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Period: to
Transforming the West
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Homestead Act
In 1862 congress passed the Homestead act offering up to 160 acres of free land to any citizen meaning any male, female, and even blacks. Applicants pay ten dollars for 5 years of land and the applicants were to then improve the soil and quality of the land. If the applicants were successful, they got to keep the land, and if there were complications to halt the progression of the soil, then they were to lose the land. -
Merrill Land-Grant Act
In 1862, congress passed the Merrill Land-Grant Act to help fund colleges and education. Signed by Lincoln, this act granted land that were to be used to create and fund colleges. Millions of acres of land were given to States government in the west to increases education. Land were being sold for public use, thus funding colleges by the profit from the sales. -
Transcontinental Railroad
The Transcontinental Railroad was the first railroad that was built across the nation from the Pacific to the Atlantic. At finishing the railroad in 1869, the United States saw massive improvements economically. Communication, businesses and travel also improved with the creation of more towns that were connected by the railroads. Although there are huge benefits, the process of building the railroad was dangerous and many died. -
Immigrants
Immigration will become one of the most controversial topic in American history. In the Late 1800s, immigration gradually increased due to the new opportunities the United States offered. Unfortunate events like the Irish potato famine encouraged the Irish to leave there home to the Americas. However, these immigrants were hated because of their nature to take away jobs. Without immigrants, the US would be very different today. -
Period: to
The Gilded Age
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Red River War
The United States launched a campaign to rid the Southern Plain tribes that includes the Comanche, Kiowa, Southern Cheyenne, and Arapaho tribes. They invaded native land and killed buffalo for their hide, and wasted their meat. Eventually the buffalo almost became extinct driving the natives angry. They all eventually fought back to get rid of the white people trespassing their territory. They did however lose the fight. -
Battle of Little Big Horn
In 1875, gold was discovered in South Dakotas Black Hills, the United States betrayed many Sioux and Cheyenne tribesmen and forced them to leave their reservations and join Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse in Montana. By 1876, more than 10,000 Native Americans grouped in a camp along the Little Bighorn River to rebel against the United State's army and fight alongside one another. -
Chinese Exclusion Act
The Chinese and other immigrants were banned to come to the United States and live there. They were denied citizenship and passage to the land for 10 years. The whites were trying to protect their jobs because of the Chinese's willingness to work lower wages, which gave employers an urge to hire them over white men working for the average paying rate. This was the first time a specific group of people were banned from the US. -
Pendleton Act
The Pendleton Act, a civil service reform, that banned Federal candidates from making government workers to work on their campaign. Originally, government workers were required to devote their time to make the campaign and if they refused they were fired from their jobs. It also gave a mandatory civil service exam to anyone who wanted to take a government job. This helped the hiring process and based the hiring process through merit. -
Exodusters
The Exodusters were a group of Black African Americans that fled the South to the West. They got their name from a book in the Bible, Exodus, which was about the Jews who fled slavery from Egypt. After the Civil war, they gained freedom and was able to potentially do anything they want. They still faced discrimination in the South because of the tenacious racism that lingered in the culture. -
Knights of Labor
The Knights of Labor peaked membership in 1886 and grew rapidly because of a combination of their open-membership policy and continuing industrialization of the American economy. They also welcomed unskilled workers, including women, immigrants, and even African Americans. They were idealists who believed they would eradicate all problems with the working class.The Knights of Labor helped tremendously. -
Great Upheaval 1886
The Great Upheaval of 1886 was a massive wave of protests and strikes for better working conditions. One appalling incident happened six months before the unveiling of the Statue of Liberty. The police killed four people who were striking. The police were then on high alert from strikes and protests on the daily. This then improved the quality of work later in american history by increased wages and conditions. -
Period: to
