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Printing press was invented around 1450 (The History of Technology in Education, 2011), and written information became more available (Bates, 2015; Briggs, 2014) -
Blackboards and chalkboards were used in the schools (Bates, 2015). Before that, Bates (2015) stated that slateboards were used in India in the 12th century. In the 16th century, blackboards were used in music education (History of Educational Technology, 2015). -
"The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) began broadcasting educational radio programs for schools" (p.217), and the first adult education was broadcasted from the BBC radio in 1924 (Bates, 2015). -
It was used for training the U.S. Army at the end of World War Two, and lecturing became frequent with it (Bates, 2015). -
"Television was first used in education for schools and for general adult education (one of the six purposes in the current BBC’s Royal Charter is still ‘promoting education and learning’)" (Bates, 2015, p. 217) -
It was "a generalized computer assisted instruction system", which developed at the University of Illinois, and it included "forums, message boards, online testing, e-mail, chat rooms, instant messaging, remote screen sharing, and multi-player games" (Bates, 2015, p. 219). According to Bates (2015), it was used for almost forty years and considered as a successful system. -
In 1980s, in the hope of delivering university lectures of the world's prominent universities to the people, satellite broadcasting became available, but it could not be realized (Bates, 2015).
After launching its satellite, India was able to deliver educational TV programs to the community and the schools in 1983 (Bates, 1985, as cited in Bates, 2015) -
It was believed that watching colourful animations and small video clips could facilitate learning, and in terms of language learning it was considered as successful. (Leinonen, 2005) -
"The flmstrip projector was once commonly used in schools from the 1940 to 1980" (History of Educational Technology, 2015), and it leaded to "elecronical projectors and presentational software such as PowerPoint" in the 1990s. (Bates, 2015, p. 215) -
In 1991, "the Word Wide Web was formally launched. The World Wide Web is basically an application running on the Internet that enables ‘end-users’ to create and link documents, videos or other digital media, without the need for the end-user to transcribe everything into some form of computer code." (Bates, 2015, p. 219). -
IBT (Internet-based training) "came with the raise of the World Wide Web", and according to its promoters, because the information changed fast, the Internet and the Internet-based training seemed as a solution (Leinonen, 2005). -
"Google began in January 1996 as a research project", and because its design was simplier, it was dissimilar to the other search engines. (Briggs, 2014). "Google, created in 1999, emerging as one of the primary search engines." (Bates, 2005, p. 219). -
"YouTube started in 2005 and was bought by Google in 2006. YouTube is increasingly being used for short educational clips that can be downloaded and integrated into online courses." (Bates, 2015, p. 218) -
"By 2008, George Siemens, Stephen Downes and Dave Cormier in Canada were using web technology to create the first ‘connectivist’ Massive Open Online Course (MOOC), a community of practice that linked webinar presentations and/or blog posts by experts to participants’ blogs and tweets, with just over 2,000 enrolments. The courses were open to anyone and had no formal assessment." (Bates, 2015, p. 220) -
-Bates, A. (1985). Broadcasting in education: An evaluation. Constables
-Bates, A. W. (2015). Teaching in a digital age. BCcampus.
-Briggs, S. (2014). The evolution of learning technologies. InformED. http://www.opencolleges.edu.au/informed/features/the-evolution-of-learning-technology/
-Educational technology - EduTech wiki. (2021). Https://Edutechwiki.Unige.Ch/En. http://edutechwiki.unige.ch/en/Educational_technology#A_short_history -
-History of educational technology. (2015, December 6). [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oT-df_zdnfI&ab_channel=FernandoArendain
-Leinonen, T. (2005, June 23). (critical) history of ICT in education – and where we are heading? WordPress.Com. https://teemuleinonen.fi/2005/06/23/critical-history-of-ict-in-education-and-where-we-are-heading/ -
-The history of technology in education. (2011, October 3). [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UFwWWsz_X9s&ab_channel=SMARTEduEMEA -Visuals:
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