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Canada's role in the United Nations
Canada has been a member of the United Nations since it was established, and has served six separate terms on the UN Security Council. Canada has also participated in United Nations peacekeeping missions. Canada has been part of every UN mission since 1957. Canada has served in the UNSC for 12 years, thus ranking in the top ten of non-permanent members. Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada_and_the_United_Nations -
Cold War Begins
The Cold War was a sustained state of political and military tension between powers in the Western Bloc (the United States with NATO and others) and powers in the Eastern Bloc (the Soviet Union and its allies in Warsaw Pact). Events:
-Cominform and the Tito–Stalin split
-Containment and the Truman Doctrine
-Marshall Plan and Czechoslovak coup d'état
-Berlin Blockade and airlift
-NATO beginnings and Radio Free Europe
-Chinese Civil War and SEATO
-Korean War Link:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C -
Canada joins NATO
NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) is a political and military alliance designed to promote the stability of the North Atlantic area and to safeguard the freedom of its peoples, based on the principles of democracy, individual liberty and the rule of law. Canada has been a member of NATO since it was founded in 1949. Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada–NATO_relations http://www.international.gc.ca/nato-otan/index.aspx?lang=eng -
Newfoundland joins Canada
Newfoundland is the easternmost province of Canada. A former colony and dominion of the United Kingdom, Newfoundland and Labrador became the tenth province to enter the Canadian Confederation on March 31, 1949, as Newfoundland. On December 6, 2001, an amendment was made to the Constitution of Canada to change the province's official name to Newfoundland and Labrador. Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newfoundland_and_Labrador -
Korean War begins
The Korean War was a war between the Republic of Korea (South Korea), supported by the United Nations, and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea), at one time supported by China and the Soviet Union. It was primarily the result of the political division of Korea by an agreement of the victorious Allies at the conclusion of the Pacific War at the end of World War II. Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_War -
Immigration Act 1952
The Immigration Act of 1952 was the first new immigration legislation since 1910. It was officially described as an act that “clarified and simplified” immigration procedures that had evolved across four decades, but it further established the cabinet’s ample discretionary powers over immigration. Link: http://northamericanimmigration.org/143-immigration-act-canada-1952.html -
Korean War ends
The Demilitarized Zone runs northeast of the 38th parallel; to the south, it travels west. The old Korean capital city of Kaesong, site of the armistice negotiations, originally lay in the pre-war ROK, but now is in the DPRK. The United Nations Command, supported by the United States, the North Korean People's Army, and the Chinese People's Volunteers, signed the Armistice Agreement on 27 July 1953 to end the fighting. Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_War#Stalemate_.28July_1951_.E2.80. -
Warsaw Pact (1955-1991)
The Warsaw Pact was a collective defense treaty among eight communist states of Central and Eastern Europe in existence during the Cold War. Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warsaw_Pact -
Vietnam War begins
The Vietnam War was a Cold War-era proxy war that occurred in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955[A 1] to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. This war followed the First Indochina War and was fought between North Vietnam—supported by the Soviet Union, China and other communist allies—and the government of South Vietnam—supported by the United States and other anti-communist allies. Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam_war -
Suez Crisis
The Suez Crisis was a diplomatic and military confrontation in late 1956 between Egypt on one side, and Britain, France and Israel on the other, with the United States, the Soviet Union, and the United Nations playing major roles in forcing Britain, France and Israel to withdraw. Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez_crisis -
Canada joins North America Defense System
As a result of the Diefenbaker Conservatives win at the polls in 1957, the Canadian government made a decision to abandon the Avro Arrow fighter in favour of joint North American defence with the United States. As Soviet bombers extended their range of operations and as intercontinental Nuclear missile became a reality with the launch of Sputnik in 1957, a new approach to defence for the cold war needed to be considered. Link: http://www.canadahistory.com/sections/eras/cold%20war/NORAD.html -