Becoming an Industrialized Power
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Hay Market Riot 1886
In 1886 at Chicago's Hay-market Square, labor spokesman called the rally to support a strike at the nearby McCormick Reaper works. The police tried to break it up and failed which led to a bomb that was thrown into their midst, killing 8 and wounding around 67 others. This was part of the Great Upheaval for better working conditions. More police were brought to these protests and strikes to insure safety. -
Dawes Act
Congress attempted to "Americanize" Native Americans by giving them land, 160 acres for married families and 80 acres for single citizens. This law broke up reservations made for Natives to give them their own private land. The remaining land was sold and given to other settlers. This was one of the many ways the United States government tried to assimilate Natives to slowly remove them from their land. -
Robber Barons
Robber Barons were business men who technically scammed society legally with shady business deals. People like Andrew Carnegie and John Rockefeller created monopolies of steel and oil. They further improved their monopolies by creating extra unfair economic exchanges that was unnecessary. Robber Barons were then seen as big fat greedy men who controlled the government by bribing congressmen into deals. -
Cornelius Vanderbilt
Cornelius Vanderbilt was the first person to implicate steel into the railroad scenery which improved its overall safety and was very cost-effective. His first railroad connected two major cities, New York and Chicago. Vanderbilt then created his own steamboat industry in his mid-30's. He overall made around twenty-five million dollars five years into the railroad industry. He was one of the few that was not considered a Robber Baron. -
John Rockefeller
In 1870, John Rockefeller created the Standard Oil Company, and by 1877 he controlled around 95% of the oil refineries in the U.S. It achieved important economies both home and abroad by it's large scale methods of production and distribution. He also created the trust and started the Horizontal Integration. John Rockefeller was also known as a Robber Baron and controlled the US economically and politically. -
Sherman Antitrust Act
The Sherman Anti-Trust Act was a law passed to create a fairer business setting. It banned all trust which means that companies are not allowed to meet and basically control a monopoly. Companies were anxious to find a loop hole around this new affair and came up with holding companies. A holding company is when a company buys out another company for its stocks and basically controls a whole monopoly if perfected. -
Silver Act
The Sherman Silver Purchase Act encouraged switching from gold to silver as a source of currency. The coinage of silver is seen as a way to increase the economy's value without having to do anything drastic. It also helped combat deflation and really helped farmers pay off debt. The Democratic party was actually the party for it while the Republican party was against it. The Act was to better the situations for the ordinary man. -
Wounded Knee
Wounded Knee was a horrific event due to the horrible leadership causing hundreds of Native Americans to die. The Sioux tribes gathered for a anger-filled religious ghost dance to rid all the white men away from their lands. American Troops saw what they were doing and their intentions and were threatened to stop it. No one knew who fired the first shot, but they killed 300 men, women, and children. -
People's Party
The People's Party or Populist Party emerged to fight political unfairness and catered to the poor and wronged. This group fought for the majority having James B. Weaver be the first presidential candidate for the Populist Party. This new party surprised everyone with its turnout. Although they didn't win the election of 1892, a lot of people turned out to vote for them. This party was mainly supported by farmers. -
Andrew Carnegie
Andrew Carnegie was seen as the "steel king" because of how he revolutionized the steel making process. This new process is called the Bessemer and he was the first to invest in this idea. He later perfected the whole process making him the most cost efficient steel producer. Not only was it cost efficient, it was also fast. He also came up with the horizontal integration which controlled the whole process up to selling the steel. -
Depression of 1893
The Depression of 1893 was the worse economic turn-down in the 19th century. The leading cause was the Silver Act of 1890 which switched the currency based on gold to silver. This affected everyone in the urban areas including Wall Street. One Fourth of the railroads went bankrupt due to the lack of activity and unemployment was as low as twenty percent and high as 30 percent. This incident is comparable to the Great Depression. -
Immigration
