-
Period: to
The Russian Revolution
The lead-up, breakout, conclusion, and aftermath -
The Reign of Czar Alexander III (1881-1894)
Description:
-Contributed to the Anti-Semitic sentiment happening at the time
-Promoted the nobility's interests
-Three principle aims: autocracy(one-man rule), orthodoxy(one religion), and national homogeneity(one race)
Significance:
-Set a foundation for the peoples discontent for the czar -
The Reign of Czar Nicholas II (1894-1917)
Description:
-Believed absolute power belonged to the Russian Monarchy
-Was oblivious to most of the Russian people's needs
Significance:
-Was in power when the Russian Revolution broke out
-Increased people's discontent with the government
-Created Duma to make people more content with his rule -
Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905)
Description:
-Began as a disagreement of who owned territory in Northern China
-Japan had the advantage; more ground troops and superior navy, geographic advantage, and Russia was not industrialized yet
Significance:
-Caused people to believe that the government was inefficient
-Contributed to Czar Nichola II's bad reputation
-One reason why Czar Nichola II created the Duma -
The Establishment of The Duma
Description:
-Was an elected legislature
-Czar Nichola II made sure it didn't have much power
Significance:
-Created to calm the Russian people -
Bloody Sunday
Description:
-200,000 workers peacefully marched on the Czar's Winter Palace
-They wanted better living and working conditions
-The Czar's police fired on the crowd
Significance:
-Caused more internal disorder
-Contributed to Czar Nichola II's bad reputation
-A large part of why Czar Nichola II created the Duma -
Russia's Participation in WWI (1914-1918)
Description:
-Due to internal turmoil and the fact that Russia was not industrialized, Russia had to drop out early
Significance:
-The citizens blamed the czar for fighting in the war -
The Death of Rasputin
Description:
-Rasputin was a mystic peasant, uneducated
-Was believed to have healing powers and could tell the future
-Alexandra, the Czarina, had a son that had hemophilia. She thought that when her son was around Rasputin he got better
-Assumed control of the government while Czar Nichola II was fighting in WWI, did a terrible job
-Was assassinated by the members of the nobility
Significance:
-Contributed to Czar Nichola II's bad reputation -
Abdication of Provisional Government
Description:
-Soviets, or local councils of workers, peasants, and especially soldiers, popped up around Russia. They became more powerful than the Provisional Government and promoted revolution and socialism
-Lenin takes advantage of weak government
-Bolsheviks overthrow Provisional Government in 1917
Significance:
-Weaken government made it easier to revolt -
Bolshevik Revolution (1917-1920)
Description:
-Lenin, the leader of the Bolsheviks, creates the Cheka. A secret police force that targeted enemies of the Bolsheviks
-The Bolshevik redistributed farmland to peasants, turned factories over to workers, and ended involvement in WWI
Significance:
-Provided a foundation for the establishment of the USSR -
Russian Civil War (1918-1920)
Description:
-Red Army (Bolsheviks) vs White Army (Conservatives)
-The leader of the Red Army was Leon Trotsky
-The Red Army won
Significance:
-Got rid of competitors allowing for the establishment of the USSR -
Establishment of USSR (1922-1991)
Description:
-Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, aka the Soviet Union
-A group of self-governing republics that discouraged nationalism
-Communist (Bolshevik) Party holds all power (This is not true communism)
Significance:
-Will exist until 1991
-Turned Russia into an industrial and political power -
Stalin's Rise to Power (1922-1927)
Description:
-Manipulates his way into power despite Lenin’s concerns
-By 1928, Stalin is in command of the Communist Party
-Has Lenin exiled in 1929 and later killed
Significance:
-Turned the USSR into a totalitarian regime
-Turned Russia into an industrial and political power -
Lenin's Death
Description:
-He died in 1924 of a stroke
Significance:
-Set up competition for his replacement
-Leon Trotsky, Red Army Commander or Joseph Stalin "Man of Steel" -
Leon Trotsky's Exile
Description:
-Stalin exiles him to Mexico
-He is killed 11 years later via icepick to the head
Significance:
-This was done to make sure Trotsky would have no influence over Russia
