Timeline Activity 3: Global Interaction Timeline Group Project; Global Interactions: Turning Points From 1500-2000
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Period: 1276 to
The Russian principality of Muscovy
This was a principality based in Moscow Russia that came to be during the Mongol reign. This is a turning point because this dynasty was able to rule and work nonstop for many years and their empire was pretty big. It stretched from eastern Europe to northern Asia then North America. -
1500
1500 (Start)
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Period: 1500 to
Ottoman Empire is based at Istanbul
(They are based in Instanbul from 1453, 1922) They conqured the former city of Constantinople and rules lands in the middle east, north africa, the Caucasus, and eastern Europe. -
Period: 1500 to
Cossacks
The cossacks were the people of the Russian Empire who lived outside the farming villages, often as herders, mercenaries, or outlaws. They are important because they led the conquest of Siberia in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. -
Period: 1500 to
The Expansion Of Russia
With limited space to expand into Europe (west, and southwest) they expanded east towards Siberia and the Pacific Ocean. -
Period: 1500 to
Fall of the Ming Empire
The Ming Empire had been strong for many years and they were able to do a lot during their reign. However, they later on encountered environmental, administrative, and finacial issues and when they were taken over had been weakened and had fallen. -
1502
Ottomans end fights with Venice
They ottomans fought with Venice from 1453 to 1502, Venice was Italy's most powerful city and ended up having to pay the Ottoman empire tribute. -
1502
Ismail and his relationship with Shi'ite Islam
This is a turning point because it was able to help make Iran truly its own country. It was a major act that was intended to create a chasm between Iran and its Muslim neighbors Sunni. -
1502
Ottomans fought with Venice
The ottomans fought a two century war with Venice ending in 1502 -
1502
Ismail I proclaims himself Shah of Iran
After proclaiming himself Shah of Iran, Ismail developed the Safavid Empire. With the decisions he made, several upsets with other empires occurred carrying through many years. -
Period: 1502 to 1524
Shah Ismail establishes Safavid rule in Iran
Polticical -This made a lasting impact because Ismail had won in a struggle with the large and powerful Ottoman Empire and then began to spread Shi'ite Islam under his rule. -
Period: 1502 to
Safavid Empire
Iranian kingdom established by Ismail Safavi and it was important because he declared Iran a Shi'ite state. -
1505
Ming Empire weakened
After the year 1500, financial, environmental, and administrative problems weakened the Ming Empire, and it fell to the Manchus. -
1514
Battle of Chaldiran(Safavid Empire)
The Ottomans won this battle against the Safavid gaining control of eastern Anatolia. This caused a long chain of wars between rival Muslim powers for territory. -
Period: 1516 to 1517
Selim I conquers Egypt and Syria
Political- This made a lasting effect on the world because it made the Red Sea the Ottomans southern frontier. -
1517
Portuguese Embassy to China
China had very good relations with Europeans and exchanged information and trading goods. -
1517
First World Map
Piri Reis presented the first world map of the Selim I, ruler of the Ottoman empire and was known as an explorer. -
Period: 1520 to 1566
Reign of Suleiman the Magnificent; peak of Ottoman Empire
He was able to make his time with the Ottoman Empire its golden age of greatness. They were able to make their imperial system perfect and conquer different areas as well. -
1521
Suleiman The Magnificent conquers Belgrade
Suleiman led the most unstoppable assaults towards Europe, and took over Belgrade. -
1522
Suleiman expells knights of the hospital
He expelled the knights of the hospital of St, John from the island of Rhodes -
1524
Tahmasp I
His rule led to the long-lasting Persian rug industry on a national scale. -
1526
Babur defeats last Sultan of Delhi
Babur was the founder of the Mughal empire, was Muslim, and led the empire to dominate over most of India. -
1526
Humayun's death
After his death, Akbar gained power in ruling the Mughal Empire. This was very important because he turned out to be the greatest ruler of this empire. He advanced the Mughal empire greatly. -
Period: 1526 to 1571
Ottoman attack on Hapsburg empire
Hungary divided into Ottoman and Habsburg spheres of influence, as well as a semi-independent Ottoman vassal state of Transylvania. -
Period: 1526 to
Mughal Empire
The Mughal Empire was a Muslim state exercising domination over most of India in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries before political fragmentation caused it to decline. -
1529
First Ottoman siege of Vienna
When historians looked back on this siege they realized that this was the period when the imperial system worked to perfection because of Suleiman. -
Period: 1533 to
Prince Ivan the Fourth
Also known as "the Terrible" and pushed Muscovy's conquests south and east at other's expenses. -
1543
First Portuguese contacts with Japan
Japan comes into contact with the Portuguese, and welcomed traders beyond borders, though did not send very many exports out -
1547
Ivan IV Adopts title of tsar
Ivan IV becomes a tsar which was what Russia called their ruler. -
Period: 1556 to
Akbar rules in Agra; peak of Mughal Empire
Akbar was one of the most well known and respected Sultans in India, he drastically expanded the empire and pursueda policy of conciliation with Hindus. -
Period: 1556 to
Akbar
Most illustrious sultan of the Mughal Empire in India. He was important because he expanded the empire and pursued a policy of conciliation with Hindus. -
1557
Portuguese gained permission to trade from a base in Macao
This is important because trading relations were formed between the Portuguese and Macao, benefiting each other. -
1565
Mediterranean expedition fails.