Immigrants came from Northern and Western Europe for new opportunities offered by the United States. Newer immigrants come from Southern and Eastern Europe for the same reasons. There was an overload of immigrants, so they created Ellis Island to control the overwhelming amount of immigrants. Ellis Island gave literacy tests and biological tests to find contagious disease. This limited who can come and settle. -
World’s Columbian Exposition 1893
Held in Chicago, Americans saw this World's Fair as their opportunity to claim a place among the world's most "civilized" societies. This fair honored and showcased art, architecture, and science, and its promoters built a mini-city in which to host the fair that reflected all the ideals of city planning popular at the time.This event also celebrated the 400 year anniversary from Columbus' discovery of america. -
Political Machine
The Political Machine was a well-organized process of "legally" controlling election polls and results. They bribe voters, usually immigrants and poor people, to vote for whoever they chose and offer jobs or a ship to the United States. They had a ward boss that controlled the Machine and was seen as corrupt. They took advantage of people who didn't have much and made profits by giving votes to a candidate. -
John Deere
John Deere was an American blacksmith that invented the revolutionizing steel plow. He also revolutionized the whole agricultural industry by inventing a lot more farming tools that we still use today. Like the lawn mower and grass clipper. John Deere's industry is the largest manufacturer of agricultural products in the world. His products made farming easier and more efficient and labor effective. -
Pullman Strike
The Pullman Strike was a protest against the new drastic change and cuts to their wages. This caused outrage and railroad workers broke out to strike for their fixed demands. Eugene Debs led this protest and was not supported by the American Federation of Labor. This strike shows how the government is not hesitant to stop these strikes with armed military forces. President Gover Cleveland eventually sent federal troops to cease this uproar. -
Election of 1896
The Election of 1896 was between the Democratic party and Republican party. Candidates William Jennings Bryan, Democratic ,and McKinley, Republican, fought about economic issues dealing with Gold and Silver. This debate had McKinley wanting to go for silver, but his party was against the whole idea. William Bryan gave the speech "Cross of Gold" that talked about the sacrifice of workers for big businesses. McKinley won the election. -
Treaty of Paris 1898
The Treaty of Paris of 1898 increased the United States territory by a large margin. Yet again, the United States managed to take Spain's land and make it their own. The conflict of the U.S.S. Maine had been resolved and after the Spanish-American war, great deficits caused Spain to give in. New territory like Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines. At this point, the United States have taken over half of Spain's original land. -
U.S.S Maine
The U.S.S Maine was an American ship that sank due to an unknown explosion. Americans blew this incident out of proportion giving Spain a bad name because of the false accusations. Yellow Journalist used propaganda which led to a outbreak of hatred towards Spain leading to the Spanish-American war. The war punished Spain for their "wrongdoing" by procuring their land and making it national United States territory. -
Bessemer Process
The Bessemer Process is was a process developed to create strong steel efficiently. Not only is it efficient, it is also very cheap to make this steel because of its abundance. Andrew Carnegie abused the Bessemer Process by being the first to invest in it. Andrew basically adopted this idea and tested it out himself. Seeing its success, he built more factories using this technique to create his monopoly. -
Battle of Manila Bay
The Battle of Manila Bay was the effect of the U.S.S. Maine incident. Yellow Journalism constructed the tension leading to the Battle of Manila Bay. This United States victory was due to the advancement of technology. The steel ships that the United States used dominated the wooden ships the Spanish had. The world saw how strong the United States navy is and how it was growing to conquer the ocean. -
Battle of San Juan hill
The Battle of San Juan Hill is considered one of the most important battles of the Spanish-American war. Teddy Roosevelt led his "rough riders" into battle and defeated the Spanish in Philadelphia. The Spanish were overwhelmed and two days after, a fleet of American ships destroyed Spanish ships in Cuba. The United States and Spain signed a the Treaty of Paris of 1898 to end this war. The United States gained large amount of Spanish territory. -
Period: to
Imperialism
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Election 1900
