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Instructional Media Roots
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Visual Instruction Movement
Film, Pictures, and Slide Lanterns -
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Audiovisual Movement
Audiovisual technologies, such as film projectors filmstrips, and radio, are used to enhance instruction. -
First Textbooks on Visual Instruction
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Behaviorism Theory-B.F.Skinner
Behaviorist theories influence on instructional design. -
Programmed Instruction
B.F.Skinner introduces programmed instruction, a step-by-step- learning method Photo
Figure 1. A teaching machine of the Skinner type. Used with permission of AECT, successor to DAVI.
https://pressbooks.pub/lidtfoundations/chapter/programmed-instruction/ -
Early Computers
Early computers are developed leading to the use of computers in education. Photo
This massive computer setup gives us an idea of what computers were like in the 1950s. We’ve come a long way!
©Everett Collection/Shutterstock.com -
Instructional Television Movement
Over 200 television channels were education related -
Systematic Approach
The systems approach to instructional design is developed focusing on systematic analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. -
MultiMedia
Overhead projectors and television began to gain popularity. Photo
https://clickamericana.com/topics/money-work/turn-off-the-lights-and-see-these-vintage-overhead-projectors-from-the-60s -
Robert Gagnés Theory
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The First Definition of IDT
According to Reiser and Dempshey (2017), the first definition of the field was published in 1963 and established by the Department of Audiovisual Instruction. -
Cognitive Psychology
Cognitive psychology with a focus on mental processes like memory and problem-solving influences and instructional design. -
Multimedia in Classrooms
The use of multimedia emerges. Slide presentations and audio recordings are starrting to be used in classrooms. -
Definition of the Instructional Design and Technology Field
A new definition of the field was adopted by the Association for Educational Communication and Technology which shifted the definition from media to design. -
Computer Based Training
Computer based training becomes popular and authoring tools are developed to create and deliver computer-based courses. Photo
https://paleotronic.com/2019/04/09/the-tech-class-the-computer-enters-the-1980s-classroom/ -
Bransford Learning Technology Center at Vanderbilt University
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Internet and Online Learning
The widespread use of the internet enables online learning environments. Learning management systems are introduced to manage and deliver online courses. -
Mobile Learning
Mobile learning emerges as smartphones and tablets become more prevent. -
Personalized Learning
Instructional design focused on personalized and adaptive learning approaches. Photo
Getty Images
https://www.the74million.org/article/personalized-learning-for-every-student-how-2-very-different-school-systems-pursued-a-district-wide-strategy/ -
Artificial Intelligence
AI and machine learning contributes to to personalized learning experiences. -
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Virtual Learning
Synchronous and asynchronous learning occurred during the pandemic using a variety of online and audiovisual tools.