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Sep 25, 1555
The peace of Augsburg
Allowed Luthernism and Catholicism to coexist; therefore, princes could choose a religion to rule their state. http://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/history/augsburg-peace-of.html -
Period: to
Kind Christian IV of Denmark
Lost two wars against Sweden and entered the Thirty Years' War. Actively promoted shipping and trade and left a lot of great buildings after his ruling. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Christian-IV -
Period: to
Maximilian I of Bavaria
Duke of Bavaria. Created the Roman Catholic League to oppose the Protestant Union. As a ruler, built a strong army and revised the law code. In 1623 became elector of Bavaria. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Maximilian-I-duke-of-Bavaria -
Period: to
Cardinal Richelieu King Louis XIII
King of France. Made his country a leading power with the help of Cardinal de Richelieu - one of his chief ministers, whom he relied heavily on. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Louis-XIII -
Period: to
King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden
Made Sweden a great European power. Led his country in the Thirty Years' War as one of the greatest military commanders. Had many achievements in economics, trade, and modernisation as well. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustavus_Adolphus_of_Sweden -
Period: to
The Bohemian Period
A revolt in Prague that began in 1618. The opposing forces were the Protestant Union and the Catholic League, which were the ones who won. Ferdinand II won the Bohemian throne. https://prezi.com/jcoad-sonedf/bohemian-phase-of-thirty-years-war/ -
Defenestration of Prague
Protestant chapels in Bohemia were closed by Roman Catholics, resulting in a conflict. William Slavata and Jaroslav Martinic were thrown from the window of a chapel in Prague on that date, which begun the Bohemian revolt. https://www.britannica.com/event/Defenestration-of-Prague-1618 -
Period: to
Ferdinand of Syria as king of Bohemia
Began the Thirty Years' War. Tried to impose Roman Catholic absolutism and won after a struggle against nobles of Bohemia and Austria that lasted five years. https://www.britannica.com/event/Thirty-Years-War -
Battle of White Mountain
Fought in Bohemia. Roman Catholic Habsburgs won over the Protestant Union. Enabled the establishment of a authoritanian government. https://www.britannica.com/event/Battle-of-White-Mountain -
Period: to
Philip IV of Spain
Ruled during the Thirty Years' War, while Spain was declining in all areas, expanded only in territory. Well - known as a patron of arts. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_IV_of_Spain -
Period: to
The Danish Period
The king of Denmark - Christian IV, opposed the emperor Ferdinand. He was defeated and signed the Treaty of Lubeck, while Ferdinand issued the Edict of Institution, claiming that Protestant possessions should go back to the Catholic Church. http://thirtyyearswar.tripod.com/danish.html -
Treaty of Lubeck
End of the Danish period. Allowed Denmark to keep its territory and the Catholic League was officially included as a party. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_L%C3%BCbeck -
Period: to
The Swedish Period
Gustavus Adolphus - the king of Sweden, participated in the war and defeated Tilly in the battle of Lech, but was killed by Wallenstein, even though the Swedes won.They were finally defeated in the battle of Nordlingen. Wallenstein was assassinated. http://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/history/thirty-years-war-the-swedish-period.html -
Battle of Lutzen
The Swedish army fought against the Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II. Even though the Swedes won, their king, Gustavus II Adolphus, lost his life. The battle was known for the foggy weather. https://www.britannica.com/event/Battle-of-Lutzen -
Period: to
The French Period
The war changed from religious to political. Cardinal Richelieu of France joined forces with the Swedish army against Germany. They were significantly stronger due to their leaders, like Vicomte de Turenne, Tortensson and Louis II de Condé, and won a series of victories. http://thirtyyearswar.tripod.com/swedes.html -
Treaty of Prague
Ended the war between Austia and Prussia. German princes were weakened and Venetia was lost by Asutria and later given to Italy. The Kingdom of Prussia remained the only major Grman force. http://thirtyyearswar30.weebly.com/treaty-of-prague.html -
The Treaty of Westphalia
Series of peace treaties that marked the end of the German phase of the Thirty Years' War and the Eighty Years' war between Spain and the Dutch Republic, recognizing Spain as independent. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peace_of_Westphalia -
Peace of Pyrenees
Treaty signed between France and Spain by Louis XIV and Philip IV. Ended the war between the two countries and marked the beginning of the French hegemony. https://www.britannica.com/event/Peace-of-the-Pyrenees