The Election of 1900 was a reelection for McKinley and his new running mate, the war hero of the Spanish-American war, Theodore Roosevelt. William Jennings Bryan ran AGAIN and lost like the other times. The Republicans won because of its support from Teddy Roosevelt and his influence. William ran for the Democrats lost because of his campaign ideas failed. McKinley was overall liked a lot more than William. -
Boxer Rebellion
The Boxer Rebellion was started by a super-patriotic Chinese group. Over two hundred white missionaries and other people were murdered. Several foreign diplomats were also besieged in Beijing. Around eighteen thousand international troops descended and crushed the rebellion, including men from Britain, France, United States, and Germany. The allied invaders angrily assessed a Chinese indemnity of 300 million dollars. -
Panama Canal
President Teddy Roosevelt wanted to facilitate and be a proponent of the naval development of America. However Colombia refused to give the land up for this project in 1903 so Roosevelt helped an uprising take place and an American gunboat prevented the Colombian army from suppressing the rebellion. After Panama had got their independence they signed a treaty that gave the United States the right to construct in the area. -
Russo-Japanese War
In 1904, the Russian government rejected the Japanese proposal for the settlement of the two countries' claims to Korea hoping that this could provoke a military response. This resulted in opened hostilities by attacking the Russian fleet in Port Arthur. These humiliating defeats prompted the Tsar to make peace. They both signed the Treaty of Portsmouth and Russia withdrew their military out of Japan. -
Schlieffen Plan
Afred Graf Von Schlieffen developed the plan to be used if Germany faced a two front war. After declaring war on Russia due to Austria-Hungary, the adoption of the plan caused Germany to also declare war on France. This plan compensated to their poor position in the war and the goal was to gain territory from France to fall back on. This plan however failed because of France's rebellion towards Germany's invading troops. -
Meat Inspection Act 1906
"The Jungle", a book that caused an uproar for the concerns of the public health, was one of the reasons for the Meat Inspection Act of 1906. Animals were required to be inspected before they were killed for meat. People started to conduct inspections in the facilities where the animals were killed then processed. This insured the safety and health concerns that the public was having. There was also no false advertisement. -
Pure food and drug act
The pure food and drug act forbade the use of false advertisement in labels in foods and drugs. Those misleading labels created confusion among consumers which was then seen as illegal. This also made it a lot safer for customers because they know what is in their food and drugs. The government was then improving the quality of life all around the nation. This type of carefulness is now seen through today's society. -
Susan B Anthony
Susan B. Anthony was a lecturer and activist for women's rights; she was also a Quaker and leader of the women's suffrage movement. Susan B. Anthony was a strong woman who believed that men and women were equal. She fought for her rights even though people objected her and ignored her presence. Susan B. Anthony's followers were nicknamed Suzy B's. She also helped find the National Women's Suffrage Association with Elizabeth Cady Stanton. -
Period: to
Progressive Era
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Great Migration
The Great Migration was the movement of African Americans from the South to the Northeast and Midwest. Some causes for the migration included decreasing agricultural prices, less immigrant workers in the North, increased manufacturing as a result of the war, and the strengthening of the Ku Klux Klan. Migration led to higher wages, more educational opportunities, and better standards of life for some blacks. -
Election of 1912
The Election of 1912 was a fail for the Republican party. When the Republican's votes were split between Taft and Roosevelt's Bull Moose Party, the Democrats stayed together and elected Wilson as President. The Republicans had no chance because they had two candidates running. The Democratic party gave the Republicans a free win because they couldn't decide on what to agree on. It was like there were two separate parties. -
Bull Moose Party
The Bull Moose Party was created because of the internal conflicts of the Republican party. The Republicans were split in 1912, so Roosevelt broke away forming his own Progressive Party or Bull Moose Party because of his quote "as fit as a moose...". His loss led to the election of Democratic nominee Woodrow Wilson, but he gained more third party votes than ever before. This failure would lead to his success. -
17th Amendment
The 17th Amendment prevented a corrupt government by opening a public vote to elect senators. The 17th Amendment was adopted shortly after direct primaries were adopted. United States Senators were originally chosen by state legislators who were controlled by a corrupt system. These Senators were known for dealing with mainly business matters in politics. Now, Senators are chosen through a popular vote. -
