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Samuel Gompers
First president of the American Federation of Labor (AFL). He stressed the importance of having the need for written contracts. In 1886 he led national organization of cigar makers out of the Knights of Labor to form the AFL. The New York legislature created a commission called The Factory Commission of 1911. Senator Robert F. Wagner, Alfred E. Smith and Samuel Gompers, president of the American Federation of Labor. After the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire of 1911. -
Interational Ladies Garment Workers Union (ILGWU)
ILGWU-an industirial union, successful strikes in 1909 and 1910 in New York by the ILGWU resulting in a "Protocol of Peace". "Protocol of Peace" impacted greatly by improving working conditions, wage increases, work hours reduced, a board of arbitriation was created to solve labor-manager disputes. -
Mother Jones
The Children's Crusade to end child labor Mother Jones gave speeches and to show the public the effects of the work was causing to the children many marched provided proof of the dangers by many were maimed. The march was an important first step toward governments stand on child labor. -
American Federation of Labor and Industrial Workers of the World (AFL)
AFL president, Samuel Gompers. According to Gompers's "pure and simple unionism," he said we should use strikes, boycotts, and negotiations to win better work conditions, higher wages, and union recognition. By 1904 had about 1.7 million members, 1930 4 million members. -
International Workers of the World (IWW or Wobblies)
IWW was a group that did not like what the A.F.L were doing "class collaboration". Driving force behind the IWW was William D. Haywood, leader of the Western Federation of Miners also who joined him creating IWW were Eugene V. Debs, Daniel De Leon. Also present was Mother Jones, "angel of the miners", and Lucy Parsons. -
Emma Goldman
She was a rebel, an anarchist, believed in birth control and free speech, a feminist, a lecturer and a writer. she traveled around the world with her British citizenship giving speaches she was denied entry into the US due to her view/beliefs she had been sentenced to jail for two years for convicted of conspiracy against draft laws. -
Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire
Many on the tenth floor, including Blanck and Harris, made it safely to the roof and then were helped to nearby buildings. Many on the eighth and ninth floors were stuck. The elevators were no longer available, the fire escape had collapsed, and the doors to the hallways were locked (company policy). Many workers headed to the windows. =policies to be changed.Devestating Fire which cost 146 lives to be lost. The Triangle Waist Company owners, Blanck and Harris, were tried for manslaughter, but were found not guilty. Showed how dangerous it was New York passed new fire, safety, and building code laws with hefty penalities if not followed. -
Clayton Act
made it against the law to restrict trade or make it unfair price. -
WW1 (World War one)
War began in 1914, after the assasination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria. Outbreak of threats and fights broke out into World War 1 at that time known as The Great War, Germany, Austria- Hungary and the Ottoman Empire-(Central Powers) against Great Britain, France, Russia, Italy and Japan-(Allied Powers). The US joined the Allies around 1917. By the end of WW1 (1918) 9 mill soldiers had been killed and 21 million more were wounded. Germany economy collapsed= Nazie (Hitler) to gain power. -
Ludlow Massacre
Colorado National Guardsment attacked a tent colony of 1,200 striking miners looting and burning the colony. It lasted for 14 hours there were machine guns and 200 armed militia; tent city was destroyed.Twenty-Five people were killed, three were militia men, twelve were children, and strikers. The militia was sent by the Governor of Colorado and ultimately by John D. Rockefeeler owner of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company. -
Adamson Act
Made workers on railroads only have to work 8hours a day, and companies liable for injuries. -
Eugene V. Debs
In His Own Words:"There has never been a free people, a civilized nation, a real republic on this earth. Human society has always consisted of masters and slaves, and the slaves have always been and are today, the foundation stones of the social fabric..."Five-time presidential candidate, author, political prisoner, anti-war activist, and the subject of two landmark U.S supreme Court cases (lost both). He supported workers' rights, peace, and a social safety net his beliefs caused him his freedom and his life. -
Collecting Bargaining
Before Unions they had to collective baragin for money working conditions and many more. -
Great Depression
Black Tuesday, October 29, 1929 the Stock Market crashed and the official beginning of the Great Depression. Millions of people were out of work across the United States. The U.S into World War 2 ended the Great Depression in the United States. -
Davis-Bacon Act
Requires federal contractors to pay workers the "prevailing wage", (minium wage). Its goal was to outlaw wage exploitation. -
Yellow-Dog Contract
First Pro-Labor laws making Yellow-Dog Contracts unenforcable.
Definition of Yellow-Dog Contract: A requirement by a firm for the worker to not engage in collectice labor action. -
Norris-LaGuardia Act
Law protects union activities such as pickits and strikes. -
Department of Labor
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Wagner Act
Wagner Act of 1935 was created by Congress to protect workers' right to unionization. -
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Fair Labor Standards Act
It protects workers by setting standards for minimum wage, overtime pay, record keeping and youth labor. To this day in the U.S and in the world it is still an issue. -
CIO
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