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Period: 701 to 901
Origin and formation of the Christian kingdoms
(S.VIII-S.X) -
711
Battle of Guadalete
Is the name with which a battle that took place in the Iberian Peninsula near the Guadalete River and whose consequences were decisive for the future of the peninsula. In it the Goth King Rodrigo was defeated and probably lost his life at the hands of the forces of the Umayyad Caliphate commanded by Táriq ibn Ziyad. -
722
Battle of Covadonga
The Battle of Covadonga took place in 718 or 722 in Covadonga (Spain), a place near Cangas de Onís (Asturias), between the Asturian army of Don Pelayo and troops of al-Ándalus, who were defeated -
756
Abd al-Rahman I, emir umayyad from Al-Andalus
He was a prince of the umayyad dynasty who after various vicissitudes,became the first independent emir of Córdoba, founding the umawi dynasty there. -
830
Creation of the Kingdom of Pamplona
The kingdom of Pamplona was a political entity created in the western Pyrenees around the city of Pamplona in the early centuries of the Reconquest. -
929
Abd al-Rahman III,caliph of Al-Andalus
He was the eighth and last independent emir and first omega caliph of Córdoba. -
951
Castilla county independence
The county of Castilla was a geographical area that was part of the kingdom of Asturias and the kingdom of León until it took the form of an autonomous State in 932. A century later, in 1065, it became the kingdom of Castilla. -
979
Al-Mansur military expeditions
It is clear the allusion to the fact that al-Mansur was not a king or son of a king and his cultural policy, contrary to that of al-Hakam II, only intended not to contradict the narrow views of the Malik doctors. -
Period: 1001 to 1101
Consolidation of Christian kingdoms
(S.XI-S.XII) -
Period: 1031 to 1086
Taifa kingdoms
They were small kingdoms in which the Caliphate of Córdoba was divided from the Cordovan Revolution that deposed Caliph Hisham II in 1009; although the caliphate didn’t disappear at that time. -
1035
Death of Sancho II "el Mayor" of Pamplona
Sancho Garcés III, nicknamed the Major or the Great, was king of Pamplona from 1004 until his death. His reign is considered the stage of greatest hegemony in the kingdom of Pamplona over the Spanish-Christian sphere in all its history. Died October 18, 1035
Burial Monastery of San Salvador de Oña or Pantheon of kings of San Isidoro de León -
1038
The kingdom of Castilla annexes the kingdom of León
After the monarch's death in 1065 the kingdoms are divided among his sons. In a civil war against his brothers Alfonso and García, he dynamically reunites the kingdoms of León and Castilla for the first time. -
Period: 1043 to 1099
Rodrigo Díaz de Vívar "el Cid"
Rodrigo Díaz was a Castilian military leader who came to dominate the Levante of the Iberian peninsula at the end of his 11th century as an independent lordship with respect to the authority of any king. He managed to conquer Valencia and established an independent lordship in this city from June 17, 10944 until his death; he was inherited and kept by his wife Jimena Díaz until 1102, when it reverted to Muslim rule. -
1086
Arrival of the Almoravids
With its arrival in the Iberian Peninsula in 1086, a long period of Andalusian history began, characterized by the intervention of three Maghreb dynasties. -
Period: 1086 to 1212
North African empire
The African empires were states that included multinational structures that encompassed varied populations and policies in a single entity, usually through conquests. -
1118
Conquest of Zaragoza by Alfonso II
The conquest of Zaragoza in 1118 was a military operation led by Alfonso I el Batallador, king of Aragon and Pamplona, which allowed him to snatch the city of Zaragoza from the Almoravids. -
1128
Alfonso Enriquez makes the kingdom of Portugal independent
The birth of the Kingdom of Portugal occurred in 1139 when Count Alfonso Henríquez del Condado Portucalense began to call himself "king". The independence of the Kingdom of Portugal with respect to the Kingdom of León was consolidated in 1179 when the papacy recognized Alfonso Henríquez as king in the bull Manifestis Probatum. -
1137
Marriage between Petronila de Aragón and Ramón Berenguer IV
Marital capitulations are signed in Barbastro with the Count of Barcelona, Ramón Berenguer IV, thus the kingdom of Aragon and the county of Barcelona would be unified. Doña Petronila's wedding with Ramón Berenguer IV was celebrated thirteen years later in Lérida, in the month of August 1150, when the queen reached the age required by Canon Law to be able to consummate the marriage, fourteen years. -
1147
Arrival of the almohades
They disembarked since 1145 in the Iberian Peninsula and tried to unify the taifa using the resistence against Christians and the defense of Isalamic purity. -
1201
The great expansion of the Christian kingdoms
(S.XIII)The advance of the Christian kingdoms was in part the response to a demographic and economic expansion of the warrior societies of the north of the Peninsula. ... The old Kingdom of León gave rise to three kingdoms: the Kingdom of Portugal, the Kingdom of León and the Kingdom of Castile. -
Period: 1201 to 1401
Nasrid kingdom of Granada
(S.XIII-S.XV) -
Period: 1212 to 1492
Nasrid Kingdom of Granada
Nasrid kingdom of Granada, also known as Emirate of Granada or Sultanate of Granada, was a Muslim state located in the south of the Iberian Peninsula, with capital in the city of Granada, which existed during de Middle Ages. -
1213
Pedro II de Aragón is defeated in the battle of Muret
1213: Pedro II de Aragón is defeated by Simón de Monfort in Muret. On September 12, 1213, Pedro II of Aragon lost his life when he was defeated by Simón de Monfort in the battle of Muret. -
1230
Definitive union of the kingdoms of Castilla y león
The Crown of is usually considered to begin with the last and final union of the Crowns of Leon and Castile, with their respective kingdoms and entities, in 1230, or with the union of the Cortes, some decades later. -
1238
Jaime I of Aragon conquers Valencia
The conquest of Valencia was the set of military maneuvers that led to the annexation of most of the current territory of the Valencian Community to the Crown of Aragon. In just sixteen years, between 1229 and 1245, the Crown of Aragon achieved the conquest of much of what would later be known as the Kingdom of Valencia. -
1282
Pedro II "the Great" of Aragon incorporates Sicily
Pedro III de Aragón (Valencia, 1240-Villafranca del Penedés, November 11, 1285), called the Great, was the son of Jaime I the Conqueror and his second wife Violante of Hungary. He succeeded his father in 1276 in the titles of King of Aragon, King of Valencia and Count of Barcelona. Furthermore, he also became king of Sicily. -
1492
Conquest of Granada by the Catholic Monarchs
The war in Granada was the set of military campaigns that took place between 1482 and 1492, undertaken by Queen Elizabeth I of Castile and her husband King Ferdinand II of Aragon inside the Nasrid Kingdom of Granada,that had consequences ending the historical process of the Reconquest in the eighth century and by which Pope Alexander VI recognized Isabel and Ferdinand with the title of Catholic Monarchs in 1496.
