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Africans or Europeans ?
Throughout the 17th century, European settlers in North America turned to African slaves as a cheaper, more plentiful labor source than indentured servants, who were mostly poor Europeans. -
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What is slavery in the 17th and the 18th century?
People were kidnapped from Africa, forced into slavery and exploited to work as indentured servants and labor in the production of crops such as tobacco, rice, indigo and cotton, of the southern coast, from the Chesapeake Bay colonies of Maryland and Virginia south to Georgia.
Slave owners sought to make their enslaved completely dependent on them through a system of restrictive codes. They were usually prohibited from learning to read and write, and their behavior and movement was restricted. -
The Beginning of slavery
The White Lion, a privateer, brought twenty African slaves ashore in the British colony of Jamestown, Viriginia. The crew had seized the slaves from the Portugese slave ship Sao Jao Bautista. -
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The American Revolution
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The abolition of slavery in the nouthern states
All of the northern states abolished slavery but it remained absolutely vital to the South. -
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The economic crisis
In the late 18th century, with the land used to grow tobacco nearly exhausted, the South faced an economic crisis, and the continued growth of slavery in America seemed in doubt. -
The beginning of the Underground Railroad
Free blacks and other antislavery northerners had begun helping enslaved people escape from southern plantations to the North via a loose network of safe houses. This practice gained real momentum in the 1830s. Conductors like Harriet Tubman guided escapees on their journey North, and “stationmasters” included such prominent figures as Frederick Douglass. It may have helped anywhere from 40,000 to 100,000 slaves reach freedom. -
A call for slavery’s abolition
After Amercian Revolution, many colonists linked the oppression of enslaved Africans to their own oppression by the British : they began to call for slavery’s abolition. -
The invention of the cotton gin
Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin, a mechanized device that removed the seeds. His device would transition from the large-scale production of tobacco to that of cotton : a switch that reinforced the region’s dependence on slave labor. -
The Slave Rebellion by Gabriel Prosser
The Slave Rebellion led by Gabriel Prosser in Richmond. -
The U.S. Congress
The U.S. Congress outlawed the African slave trade. However, the domestic trade flourished, and the enslaved population in the U.S. nearly tripled over the next 50 years (nearly 4 million) -
The Slave Rebellion by Denmark Vesey
The Slave Rebellion led by Denmark Vesey in Charleston. -
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The beginning of abolitionist movements
The movement to abolish slavery in America gained strength, led by free blacks such as Frederick Douglass and white supporters such as William Lloyd Garrison, founder a the radical newspaper , and Harriet Beecher Stowe, who published the bestselling antislavery novel. -
The Slave Rebellion by Nat Turner
The Slave Rebellion led by Nat Turner in Southampton County, Virginia. It was the revolt the most terrifying for the white slaveholders. Turner's group was composed of around 75 blacks and murdered some 60 whites in two days. -
Publication of the preliminary emancipation proclamation by Lincoln
Lincoln published a preliminary emancipation proclamation. -
The slaves became free
Lincoln made it official that “slaves within any State, or designated part of a State…in rebellion,…shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free.” He freed some 3 million enslaved people. -
The 13th Amendment officially abolished slavery
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The rebirth of white supremacy such as the Ku Klux Klan (KKK)
The rebirth of white supremacy like the rise of racist organizations such as the Ku Klux Klan (KKK), which had triumphed in the South. -
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The Civil Rights Movement
The Civil rights Movement was a mobilization for social, political and economic justice that took place in the United States, in response to centuries of violence against and oppression of Black people in this country, especially due to slavery. -
The Children Crusade : the legacy of the Civil Rights Movement
It is a protest group of children and teens in Birmingham that fights against racism : it is a march for justice to denounce the violent reaction of the police (attack dogs and hoses). This reaction shocked the world.
