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1415
Prince Henry's Caper
Prince Henry's goal was to "capture the main Muslim trading depot [in] Morocco" (22). -
Period: 1415 to
History of Racism and Antiracism
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1450
The Chronicle of the Discovery and Conquest of Guinea
According to Kendi and Reynolds, "Zurara was the first person to write about and defend Black human ownership" (25). -
1450
World's first African Racist
al-Hasan Ibn Muhammad al-Wazzan al-Fasi who was enslaved and freed by Pope Leo X and later "converted him to Christianity, named him Johannes Leo" was the first African to openly go along with European Racism (26). -
1577
Cursed theory
English travel writer George Best determined that "it couldn't have been the climate that made darker people inferior, and instead determined that Africans were, in fact, cursed" (30). -
Jamestown's First Slave
In August 1619, a Spanish ship called the San Juan Bautista was hijacked by 2 pirate ships. The ship was carrying 350 enslaved Angolans. The pirates took 60 of the Angolans and headed to the east (36). -
Richard Mather's arrival
Richard Mather was a Puritan who came to America to practice a "more disciplined and rigid" (32) form of Christianity. -
Cotton Mather was Born
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"Voluntary" Slaves
In Richard Baxter's writing he argued that he "believed slavery was helpful for African people" And "even said there were 'voluntary slaves,' " (39). -
Creation of White Privileges
In response to Nathaniel Bacon's uprising, local government decided to give "all Whites [...] absolute power to abuse any African person" (45). -
First Antiracist Writing in the Colonies
The Mennonites were against slavery because they "equat[ed]" (41) discrimination based on skin color to discrimination based on religion/ -
The Witch Hunt Begins
When Parris's nine-year-old daughter suffered convulsions and chokes, he believed she'd been possessed or cursed by a witch. The witch hunt began (50). -
The Great Awakening
"First Great Awakening, which swept through the colonies in the 1730s, spearheaded by a Connecticut man named Jonathan Edwards" (53). -
American Philosophical Society
In 1743, Franklin started a club called "the Philosophical Society" in Philadelphia. It was basically "a club for smart (White) people" (57). -
The (American)Enlightenment
After Cotton Mather's death, his followers continuing his legacy, the new America entered, now called the Enlightenment era (56). -
John Wheatley's test
John Wheatley got 18 of the smartest men in America together in Boston so that they could test his adopted daughter to "see if a Black person could really be as intelligent and literate as Phillis" Even though no one would publish her, but "Wheatley's achievements still proved a point, that black people weren't dumb" (60-61). -
Declaration of Independence
"All men are created equal" neither if he mean it or not, that wasn't the case (68). -
The Three Fifths Compromise
"Every five slaves equaled three humans" (73). -
The Haitian Revolution
In August 1791, about half a million enslaved Africans in Haiti rose up against French rule and won. Haiti became the first Eastern Hemisphere's symbol of freedom, (75) and that scared a lot of slave owners in America. -
(Possibly) North America's Biggest Uprising
"The revolt was scheduled for Saturday, August 30, 1800. But two cynical slaves-snitches-begging for their master's favor, betrayed..." (80). -
Jefferson's Slave Trade Act
"He brought about a new Slave Trade Act. The goal was to stop the import of people from Africa and the Caribbean into America, and fine illegal slave traders" (82-83). -
The Missouri Compromise
The Missouri Compromise of 1820 admit Missouri as a slave state, and admit Maine as a free state to make sure that there was an equal amount of slave and free state(86-87). -
Thomas Jefferson's Death
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Garrison's First Abolition Speech
Garrison was unafraid to speak out against colonization, he wrote a pamphlet arguing against the idea that Black people we made to serve White people( 95-96). -
Nat Turner's Rebellion
He was a slave and preacher, "he was called upon by God to plan and execute a massive crusade, an uprising that would free slaves..."(98). -
AASS Abolitionist Pamphlets
A group of abolitionists, AASS stands for American Anti-Slavery Society (99). -
Frederick Douglass' Narrative published
A book that outlined Douglass' life and Gabe a firsthand account of the horrors of slavery (102-103). -
Uncle Tom's Cabin
Uncle Tom believed that we must all be slaves to God, And since "Black people made the best Slaves(to man) they made the best Christians" (104-108). -
Start of Civil War
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The Emancipation
The Emancipation is "a bill passed that declared all Confederate-owned Africans who escaped to Union lines or who resided in territories occupied by the Union to be 'forever free of their servitude' " (115-116) -
End of Civil War
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40 Acres and a Mule
Pennsylvania congressman, Thaddeus Stevens fought for the redistribution of land to award former slaves forty acres to work for themselves. (120) -
The 15th Fifteenth Amendment
(121-122).
