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Jean-Marc Itard and Edouard Seguin were the first physicians interested in children with intellectual and developmental delays
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this era saw the beginnings of special programs for children's with exceptionalities
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major movement to stress the important role played by the environment, recognizing that many exceptionalities can be created or intensified by various environmental conditions
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authorized funds for training professionals to work with children with special needs and for research and demonstration for students with intellectual developmental disabilities and deafness
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landmark case that began a series of court decisions in favor of children with exceptionalities and their right to free and appropriate public education. This court case decide that children with IDD could not be excluded from school and did have a right to FAPE
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absence of funds is not an excuse for failing to provide education services to children with exceptionalities
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Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act
this law acts as a bridge between general and special education -
congress had enacted legislation designed to provide real help for children
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first big legislation passed that gave people with exceptionalities rights. pertained to school age children only
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children should not be labeled handicapped or places into special education without adequate diagnosis that takes into account different cultural and linguistic backgrounds
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bilingual children with exceptionalities need identification, evaluation, and educational procedures that reflect and respect their dual-language backgrounds
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a child with disabilities is entitled to an appropriate, not an optimum, education
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Reissue of public law 94-142, now gave children from birth to age 3 rights as well
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The Javits Act, provided a small sum of money to support research and demonstration programs that focused on the special needs of gifted students from economically disadvantaged circumstances, from culturally or linguistically diverse families, or with disabilities
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made it clear that such services, though not optimal, must provide sufficient support so the child with disabilities can benefit educationally
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emphasis was placed on heredity and environmental factors and interacftions
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a child with a hearing disability was allowed to attend a school several miles from home instead of a neighborhood school because the centralized program at the special school better met the child's needs
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founded in order to organize teachers who were working to help children with exceptionalities
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extends civil rights to persons with disabilities
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No Child Left Behind Act, not so great, held schools and educators responsible for bringing students to a minimum level of competency
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scientific breakthrough that determined the complete sequence of the three billion DNA subunits and identified all human genes and made them accessible for further biological studies
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reauthorization of the original legislation (PL 94-142) Major changes included: quality of personnel, IEP standards, and transition planning
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goal was to stimulate economic activity in a number of areas, including financial and social institutions, and education, to ensure the long-time economic health of our nation