Ottomans focused more on land expansion than sea exploration. In 1565 a major expedition against Malta in the western Mediterranean failed. -
Period: 1566 to 1574
Rule of Selim II
Selim II was the son of Sulieman the magnificent and ruled after his death. -
1569
Ivan the Terrible Defends against ottoman attack
Ivan the terrible defended against the ottoman attack . -
1571
Ottoman naval defeat at Lepanto
It was a massive naval victory and they were able to fix all of their damages in a years time. -
1582
Russians conquer Khanate of Sibir
Ivan IV pushed Muscovy's conquests south and east at the expense of the Tatar Khanates of the Kazan and the Astrakhan. -
Period: to
Reign Of Shah Abbas the Great; peak of Safavid Empire
Political/social- This is important because the leader changed from Ismail to Abbas the great and his city Isfahan differed greatly from the Ottoman city of Istanbul. The Safavid Empire peaked at this time because of it's trade of silks. -
Period: to
Shah Abbas I
Shah Abbas I was the fifth and most renowned ruler of the Safavid dynasty in Iran. Abbas moved the royal capital to Isfahan in 1598. -
Period: to
Revolts devastated Anatolia
Due to the Little Ice Age, there were revolts that devastated Anatolia. -
Japanese Invasion of Korea
Japan invades Korea, and wants to invade them because of their imperialistic views as a country -
The help of Hideyoshi in Japan
Hideyoshi was able to not only help unify Japan, but also help them gain more power in society. -
Toyotomi Hideyoshi
Japanese warlord Toyotomi Hideyoshi was able to unite two fighting domains under his rule. Having done this he also invaded Korea as the first step in his attempt to conquer China. This gave him a status throughout the nations. ( Political ) -
Chinese negotiated a peace with the Japanese
This is important because after 1593, the Chinese and Japanese were at peace with each other. -
Period: to
Peace between China and Japan
China had negotiated a peace with Japan, however, a Chinese warrior named Hideyoshi did not agree with the peace that they made a decided to invade again. -
Hideyoshi decided that the terms of the peace were inadequate
This is important because his forces invaded again, deploying brutal punitive measures as they invaded through the Korean peninsula. There was no longer peace. -
Muscovy
Russian principality that emerged gradually during the era of Mongol domination. The Muscovite dynasty ruled without interruption from 1276 to 1598. -
Abbas I modernized army
This led to the army becoming better and stronger, allowing them to eventually beat the Ottoman Empire in battle. -
Russia has limited connection to the rest of the world sea-wise
Russia's only seaport is at Arkangelsk which is in the arctic circle, otherwise Russia is landlocked. -
"Time of Troubles" in Russia
(early 17th century) This time coincided with the little ice age, which declined agricultural productivity and when the Ottoman empire was going through internal disorder. Swedish and Polish forces briefly occupied Moscow. -
Matteo Ricci allowed to reside in Beijing
This event became important because under Ricci's leadership, Jesuits adapted Catholicism to Chinese cultural traditions while introducing the Chinese to the latest science and technology from Europe. -
Tokugawa Shogunate formed
The creation of Tokugawa Shogunate started trade along the well-maintained road between Edo and the imperial capital of Kyoto, promoting the development of the Japanese economy and the formation of other trading centers. -
Tokugawa Shogunate military regime
This was a turning point because it was able to have a big and positive impact on Japan's economy and the formation of trading centers. -
Tokugawa leyasu and domination
He asserted his domination over the other daimyo and in 1630 established a new military regime called the Tokugawa Shogunate. They ( The shoguns ) also created a new admin. capital at Edo. -
End of Anatolian revolts
After suffering from the worst rebellions and a loss of agricultural production, the revolts ended and it was able to help them greatly. -
Period: to
Rule of Mikhail, the first Romanov Tsar
Mikhail becomes a Tsar and rules Russias territory -
Batavia Fort established
Batavia Fort established around 1619 as headquarters of Dutch East Inda Company operations in Indonesia. -
Later Jin invasion of Joseon
The Later Jin invasion of Joseon occurred in early 1627 when the Later Jin prince Amin lead an invasion of Korea's Joseon kingdom. The war ended after three months with the Later Jin establishing itself as sovereign tributary overlord over Joseon. -