John Diefenbaker became Prime Minister
John George Diefenbaker was the 13th Prime Minister of Canada, serving from June 21, 1957, to April 22, 1963. He was the only Progressive Conservative (PC or Tory) party leader between 1930 and 1979 to lead the party to an election victory, doing so three times, although only once with a majority of seats in the Canadian House of Commons. Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Diefenbaker -
Avro Arrow Project ceased
Diefenbaker cancels Avro Arrow project. It's the closest thing Canadian industry has to a love story and a murder mystery. The Avro Arrow, a sleek white jet interceptor developed in Malton, Ontario in the 1950s, could have been many things. It might have become the fastest plane in the world, our best defence against Soviet bombers, the catalyst to propel Canada to the forefront of the aviation industry. Instead, it became a $400-million pile of scrap metal, and the stuff of legends. -
Quiet Revolution
The Quiet Revolution was the 1960s period of intense change in Quebec, Canada, characterized by the effective secularization of society, the creation of a welfare state ,and realignment of politics into federalist and sovereignist factions. Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quiet_Revolution -
Cuban Missile Crisis
The Cuban missile crisis was a 13-day confrontation in October 1962 between the Soviet Union and Cuba on one side and the United States on the other side. The crisis is generally regarded as the moment in which the Cold War came closest to turning into a nuclear conflict[1] and is also the first documented instance of mutual assured destruction (MAD) being discussed as a determining factor in a major international arms agreement. Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuban_missile_crisis -
Lester Pearson became Prime Minister
Lester Bowles "Mike" Pearson was the 14th Prime Minister of Canada from 22 April 1963 to 20 April 1968. During Pearson's time as Prime Minister, his Liberal minority governments introduced universal health care, student loans, the Canada Pension Plan, the Order of Canada, and the new Flag of Canada. Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lester_Pearson -
Trudeau became Prime Minister
Joseph Trudeau was the 15th Prime Minister of Canada from April 20, 1968 to June 4, 1979, and again from March 3, 1980 to June 30, 1984. Trudeau began his political career as a lawyer, intellectual, and activist in Quebec politics. In the 1960s, he entered federal politics by joining the Liberal Party of Canada. He was appointed as Lester Pearson's Parliamentary Secretary, and later became his Minister of Justice. Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Trudeau -
White Paper
The 1969 White Paper was a Canadian policy paper proposal made by Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau and his Minister of Indian Affairs, Jean Chrétien in 1969. This paper would abolish the Indian Act and dismantle the established legal relationship between Aboriginal peoples and the state of Canada in favour of equality. Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1969_White_Paper -
October 1970 Crisis
The October Crisis was a series of events triggered by two kidnappings of government officials by members of the Front de libération du Québec (FLQ) during October 1970 in the province of Quebec, mainly in the Montreal metropolitan area. Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_Crisis -
Vietnam War ends
The United States began drastically reducing their troop support in South Vietnam during the final years of Vietnamization. Many U.S. troops were removed from the region, and on 5 March 1971, the United States returned the 5th Special Forces Group, which was the first American unit deployed to South Vietnam, to its former base in Fort Bragg, North Carolina. Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam_war#Exit_of_the_Americans:_1973.E2.80.9375 -
Immigration Act 1978
The Immigration Act. 1976, in Canada was insured in 1978 by the Parliament of Canada. It focused on who should be allowed into Canada, not on who should be kept out. The act came into force in 1978, along with new immigration regulations. This act gave more power to the provinces to set their own immigration laws and defined "prohibited classes" in much broader terms. Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immigration_Act,_1976 -
USSR invades Afghanistan
The Soviet war in Afghanistan lasted nine years from December 1979 to February 1989. Part of the Cold War, it was fought between Soviet-led Afghan forces against multi-national insurgent groups called the Mujahideen, mostly composed of two alliances – the Peshawar Seven and the Tehran Eight. Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_war_in_Afghanistan -
Constitution Act 1982
The Constitution Act, 1982 (Schedule B of the Canada Act 1982 (UK)) is a part of the Constitution of Canada. The act was introduced as part of Canada's process of patriating the constitution, introducing several amendments[1] to the British North America Act, 1867. Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_Act_1982 -
