War and revitalized the Republican Party. He suffered from Alzheimer's disease since at least late 1994. He died at 93 years of age. -
Tsunami
Wave heights of tens of metres can be generated by large events. Although the impact of tsunamis is limited to coastal areas, their destructive power can be enormous and they can affect entire ocean basins; the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami was among the deadliest natural disasters in human history with over 230,000 people killed in 14 countries bordering the Indian Ocean. -
Virginia Teck Massacre
A school shooting that took place on April 16, 2007, on the campus of Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in Blacksburg, Virginia, United States. Seung-Hui Cho shot and killed 32 people and wounded 17 others in two separate attacks, approximately two hours apart, before committing suicide. (Another 6 people were injured escaping from classroom windows.) The massacre is the deadliest shooting incident by a single gunman in U.S. history. -
Coal Miners Rescued
Richard Perez Jara, 21, and Reinaldo Brevis Jaque, 39, spent a total of 22 hours trapped about 150 meters (492 feet) underground at the Buen Retiro mine outside Coronel, a city about 540 kilometers (335 miles) from Santiago.The miners were trapped in a cave-in around 4:00 a.m. on Tuesday.
The two men were rescued at around 2:15 a.m. Wednesday,