Shah Abbas dies
His death lead to the decline and mismanagement of the silk monopoly and he was remembered as the most renowned rulers of the Safavid Empire. -
Shah Abbah’s Death
After a period of rule, Shah Abbah died in 1629, which created problems for the Safavid empire. -
Period: to
Japanese edicts close down trade with Europe
To keep Christianity from resurfacing, a series of decrees issued between 1633 and 1639 sharply curtailed trade with Europe. Europeans who entered the country illegally faced the death penalty, and Japanese subjects were required to produce certificates from Buddhist temples attesting to their religious orthodoxy and loyalty to the regime. -
Period: to
Keeping Christianity from resurfacing, decrees curtailed trade with Europe in Japan
This is important because Japan did not want Christianity reoccurring so Europeans who entered the country illegally faced the death penalty, and Japanese subject were required to produce certificates from Buddhist temples attesting to their religious orthodoxy and loyalty to the regime. -
Qing invasion of Joseon
The Qing invasion of Joseon occurred in the winter of 1636 when the newly established Manchu Qing dynasty invaded Korea's Joseon kingdom, establishing its status as the center of the Imperial Chinese tributary system and formally severing Joseon's relationship with the Ming dynasty. The invasion was preceded by the Later Jin invasion of Joseon in 1627. -
Safavids lose Baghdad
Following the trend, the Safavids face another defeated effecting the strength of their empire also leading to their fall. -
Acheh Sultanate kingdom
Muslim kingdom in northern Sumatra. Main center of Islamic expansion in Southeast Asia in the early seventeenth century, it declined after the Dutch seized Malacca from Portugal in 1641. -
Qing Empire established in China
The Qing Empire was established in China by Manchus and this is important because he overthrew the Ming Empire in 1644. -
Quig conquest of Beijing
After the conquest of Beijing the Quig empire began to develop Chinese institutions and policies. -
Subordination of serfs complete
This transformed peasants into serfs by eliminating the period when they could change masters and ordering runaways to return to their masters -
Period: to
The height of the Oman Arab state
The height of the Oman Arab state was a turning point in history because is was a main port and was able to succeed Portugal as a power in the western area of the Indian Ocean. This just shows how strong it was because Portugal was such a powerful country. -
Period: to
Aurangzeb imposes conservative Islamic regime
This was important because the policy did not last and led the empire to fall, his additions in the south were not well integrated leading to regional powers coming to reign. He weakened the empire. -
Period: to
Lifespan of Kangxi
Kangxi was a Qing emperor and he was important because he oversaw the greatest expansion of the Qing Empire. -
Period: to
Rule of Emperor Kangxi
He was able to help bring economic, military, and cultural achievement in China. He repaired roads and waterway, lowered taxes, cut interest rates and rent, and help areas effected by the peasant rebellions prosper again. -
Pillage on Volga River
Stenka Razin pillaged a rich convoy of governement and merchant Barges on the Volga river -
Razins conquest was stopped by tsarist armies
Razin tried to conquer volga but was stopped and excecuted by Razin forces -
Failed Second Vienna Siege
Ottoman Empire fails a second siege in Vienna and it becomes clear that they are losing power. -
Period: to
Ottoman Wars
The Ottoman wars in Europe were a series of military conflicts between the Ottoman Empire and various European states -
Amur River
This river valley was a contested frontier between northern China and eastern Russia until the settlement arranged in the Treaty of Nerchinsk. -
The end of the fight over the Amur River
For many years the Amur River was a contested area that was in-between northern China and eastern Russia. However, they came to an agreement and a solution to this fighting with the Treaty of Nerchinsk. -
Treaty of Nerchinsk with Russia
The Quig and Russian empires both wanted control of northern Asia's Pacific coast. The Treaty of Nerchinsk was able to fix the border along the Amur River. This was able to help regulate trade across it. This area was thinly settled, but was important and was able to last a long time. -
Period: to
Peter the Great
