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Period: 120 to
Blood
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140
Claudius Galenus
Claudius Galenus "discovers" that blood is made in the livers. He also claims that arteries and veins have different functions. -
Jan 1, 1250
Eminent Cairo
Eminent Cairo discovers pulminary circulation, and how it occurs. -
Jan 1, 1553
Michael Servetus
Michael Servetus, Spanish physician, suggests that the blood goes from one side of the heart to the other through the lungs. -
Jan 1, 1555
Vesalius
Galus is criticized on his work by Andreas Vesalius in his second edition of DE FABRICA. -
The First Depiction of Veins
Fabricius publishes the book "On the Valves in Veins" giving the first look at what veins look like. -
Blood & the Heart
William Harvey suggests that blood circulates the body, and is pumped by the heart. -
Red Blood Cells
Dutch microscopist Jan Swammerdam was the first person to look at and describe what red blood cells look like. -
Capillaries
Italian Anatomist Marcello Malpighi uses a microscope to study the capillaries for the first time in history. -
Blood Transfusions
Richard Lower performs the first blood transfusion in animals. He connect an artery of one dog to another, bring the other dog bacl to life. -
Banning of Transfusions
The French Parliament bans all blood transfusions on humans, followed by England and Rome. -
More Into Red Blood Cells.
Anton van Leeuwenhoek gives a depper description of red blood cells saying they're "25,000 times smaller than a fine grain of sand." -
Blood Coagulaton
William Hewson describes his research in blood coagulation. He also describes his success in seperating fibrogen from plasma. -
Blood Transfusion (Humans)
James blundell performs the first recorded human-to-human blood transfusion, -
Platelets
Sir William Osler observes some small "cell fragments" that will later be known as platelets. -
Blood Types
Carl Landsteiner, Austrian physician, discovers that there are diferent types of blood: A, B, and O -
Dr. Ludvig Hektoen
Dr. Hektoen recommends the checking of donors' blood to make sure they are compatible with the person who will be receiving it. -
Cross Transfusion
Dr. Ottenburg performs the first cross blood transfusion, perminantely eliminating transfusion reactions. -
Blood Storage
Dr. Richard Lewisohn determines the best percentage of citrate to be mixed with blood is .2%. This blood mixed with citrate can be stored for a few days, and still be used for transfusions. -
Blood Storage 2
2 doctors; Francis Payton Rous and J.R. Turner make a solution of citrate and glucose that enables blood to be stored for a few weeks and still be used for a blood transfusion. -
The First Blood Depot
Dr. Oswald Robertson stores type-O blood with the citrate-glucose solution in advance for the injured soldiers of WWI making the first blood depot. -
Percy Lane Oliver
Percy begins a volunteer progranm for blood donations. All donors are screened and tested for disease. -
Blood From Cadavers
Dr. Serge Yudin is the first person to ever use blood from a dead body to transfuse it into a man, succesfuly bringing him back to life. -
Storing Blood
A group of anasthesiologists are the first ones to store citarted blood in large quantities. -
Spanish Civil War and Blood
Federico Duran-Jorda established the Barcelona Blood Transfusion Service which helped to get blood to wounded soldiers during the Spanish Civil War. -
The War Effort
During WWII, The American Red Cross does it's part to help the war by collecting over 13million units of blood. -
Post War
The blood banks of America come together to create the American Association of Blood Banks. -
From Bottles to Bags
Dr. Carl W. Walter invents a plastic bag to be used to store blood, changing the storage of blood from bottles to bags. -
Hemoglobin
Using x-ray crystallogrophy, Dr. Perutz finds the function of hemoglobin. -
Dr. Judith Pool
Dr. Juith Pool discovers cryo, which helps hemophiliacs stop bleeding since cryo has much more clotting power than platelets. -
Animal to Human Transfusion
Jean Baptiste-Denis performs a blood transfusion on a teenage boy suffering from a chronic fever, giving him 9 ounces of lamb's blood. -
Dr. Baruch Blumberg
Dr. Baruch Blumberg discovers that patients infected with hepititis B carry a substance that produces antibodies. -
GRID (AIDS)
The disease name GRID (Gay Related Immunodeficiency Disease) was was diagnosed, seen mostly in homosexual me. It is later renamed AIDS. -
GRID and Hemophiliacs
Dr. Bruce Evatt sees that hemophiliacs are common in GRID, thus, coming to the conclusion that it is a blood-born disease. -
Dr. Robert Gallo
Dr. Robert Gallo announces that he has found the virus that causes AIDS. -
The ELISA Test
The U.S. government licenses the ELISA test, which identfies if blood donors are infected with the AIDS virus.
