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Plessy V. Ferguson
In this case, the decision provided by the Supreme Court meant that the federal government is now officially recognizing segregation as legal. This comes from the fact that the Supreme Court ruled that the state of Louisiana was now allowed to require train cars to be separated by race. This upheld the principle of "separate but equal". As a result of this, the southern states passed laws that required public schools to enforce segregation. -
Smith-Hughes Act
In 1917, the Smith-Hughes Act would allow federal funding to be placed into vocational schools that focused on agriculture and home education. This would also allow large manufacturers the opportunity to get rid of unnecessary lessons that didn't pertain to farming or agriculture and could take control of vocational programs. -
G.I. Bill of Rights
During the end of WW2, the G.I. Bill of Rights was established to give scholarships to those who are in vocational schools and lines of work. This also gave an opportunity to WW2 veterans a chance to get funding for college. This also gives military members that were in other later world conflicts access to education funding. The actual original G.I. Bill ended in 1956, however military members today can still receive G.I. benefits. -
Brown V. The Board of Education, Topeka
In 1954, it was agreed upon that segregated schools were not upholding the notion of "separate but equal" and that the states must get rid of school segregation. This was a unanimous decision made by the Supreme Court. This did not necessarily hold up as even up to 1988 schools, including northern states public schools, were still very much segregated. -
Title IX
Title IX ensured incoming students that schools could not deny or discriminate anyone based on sex. This would also make sure that everyone had equal opportunity in all programs and events and not exclude anyone. Benefits were also included in this, making sure no one was denied benefits on the basis of sex, which did include federal funding to students who needed it, especially to schools who already receive federal funding. -
Milliken V. Bradley
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Education for All Handicapped Children Act
The Education for All Handicapped Children act would allow all children with disabilities access to education at a federally funded school without the worry of discrimination. This act also ensured that children with disabilities receive one free meal a day. It was agreed upon that children with disabilities should have the same opportunities as children without disabilities and that they have just as much of a right to a good education and access to the resources they need to succeed. -
Tribal Colleges Act
When this act took place, it gave Native Americans the right to build colleges and universities on every reservation. This allowed students to go to college without having to leave behind their family and their hometown. There are currently 32 active tribal colleges (fully accredited). Most of the tribal colleges in the US rely nearly fully on federal funding and donations, they have very small budgets to work with to give students the resources they need to succeed. -
Plyer V. Doe
The state of Texas started a law in 1982 that would allow the state to deny undocumented children school funding. This would also make it so that undocumented or immigrant children could not attend public school. The Supreme Court shut this law down as it would fall under discrimination based on something that is out of the children's control. It was also found that this law would not serve the state of Texas, or any state in that matter, in a way that would be impactful. -
Campaign for Fiscal Equity v. State of New York