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476
The Fall of Rome
The fall of Rome marks the middle ages. The forces that motivated its destruction came from the internal decay of its economic, political and social structure combined with relentless barbarian attacks from without. -
Jan 5, 741
Muslim Invasion Halted
Along with barbarians from the north, Muslims begin to conquer lands from the south. Charles Martel, the Frank king, stops the Muslims' northward push in 732. -
Jan 6, 1000
City States And Feudal Systems
Rome, Florence, Venice, and other Italians towns become city-states. The feudal system begins. Kings give sections of land called fiefs to lords in exchange for help during wars. The lords can give land to knights. The peasants work the land in exchange for food and protection. -
Jan 9, 1054
East-West Schism divides
The break of communion between what are now the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church which began in the 11th century. -
Jan 6, 1096
First Crusade
Religious people go on pilgrimages to visit sacred Biblical sites. When the Seljuk Turks rule, they forbid visits to the Holy Land. The Pope calls for a crusade against the Seljuks. Eventually the crusaders take the city of Jerusalem. There will be nine crusades in all between now and1272. -
Jan 9, 1117
University of Oxford found
the oldest university in Welligton Square, United Kingdom. -
Jan 9, 1119
Order of Knights
Founded in imitation of the military orders of the Crusades. After the crusades, the memory of these crusading military orders became idealised and romanticised. -
Jan 9, 1202
Era of Forth Crusade.
The most remarkable episodes in medieval history. An army of perhaps 20,000 men and a fleet of about 200 ships crewed by Venetian sailors and warriors, broke in and began to loot the greatest metropolis in the Christian world. -
Jan 9, 1215
Fourth Lantern Council established.
convoked by Pope Innocent III with the papal bull of April 19, 1213, and the Council gathered at Rome's Lateran Palace beginning November 11, 1215.[1] Due to the great length of time between the Council's convocation and meeting, many bishops had the opportunity to attend. It was the 12th ecumenical council and is sometimes called the "Great Council" or "General Council of Lateran" due to the presence of seventy-one patriarchs and metropolitan bishops, four hundred and twelve bishops, and nine -
Jan 9, 1272
The period of Ninth Crusade.
Is sometimes grouped with the Eighth Crusade, is commonly considered to be the last major medieval Crusade to the Holy Land. It took place in 1271–1272. -
Jan 9, 1299
Ottoman Empire formed.
A Sunni Islamic state founded by Oghuz Turks under Osman I in northwestern Anatolia in 1299. With conquests in the Balkans by Murad I between 1362 and 1389, and the conquest of Constantinople by Mehmed II in 1453, the Ottoman sultanate was transformed into an empire. -
Apr 13, 1347
The Black Death
A plague reaches the shores of Italy around 1347, believed to have been carried by merchant ships. Large black boils, oozing with blood and pus, are seen on the victims, who also have fevers, diarrhea, vomiting, and chills. The disease spreads quickly. About 1/3rd of the population dies. -
Jan 6, 1440
The Movable Type
ohannes Gutenberg of Germany invents a printing press with movable type that can copy a page multiple times. There is no need to copy books by hand anymore. In 1455, the first printed Bible is made. The Middle Ages will be remembered as a time of transitions as old empires fell away, and new nations emerged, leading to a need for fresh ideas and innovations. -
Jan 6, 1495
Leonardo Da Vinci paint The Last Supper
Leonardo Da Vinci began painting the Last Supper on the wall of the refectory (dining hall) of Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan, Italy, and completed it in 1498. Leonardo was commissioned to execute the painting in the Dominican monastery of this Church by Duke of Milan, Ludovico Sforza. -
Jan 5, 1500
The Renaissance Begins
The Renaissance period begins in Europe.It marks the end of the Middle Ages. The Raniassance was a term coned by Patrarch which means a rebirth of cassical Greek and Roman ideals. -
The Divided Kingdom
After Charlemagne's son dies, the kingdom is split into three. Raids into western Europe increase. In order to protect themselves, kingships are created. -
Alfred And The Great of England Rules
Alfred the Great defeats the Danes (Vikings) in 878. In 886 he captures London. He signs a treaty, splitting England between him and the Danes. As a ruler Alfred encourages education by establishing schools. -
Battle of Roncevaux Pass
a battle in 778 in which Roland, prefect of the Breton March and commander of the rear guard of Charlemagne's army, was defeated by the Basques. It was fought at Roncevaux Pass, a high mountain pass in the Pyrenees on the border between France and Spain. -
First Bulgarian Empire
A medieval Bulgarian state founded in the north-eastern Balkans in c. 681 by the Bulgars, which subdued or drove out the Byzantines and made the South Slavic settlers their allies. At the height of its power it spread from the Danube Bend to the Black Sea and from the Dnieper River to the Adriatic Sea. -
Charlemagne rules
Charles Martel's grandson, Charlemagne, becomes the new Frank king. He desires to spread Christianity. As he conquers land, he extends his faith. He is crowned "Emperor of the Romans" in 800 by Pope Leo III. Charlemagne dies in 814. The first castles are built around this time.