Peter the Great was a Russian tsar. He enthusiastically introduced Western languages and technologies to the Russian elite, moving the capital from Moscow to the new city of St. Petersburg. -
Quig control of inner Mongoia
The Quig rulers feared an alliance between Galdan's Mongol state and Russia. Therefore, they decided to settle the Mongolian frontier. Kangxi led troops in the great campaign that defeated Galdan and was able to bring inner Mongolia under Quig control. -
Period: to
Peter the Great's winter voyage
In the winter of 1697-1698, after his Black Sea campaign, Peter traveled in disguise across Europe to discover how western European societies were becoming so powerful and wealthy. -
Qing's Trading Policies
Similar to the Ming Empire, the Qing Empire had a strict trading policy with Europe was very strict. This policy did not sit well with Europe because they believed there would be a massive trade deficit. The British traders moved eastward and displaced the Dutch. China loss their trade business with Britain. -
Period: to
Forty-Seven Ronin incident
This was able to help transform Japan from a military to a civil society by expressing its ideological and social mistakes. -
Trial of the Forty-Seven Ronin
A young lord was sentenced to commit seppuku, and the 47 ronin tried to avenge their fallen master by killing the senior minister. -
The Last of Akbar’s Successors Death
Akbar had three successors to him, the last of which died in the year 1707. -
St. Petersburg becomes Russia's capital
Peter the Great was the person who declared St. Petersburg as the new capital of Russia. In order to demonstrate the new sophistication that Russia now had, Peter ordered architects to build St. Petersburg's houses and public buildings in the baroque style that was popular in France. -
Period: to
The Tulip Period
This was the last few years of the Ottoman Empires reign. During this time period European customs became popular in Istanbul. This is a turning point because it was an important mix of cultures. -
Afghan invaders topple last Safavid shah
By 1722 the Safavid empire was already falling due to inside issues such as inflation, mismanagement of trade, and uncontrolled taxes, but what really ended the empire were nomadic groups of Afgans that captured Isfahan and ended the empire. -
Loss of Isfahan
This resembles the loss of the empire. Due to this, the Russian and Ottoman empires took over the territory. -
Nizam al-Mulk's independent state
Nizam al-Mulk was the sultan's vizier that gave up on the central government. When he did this he established his own independent state. This is a turning point because after he did this others decided to follow in his footsteps. The others who did this were known as nawabs. -
The conquest of the Cossacks
This conquest was a turning point in history because normal people who lived outside of farming villages were able to lead the conquest of Siberia. They were able to preserve their political autonomy and helped defend Russia. -
Janissary revolt begins period of Ottoman conservatism
The Janissaries maintained and were able to help stabilize the government and economy. When they decided to revolt the Ottoman Empire wanted to keep their traditions and as much money as they could. As a result the Ottomans began a period of conservatism. -
Rule of Emperor Qianlong
Emperor Qianlong rules begins his rule of China, lasting until 1796 -
Period: to
Nadir Shah temporalily reunites Iran; invades India
Nadir Shah was one of the most powerful rulers of Iran ever. He eventrally captured parts of the Mughal Empire. -
Period: to
Rule of Emperor Qianlong
He became one of the rulers of the Quig Empire and was able to help rule over China. -
Iranians under Nadir Shah sack Delhi
Nadir attacks the Mughal Empire at the capital of Delhi and takes it over, weakening the empire. -
Joesph Francois Dupliex becomes president
Joseph François Dupliex became the president of France and began a new phase of European involvement in India. He accomplished many things during his rule. -
Russian ships first spotted off the coast of Japan
These ships brought gifts and items to trade with, establishing a small trading system -
The Mccartney mission
This was when the British Empire tried to make diplomatic relations with the Quig Empire, but their attempt was unsuccessful. -
End of Catherine the Greats Rule
The end of the rule ofCatherine the Great in russia. -
Janissaries abolished
The janissaries were abolished in 1826 -
Collapse of the Ottoman empire
The Ottoman Empire finally falls in 1902 after centuries of rule. -
2000 (End)