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Timeline

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  • Period: 1170 to 1227

    St. Dominic de Guzman

    Idea: Advocated for education and preaching as tools for combating heresy.
    Contribution: Established the Dominican Order, focusing on preaching, teaching, and combating heresy through intellectual engagement.
  • Period: 1181 to 1226

    St. Francis of Assisi

    Idea: Emphasized poverty, humility, and simplicity in the Church.
    Contribution: Founded the Franciscan Order, promoting a return to the simplicity of early Christianity.
  • Period: 1347 to 1380

    St. Catherine of Siena

    Idea: Urged the Pope to return to Rome from Avignon and to reform the clergy.
    Contribution: Her letters and influence helped to persuade Pope Gregory XI to return the papacy to Rome, contributing to the end of the Avignon Papacy.
  • Period: 1369 to 1415

    Jan Hus

    Idea: Criticized the wealth and worldliness of the Church clergy, advocating for reform.
    Contribution: Preached against the sale of indulgences and other corrupt practices, inspiring the Hussite movement and laying the groundwork for the Protestant Reformation.
  • Period: 1438 to 1546

    Martin Luther

    Idea: Challenged the Catholic Church's sale of indulgences and emphasized salvation through faith alone.
    Contribution: Nailed the 95 Theses to the door of the Wittenberg Castle Church in 1517, sparking the Protestant Reformation and leading to the formation of Lutheranism.
  • Period: 1452 to 1498

    Girolamo Savonarola

    Idea: Condemned corruption and moral laxity within the Church hierarchy.
    Contribution: Led a reform movement in Florence, advocating for strict morality and the burning of worldly goods, including art and luxury items, during the "Bonfire of the Vanities."
  • Period: 1466 to 1536

    Desiderius Erasmus

    Idea: Advocated for a return to the original teachings of Christianity through scholarly study and humanistic reform.
    Contribution: Criticized Church corruption, particularly through his satirical work "In Praise of Folly," and called for reform within the Catholic Church.
  • Period: 1509 to 1564

    John Calvin

    Idea: Emphasized the sovereignty of God and predestination, advocating for a purer form of Christianity.
    Contribution: Founded Calvinism, which spread throughout Europe and influenced Protestant theology and governance structures.