Federal Reserve Act
The Federal Reserve Act is seen as one of the most important piece of economic legislation between the Civil War and the New Deal. It created a regulatory agency for banking with twelve regional reserve districts. Each bank was independent but was controlled by the Federal Reserve Board, which was controlled by the public. The Federal Reserve controls the amount of money in circulation through reserves and interest rates. -
Mexican Revolution
The Mexican Revolution was a rebellion against the Mexican government from the citizens of Mexico. Porfirio Díaz, the original ruler, terrorized his people and filled the streets with bloodshed. People left Mexico for the United States to plan a revolution. Meanwhile Victoriano Huerta overthrew the dictatorship and killed Diaz. At the end of the revolution, the United States and Mexico are seen as enemies towards each other. -
Period: to
World War I
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Arch Duke Franz Ferdinand
Arch Duke Franz Ferdinand's death will lead to the first World War. The murder was led by a group of people called the "Black Hands". Members of the Black Hands waited in the streets for him to kill him because they wanted Bosnia to be free of Austria-Hungary and to become part of the Serbian kingdom. Gavrilo Princep finally succeeded in shooting both the archduke and his wife after failing the first attempt. -
Russian Revolution
The Russian Revolution was actually two revolutions in one to create a massive movement. One of the reasons why the people rebelled was because of the poor economy and lack of food. Also the climate made situations worse and made the living condition almost intolerable. This put the Czar of Russia in a bad position leading to the protest to kick him out of office and create the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union however was disbanded. -
American Expeditionary Forces
The American Expeditionary Forces or AEF for short, was the men who fought in the first World War. President Woodrow Wilson chose the leader of the AEF which was Commander in Chief Gen. John J. Pershing. They had to be trained to be able to fight and endure harsh environments. They had to be transported across the Atlantic to reach the war. The remaining AEF officers would eventually create the American Legion. -
Espionage Act
The Espionage Act, like the Sedition Act, violated the First Amendment by restricting a persons speech. It made it illegal to talk about the war and how the United States is handling the war. It also made it illegal to print and write about it. The Act made it a crime to support the enemies of the United States. The Espionage and Sedition Act basically kept everyone quiet and gave the government free reign of decisions with social backlash. -
Sedition Act
The Sedition Act was passed to keep everyone quiet about the government's plans of action. This violates the first amendment, freedom of speech, which gave everyone a voice. This act made it illegal to speak, write, and print any criticism about the government. People felt like they were being taken away their basic human rights but couldn't talk about it or they will be prosecuted. This act was offensive to republicans. -
Weimar Republic
The Weimar Republic was the first democratic government which ruled over Germany, but failed. The Democratic Republic in 1921 owed 33 billion dollars annually to the allied reparations commission. In order to recover from its severe economic issues the annual fees from the first World War were reduced each year and Germany received large amounts of loans from the United States to help repay the debt. -
Teddy Roosevelt
Teddy Roosevelt was the 26th President of the United States and was one of the most beloved president in history. He was known for conservatism and creating the trust-busters and famous Square Deal. These achievements made him even more likable and his forceful overtake of the Panama Canal was one of his greatest accomplishments. He also received a Nobel Piece Prize for negotiating peace for the Russo-Japanese War. -
Henry Cabot Lodge
Henry Cabot Lodge was a Republican that strongly disagreed with the Treaty of Versailles' proposals. He was also the chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. The Senate Foreign Relations Committee was in charge of funding projects and programs that aided senators. Henry Disagreed that the League of Nations actions to project a member that is threatened. This would probably cause an outbreak of wars. -
18th Amendment
The Eighteenth Amendment was an act to ban all alcoholic drinks to be made in the United States. This act was made to help the temperance movement and lower maternal abuse. However, this act was an immense failure because of the rebellious nature of Americans. Secret bars were made and gangs of thieves and mobs created businesses intentionally to just steal and sell alcohol. This created more problems that needed to be solved. -