National Medicare Act
The Canada Health Act (CHA) a piece of Canadian federal legislation, adopted in 1984, which specifies the conditions and criteria with which the provincial and territorial health insurance programs must conform in order to receive federal transfer payments under the Canada Health Transfer. Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada_Health_Act Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicare_(Canada) -
Jean Sauve
Jeanne Mathilde Sauvé PC CC CMM CD (née Benoît, April 26, 1922 – January 26, 1993) was a Canadian journalist, politician, and stateswoman who served as Governor General of Canada, the 23rd since Canadian Confederation. Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeanne_Sauvé -
Brian Mulroney became Prime Minister
Martin Brian Mulroney was the 18th Prime Minister of Canada from September 17, 1984 to June 25, 1993, and was leader of the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada from 1983 to 1993. His tenure as Prime Minister was marked by the introduction of major economic reforms, such as the Canada-U.S. Free Trade Agreement and the Goods and Services Tax, and the rejection of constitutional reforms such as the Meech Lake Accord and the Charlottetown Accord. Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brian_Mulron -
Meech Lake Accord
The Meech Lake Accord was a package of proposed amendments to the Constitution of Canada negotiated in 1987 by Prime Minister Brian Mulroney and the ten provincial premiers. It was intended to persuade the government of Quebec to endorse the 1982 constitutional amendment and increase support in Quebec for remaining within Canada. Its rejection had the effect of energizing support for Quebec sovereignty. Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meech_Lake_Accord -
Canadian Multiculturalism Act
The Canadian Multiculturalism Act is a law, passed in 1988, that aims to preserve and enhance multiculturalism in Canada. Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian_Multiculturalism_Act -
Oka Standoff
The Oka Crisis (Oka Standoff) was a land dispute between a group of Mohawk people and the town of Oka, Quebec, Canada which began on July 11, 1990 and lasted until September 26, 1990. One person died as a result. The dispute was the first well-publicized violent conflict between First Nations and the Canadian government in the late 20th century. Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oka_standoff -
Canada enters Gulf War
Canadian forces went to war last week against Iraq, and although their role has been modest, the commitment to offensive action has stirred considerable debate here. Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_War http://www.nytimes.com/1991/01/28/world/war-in-the-gulf-canada-canadians-enter-gulf-war-sparking-debate.html -
Cold War ends
Events:
-Gorbachev reforms
-Thaw in relations
-East Europe breaks away
-Soviet republics break away
-Soviet dissolution Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_War#Final_years_.281985.E2.80.9391.29 -
Charlottetown Accord
The Charlottetown Accord was a package of proposed amendments to the Constitution of Canada, proposed by the Canadian federal and provincial governments in 1992. It was submitted to a public referendum on October 26 of that year, and was defeated. Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlottetown_Accord -
Canada joins North America Free Trade Agreement
The North American Free Trade Agreement is an agreement signed by Canada, Mexico, and the United States, creating a trilateral rules-based trade bloc in North America. The agreement came into force on January 1, 1994. It superseded the Canada–United States Free Trade Agreement between the U.S. and Canada. Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_American_Free_Trade_Agreement#Canada -
Kyoto Accord
Canada was active in the negotiations that led to the Kyoto Protocol in 1997, and the Liberal government that signed the accord in 1997 also ratified it in parliament in 2002. Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada_and_the_Kyoto_Protocol -
Territory of Nunavut
Nunavut is the largest, northernmost and newest territory of Canada. It was separated officially from the Northwest Territories on April 1, 1999, via the Nunavut Act and the Nunavut Land Claims Agreement Act, though the boundaries had been contemplatively drawn in 1993. The creation of Nunavut resulted in the first major change to Canada's political map since the incorporation of the new province of Newfoundland and Labrador in 1949. Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nunavut -
Nisga Treaty
Nisga'a Treaty is a treaty settled between the Nisg̱a'a, the government of British Columbia, and the Government of Canada. The agreement gives the Nisga'a control over their land, including the forestry and fishing resources contained in it. Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nisga_Treaty
