The Evolution of Educational Curriculum

The History of Educational Curriculum

Period: Jan 1, 1850 to Sep 30, 2016

1868 Department of Education

Mar 2, 1867

President Andrew Johnson established the agency, later known as the Office of Education in 1868. It was created to collect statistical data on the nation’s educational system. Although not directly tied to curriculum, the agency uses statistical data to evaluate the U.S. educational system as a whole (Department of Education, 2010). U.S. Department of Education. (2010). An overview of the U.S. department of education. Retrieved from http://www2.ed.gov/about/overview/focus/what_pg2.html

1892 Committee of Ten

Jul 9, 1892

Charles Eliot chaired the NEA’s Committee of Ten. The NEA established a standardized curriculum to encompass high school studies. This ensured all students attending high school, no matter what ethnic, economic or ethnic background, received the same standard curriculum (Weidner, n.d). Weidner, L. (n.d.). THE N.E.A. COMMITTEE OF TEN. Retrieved from https://www3.nd.edu/~rbarger/www7/neacom10.html

1909 Indianola Junior High School

Sep 7, 1909

First junior high school in the U.S., established to prepare students for the jump between elementary and high school. New curriculum developed by J.A Shawn and William O. Thompson bridged the gap for students preparing for high school (Tebben, 2012). Tebben, G. (2012). Columbus mileposts | Sept. 7, 1909: Indianola junior high first of its kind in U.S. Retrieved from http://www.dispatch.com/content/stories/local/2012/09/07/indianola-junior-high-first-of-its-kind-in-u-s-.html

1920 Jean Piaget "Cognitive Learning Thoery"

Nov 1, 1920

The development of curriculum to address the cognitive learning styles of young children directly impacts many of the school programs. Presnell (1999) states, “Children in these programs are encouraged to learn through discovery” (p. 2). Piaget’s cognitive theory influences curriculum even today. Presnell, F. (1999). Jean piaget. Retrieved from http://www.muskingum.edu/~psych/psycweb/history/piaget.htm

1965 Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA)

Apr 9, 1965

Signed into law by President Lyndon Johnson on 9 April 1965 - This law authorizes states to develop programs to address the needs of a wide range of students through curriculum and other avenues for students with disabilities, living in poverty, and others with English difficulties to succeed (Thomas & Brady, 2005). Thomas, J. Y. & Brady, K. P. (2005). Review of research in education. 29(51), DOI: 10.3102/0091732X029001051

1972 Indian Education Act (IEA)

Jun 23, 1972

President Nixon signed the law - It aided public schools with Indian students by providing money to build curriculum for the enhancement of student studies, specifically materials and lessons. The programs addressed the cultural and communication needs of the students (Hunt, 2012). Hunt, D. (2012). BIA's impact on indian education is an education in bad education. Retrieved from http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2012/01/30/bias-impact-indian-education-education-bad-education-75083

1984 Emergency Immigrant Education Act (EIEA)

Mar 8, 1984

Sponsored by Rep. Ronald D. Coleman and James C. Wright Jr. of Texas. EIEA provided grants from the U.S government to supplement costs incurred by states dealing with the explosion of immigrant students in the U.S. school system, both public and private. The grants developed curriculum for the growing multicultural and diverse classrooms (Sass, 2016). Sass, E. (2016). American educational history: A hypertext timeline. Retrieved from http://www.eds-resources.com/educationhistorytimeline.html

2001 No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB)

Jan 8, 2002

George W. Bush signed the law – NCLB updated the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965. It increased accountability of schools, and held them responsible for poor performance. NCLB created standardized testing, ensured standard education through curriculum and well qualified educators for the job (Klein, 2015). Klein, A. (2015). No child left behind: An overview. Retrieved from http://www.edweek.org/ew/section/multimedia/no-child-left-behind-overview-definition-summary.html

2009 Common Core State Standards Initiative

Aug 31, 2009

The initiative spanned several presidential administrations, Reagan to Obama. It influenced curriculum in core competencies, reading and ELA. The Council of Chief State School Officers (CCSSO) developed standards with help of experts, parents, and public (National Conference of State Legislation, 2014). National Conference of State Legislation. (2014). Overview of the common core state standards. Retrieved from http://www.ncsl.org/research/education/common-core-state-standards-overview.aspx

2015 Every Student Succeeds Act ESSA

Dec 10, 2015

President Barack Obama signs the law – ESSA relaxes the NCLB law and gives states their power back. The federal government pulls back from a hands-on role to more of a review. ESSA allows states to develop curriculum testing to better fit their region; states have more power (Education Week, 2015). Education Week (2015). The every student succeeds act: Explained. Education Week. 35(14) Retrieved from http://www.edweek.org/ew/articles/2015/12/07/the-every-student-succeeds-act-explained.html

References - Images A

Aug 29, 2016

Ablow, G. (2015). America's story: An immigrant story [Image]. Retrieved from https://www.carnegie.org/interactives/immigration-reform/#!/ KSE Focus. (2013). State common core standards under attack [Image]. Retrieved from http://congress.org/2013/08/22/state-common-core-standards-under-attack/ Paulding County Uncensored. (2016). Every student succeed act [Image]. Retrieved from https://pauldingcountyuncensored.com/no-child-left-behind/

References - Images B

Aug 30, 2016

Wahlstrom Academy. (2016). No child left behind act of 2001[Image]. Retrieved from http://wahlstrom.eastorange.schoolfusion.us/modules/cms/pages.phtml?pageid=250770

References - Photos A

Aug 31, 2016

Barone, C. (2015). The 50th anniversary of the elementary and secondary education act: [Photo]. Retrieved from https://edreformnow.org/esea-50th-power-of-yet/ Holcomb, S. (2015). Answering the call: The history of NEA, part 2 [Photo]. Retrieved from http://www.nea.org/home/12172.htm

References - Photos B

Sep 1, 2016

Pinterest. (2016). Explore andrew johnson, 17th president, and more! [Photo]. Retrieved from https://www.pinterest.com/pin/514395588660961502/ Washington State University. (n. d.). College of education: Special education PhD [Photo]. Retrieved from https://education.wsu.edu/graduate/specialed/phd/