Henry Ford
Henry Ford was an industrialist who created the Ford Motor Company that still exists to this very day. He was known as the leader of the industry for a long time with his different Models allowing everyone to buy a car with an affordable price. Cars were more present in streets which allowed for the constructions of more streets and bridges. He also promoted the use of the assembly line and perfected the process. -
PTSD
PTSD or post-traumatic stress disorder is a serious mental disorder affecting many surviving soldiers after the war. People with PTSD hallucinates and have flashbacks about something that terrorized them during the war. Something like watching their friends die or a large amount of people dying. The diseased would be agitated and have a change in personalities. This ruined personal relationships of the person. -
Period: to
1920s
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League of Nations
The League of Nations was a result of the first World War at the Paris Peace conference. After the first World War, different countries came together to create laws to prevent another World War. The League of Nations is basically a way to keep the world allied powers from becoming enemies and help debt payoffs. However, the United States first declined this offer and would try to stay as independent as possible. -
Treaty of Versailles
The Treaty of Versailles of 1920 ended the first World War. Representatives from the countries involved came together in the Palace of Versailles just outside of Paris, to discuss what should and should not happen. Germany was demanded to sign the presented treaty written up by the Allied powers. They were also forced to take full responsibility of the war and pay off a debt of thirty billion dollars. -
19th Amendment
The Nineteenth Amendment would change the history of the United States forever. This Amendment allowed women to vote, which is an unexpected turn from the government. Women and men have been fighting to get this to happen for the longest time and it has finally happened. Women at this time are thrilled and are getting treated better. However, women still deals with lower pay rate than men and are still treated inferior to men. -
Tea Pot Dome Scandal
The Tea Pot Dome Scandal was a symbol of how the United States government was corrupt. This incident happened under the administration of President Warren G. Harding. Secretary of the Interior Albert Bacon Fall leased a reserved to the Navy for funds. This gave the government affluent amounts of money, but was unconstitutional because those reserves were private and were not supposed to be leased to anyone. -
Big Stick Policy
The Big Stick Policy was created by the twenty sixth president, Theodore Roosevelt. He stated that we should carry a big stick but be quiet about it. This means that we should have a strong large army, and only use it when necessary. This would be a surprise to the attacker and would give us an advantage. He used this strategy to create the Panama Canal by a strong unexpected navy. This policy is still used today. -
Warren Harding
President Warren G. Harding was the twenty ninth president of the United States. He was a republican that promised to turn everything back to normal after the first World war. Warren also tried not to make any enemies during his presidency, but was involved in the Tea Pot Dome Scandal. He was also known to be affiliated with the Ohio Gang and was thought to hire them to do some financial jobs. He passed away in his presidency. -
Immigration Act of 1924
The Immigration Act of 1924 limited the already limited amount of people allowed to immigrated to the United States. The numbers went from 3 percent to 2 percent of people who were allowed in the United States. The chances of making it to the promised land seemed slim to none. The Act was passed to protect nativists their jobs. Immigrants were also treated with despise and hate and were seen as aliens. -
Scopes Monkey Trial
John T. Scopes, a substitute teacher, was charged for teaching the wrong things to a class of students. John Scopes taught his students about evolution which was rendered useless because of religious groups. People were supposed to believe what the Bible said and not what science is saying. He was then sued which led to the Scopes Monkey Trial and was let off due to technicality, but was charged for a few thousand dollars. -
Ku Klux Klan
The Ku Klux Klan was a group of white men and women who oppressed other races of people. They killed and terrorized and targeted blacks. The Klan originally started after the Civil war when black slaves became free. This Klan caused the government several mishaps while the government was trying to stop this terror from spreading throughout the United States. The Klan saw a lot of attention as more members joined. -
