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Kuhn’s basic idea was that science is influenced by such factors as social class, politics, gender and racial bias, and other forces outside of the specific scientific context.
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1)Normal Science ( Pre- Science)
2) Model Drift
3) Model Crisis
4) Model Revolution
5) Paradigm Change/ Shift -
Kuhn suggested that until a significant paradigm shift occurs, scientist discover what they expect to see. Kuhn paradigm shift was summarized into four phases called ‘The Kuhn Cycle’. Phase one consists of ‘Normal Science’, where scientists resolve puzzles and make changes to the paradigm. Phase two consists of ‘Model Crisis’, in this phase too many things can’t be explained resulting a model crisis.
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Phase three consists of ‘The Model Revolution’ which is a result of phase two model crisis, coming up with new solutions and ideals. Phase four is the ‘Paradigm Change’ where like stated earlier, the new way of thinking replaces the old one. With using these four categories Thomas Kuhn has changed science as we know it before.
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Kuhn started his contribution to the philosophy of science in 1962 when he first published his book 'The Structure of Scientific Revolutions'. In this book Kuhn would point out some key factors that would change what scientists thought about their own works. Kuhn's basic idea of science was it was influenced by factors other than objectivity, accuracy, and falsification like what other like to think. Kuhn's major concept was the paradigm shift which is when a new idea replaces the old one.
