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1445
Gutenberg prints the first Bible
the first major book printed using mass-produced movable metal type in Europe. -
1449
Birth of Lorenzo de'Medic
Patron of the arts -
1473
Nicolas Copernicus publishes On the Revolution of the Celestial Spheres
placed the sun at the center of the universe and argued that the Earth moved across the heavens as one of the planets -
1503
Leonardo da Vinci paints the Mona Lisa
Popular portrait of Lisa Gherardini -
1504
Michelangelo sculpts the David
one of a series of large statues to be positioned in the niches of the cathedral’s tribunes -
1516
Thomas More writes Utopia
indirectly criticizing Europe's political corruption and religious hypocrisy -
1517
Martin Luther posts 95 Theses on the door of Castle Church
95 revolutionary opinions that would begin the Protestant Reformation -
1534
King Henry VIII begins Protestant Anglican church
declared himself to be supreme head of the Church of England -
1564
William Shakespeare is born
Stratford-upon-Avon, United Kingdom -
Galileo invents a thermometer
a sealed glass cylinder containing a clear liquid and several glass vessels of varying mass