Charles Lindbergh
Charles Lindbergh made a name for himself by being the first to fly solo across the Atlantic ocean without stopping to rest. This gave Charles plenty of fame and fortune as he gave tours of his plane and was asked to speak publicly. However, his fortunes turned to misfortunes as his children were kidnapped and held for ransom. Charles refused to pay the price for his kids and they were murdered by the criminals. -
Herbert Hoover
Herbert Hoover won the 1928 election as a Republican nomination, despite having no experience in the office. Hoover's win was Hoover is the most recent cabinet secretary to be elected President of the United States, as well as one of only two Presidents to have been elected without previous electoral experience or high military rank. The United States was leading a landslide victory for Hoover over Al Smith. -
Period: to
The Great Depression
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Valentine's Day Massacre
The St Valentine's Day Massacre was a bloody and well-planned killing between two gangs disputing about territory. Al Capone, one of the meanest and leading gang boss, ordered an attack on the O' Banion gang. He dressed his men up as cops and was ordered to enter a bar to arrest them for drinking alcohol. They were then brought to their knees and were supposed to arrested, but then shot them dead. -
Al Capone
Al Capone was the United States' leading gangster who was seen as ruthless and merciless. Capone's work gave him a reputation for being the meanest gang boss of them all terrorizing the streets of Chicago. He killed plenty of people to show his dominance over his land. He actually unnecessarily killed a lot of people just to show that he doesn't need violence to get what he wants. He was arrested for Tax Evasion. -
Election of 1932
The Election of 1932 would elect Franklin Delano Roosevelt, one of the best president the United States has ever seen. He energetic attitude gave people a reason to love him. Although he was pretty old for his age, he was seen as fresh and restless. He ambitious push for the New Deal gave him leeway as this deal was seen as the perfect plan. The election ended in the lost of Hoover and great victory for FDR. -
Eleanor Roosevelt
Eleanor Roosevelt was Franklin Delano Roosevelt's wife and third cousin. Her achievements made Americans happy and was equal to everyone. She was not at all racist and gave black people hope to rid away Jim Crow. Eleanor was a great supporter of civil rights.. She also worked for birth control and better conditions for working women. She also supported FDR when he was sick and supported his "New Deal". -
Glass-Steagall Act
The Glass-Steagall Act was passed to prevent another Great Depression or any type of depression or panic of that matter from happening again. This act forbade commercial banks from engaging in excessive speculation, added $1 billion in gold to economy and established the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. By doing this the economy rose by quite a big margin and the United States saw a great improvement. -
Franklin Delano Roosevelt
Franklin Delano Roosevelt or FDR was a Democratic candidate who won the 1932 election by a landslide. He refused to uphold any of Hoover's policies with the intent on enacting his own. He pledged a present a "New Deal" to the American public. His work was impeccable as he pushed and pushed different types of new laws through congress for the people. His actions and success would lead to a strong reputation. -
Adjustment Act
The Agricultural Adjustment Act or AAA gave farmers a safety net to fall on. It protected farmers from price drops by giving government funds to those who needs them. This would then reduce production of crops to ease out the prices and settle them in. This also enhanced educational programs that taught ways to prevent soil erosion. This was one of the many acts passed by FDR's successive "New Deal". -
20th Amendment
The twentieth Amendment shortened the lame-duck periods, which meant that the former president's time was shortened and made the new president go into office earlier. The start of congressional terms moved to January third and congress will meat on January third. It also gave emergency presidential and vice presidential succession. -
21st Amendment
The Twenty First Amendment gave adults great relief and made it legal again to drink alcoholic drinks. Although alcohol was legal, the restricting age limit was twenty one years old. This means that the old eighteen year old of age was now rendered useless. Also, local states laws could forbid drinking laws, which means it would not matter if the states banned alcohol. The term wet and dry states came from this. -
Exchange Act
The Securities Exchange Act created the (SEC) Securities and Exchange Commission, which became responsible prevents manipulation of stocks by insider trading and provide regulatory oversight of trading practices. This made it a lot harder to get away with government scandals. It also steered corruption away from the government. It also made sure that what was happening was fair to every process that was made. -
