The History of Chemistry - Luke D'Ambrosio and Antonio Amelio, Period 4

US/Word History- [Beginning of Civil War]

1861

A war fought on American soil between the Northern and the Southern states. Fought over the issue of slavery, the North wanted it abolished, and the South wanted to keep it. The was war ended in 1865 with the Northern victory.

US/World-[Gettysburg Address]

Nov 19, 1863

Issued by president Lincoln during the civil war for a few reasons. First, it commemorated the fallen solders in the Battle of Gettysburg. Secondly, it was a rally cry to the North to finish the war. Finally, this piece is a large part of the civil war's history.

Chemistry-[Law of Octaves]

1865

This law was made by English Chemist J.A.R. Newlands. He arranged different chemical elements by their increasing atomic weight. He organized elements by detecting periodic patters. This law originated from England.

US/World-[Lincoln Assassination]

Apr 14, 1865

At the end of the civil war President Lincoln was killed by a man named John W. Booth. This event occurred at the Ford's theater. A several day manhunt took place after in search of Booth, leading to his capture.

US/World History-[Andrew Johnson Impeached]

Feb 24, 1868

He is the first US president to be impeached. He was acquitted by 1 vote. This destroyed his political career.

Chemistry-[Mendeleev's Periodic Table]

1869

He was a Russian chemist who formulated the periodic law. Additionally, he created another version of the periodic table, to organize the elements. He organized it based on relative mass and more.

Chemistry-[Discovery of Electron]

1897

This discover was made by J.J. Thomson. He used a Cathode tubes during his experiments to help determine that they were made up of something very small, the electron. He originally referred to it as the corpuscle.

US/World History-[Beginning of Spanish American War]

Apr 21, 1898

This war lasted less than a year, and was fought over because an American Warship, Maine, was sunk. The United States declared war and ended up benefiting out of the war. The war ended with the treaty of Paris, and the US received Puerto Rico and Guam.

Chemistry-[Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment]

1899

The result of this experiment was the discovery of the atoms nucleus. The summary of the experiment was a alpha particle was shot at a piece of gold and some bounce back and some went through. Since some came back he was able to determine that the nucleus did indeed exist.
This video involves the gold foil experiment as well as the entire history of the atom.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=thnDxFdkzZs&vl=en

Chemistry-[Plum Pudding Model]

1904

Originally proposed by J.J. Thomson. He represented an attempt to consolidate the known properties of the atom. He lived in the U.K.

Us/World History-[Great San Francisco Earthquake]

Apr 18, 1906

The earthquakes magnitude was 7.9. It hit hardest in San Francisco Killing about 3,000 people. The quake destroyed over 80% of the city.

Chemistry-[Discovery of Proton]

1911

Discovered by New-Zealand born British physicist, Ernest Rutherford. He suggested that the nucleus of an atom contained a particle, the proton, with a positive charge.

US/World History-[Titanic Disaster]

Apr 15, 1912

The Titanic was a British passenger liner that struck an iceberg in the North Atlantic Sea. 1,500 people perished in the disaster.

Chemistry-[Bohr's Planetary Model of the Atom]

1913

The Planetary Model of the Atom was created by Danish physicist, Niels Bohr. The model depicted an atom with a small positively charged nucleus surrounded by electrons that travel in a circular motion, much like the planets do around the Sun in the Solar System.

Chemistry-[Moseley/Atomic Numbers]

1913

English physicist, Henry Moseley, created a graph that depicted the relationship between the atomic number and a measurable property of the nucleus.He found that the relationship had a linear behavior to it.

US/World-[World War 1]

Jul 28, 1914

World War 1 was a massive conflict fought among major world powers. This war caused millions to die in fighting, as it lasted for 4 years. Most of the fighting occurred in Europe, but many countries all over the world were dragged into the fighting.

Chemistry-[Schrodinger Equation]

1926

The Schrodinger Equation, created by Austrian physicist, Erwin Schrödinger, is the equation of physics for describing quantum mechanical behavior.

US/World-[The Great Depression]

1929

Beginning in 1929, the Great Depression was one of the worst economic collapses in history, especially in the United States. The effects of World War 1 sent many economies crippling into the ground as people lost their jobs and many struggled to live off of what they got.

Chemistry-[Discovery of the Neutron]

1932

The neutron was discovered by English Physicist, James Chadwick, in 1932. His contribution to physics helped start the Manhattan Project that developed atomic weapons.

US/World-[Beginning of World War 2]

Sep 1, 1939

World War 2 was an event in history that costed millions of lives to be lost in conflict. Major world powers such as Nazi Germany, Britain, The United States, Russia, and Japan all joined in the fighting. Most of the conflict took place throughout Europe and the Pacific Ocean.