Social Security Act
The Social Security Act would guaranteed retirement payments for enrolled workers beginning at age 65 and set up federal-state system of unemployment insurance and care for dependent mothers and children, the handicapped, and public health. It was funded by payroll taxes relative to individual income. This made it so that homelessness decreased for the elderly because of their inability to work due to their condition. -
Volstead Act
The Volstead Act specified that "no person shall manufacture, sell, barter, transport, import, export, deliver, furnish or possess any intoxicating liquor except as authorized by this act." It did not specifically prohibit the purchase or use of intoxicating liquors. This act gave the government full reign and control with the alcohol industry. They would end up controlling the prices and tax for alcohol. -
Neutrality Act
The Neutrality Act was made to keep America away from all of the war that was going on in Europe. The president prohibited all arms shipments and to forbid US citizens to travel on the ships of belligerent nations. Forbade the extension of loans and credits to belligerents. Forbade the shipment of arms to the opposing sides in the civil war in Spain. Although this act was passed, America would end up in war. -
Period: to
World War II
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Pearl Harbor
Pearl Harbor would be the reason why the United States end up in World War two. The US did not know about the Japanese's plan to attack at several naval bases wiping out many ships and killing 3000 men. The next day the US declares war on Japan. The Day after that the Germans and Italy declare war on the US. The US decided this was the only way to keep the US safe from anarchy. The US would respond by bombing Japan. -
Battle of Moscow
The Battle of Moscow or Operation Barbarossa's failure led to Hitler's demands for further operations inside the USSR, all of which eventually failed and Battle of Stalingrad, among other battles on occupied Soviet territory. Operation Barbarossa was the largest military operation in human history in both manpower and casualties. Its failure was a turning point in the Third Reich's fortunes. This failure would set a domino affect on the Germans. -
Executive Order 9066
Executive Order 9066 was made to protect the Japanese Americans who lived in the United States from backlash from the incident with Pearl Harbor. authorized the Secretary of War and the U.S. Armed Forces to declare military areas from which any or all persons may be excluded. Did not specify nationality or ethnic group but led to the relocation of Japanese Americans to internment camps. Americans were furious with Japan and would take it out on them. -
Battle of Stalingrad
The Battle of Stalingrad was the furthest that the Germans went into Soviet Russia. Hitler became too confident in his capabilities and split his army to move towards the center. This gave Russia time to fight back and push back. The city of Stalingrad during World War II from 1942 to 1943 was where this fight took place. -
Battle of Leningrad
The Battle of Leningrad, also known as the Leningrad Blockade was a prolonged military operation resulting from the failure of the German Army Group North to capture Leningrad now known as Saint Peters-burg, in the Eastern Front theater of World War II. The siege started on 8 September 1941, when the last land connection to the city was severed. These failures led Germany to go into defensive mode. -
Battle of the Atlantic
The Battle of the Atlantic resulted into conflicts between British and American ships and German U-Boats. Germany suffered heavy losses, due to the innovations of radar and code-breaking within Allied ranks. Technological advances from the United States gave them a large advantage which gave them not only the power of the sky, but also the sea. Strong offensive and defensive machinery was a huge problem for Germany. -
Hitler
Adolf Hitler, would become one of the worse dictators in the world. His "work" made people hate him. His massacre of killing millions of Jews would lead to Germany's debt and Germans being hated. He also caused the Second World War by trying to take over the whole world and establishing the Nazi race. His ideals and preference for the perfect human being was famous and acknowledge by his huge following. -
Battle of Berlin
The Battle of Berlin, designated the Berlin Strategic Offensive Operation by the Soviet Union, was the final major offensive of the European Theater of World War II. Before the battle was over, German Fuhrer Adolf Hitler and a number of his followers committed suicide. The city's defenders finally surrendered on 2 May. This battle gave people around the world relief that the war was finally over and peace was to be brought.
