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Thomas Newcomen’s steam engine
He created a steam engine for the purpose of extracting water from a tin mine. -
John Kay’s flying shuttle
Was the first step in the mechanisation of the loom and significantly increased the productivity of the weavers. -
James Hargreave's spinning jenny
The Jenny spinning machine was a spinning machine, invented in 1764 by James Hargreaves (although some also identify Thomas Highs and Miguel Fernandez Tejelo as possible inventors) at Stanhill, near Blackburn in Lancashire, England. -
R. Fulton’s steamboat
Robert Fulton was an American engineer and inventor who is widely credited with developing the world's first commercially successful steamboat, -
James Watt's steam engine
Watt's steam engine, also known as the Boulton and Watt steam engine, was the first practical steam engine, becoming one of the driving forces of the Industrial Revolution. James Watt developed the design sporadically between 1763 and 1775, with the support of Matthew Boulton. -
Richard Arkwright’s water mill
Installed in water powered factories, the machine could spin large quantities of cotton yarn. -
Period: to
Military and financial aid for USA
Provided supplies, arms and ammunition, uniforms, and, most importantly, troops and naval support to the beleaguered Continental Army -
Samuel Crompton’s spinning mule
The machine made it easier to produce cotton yarn and thread. -
Estates General and votes per estate
Prerevolution the clergy and nobility can vote but the peasants can't vote -
Period: to
Economic crisis (Bad harvests)
The economic crisis was one of the reasons of the revolutions. At that time the bad harvests provocated the increase the food prices and decrease of the benefit. -
Nobility and Clergy overrepresented
The nobility and clergy before the reform they don't pay taxes. -
Financial crisis
The lack of money of monarchy provocated the privileges started pay taxes -
Enlightenment
Emphasized the rights of common men as opposed to the exclusive rights of elites. -
Poor social structure
The estates were: Clergy, nobility and third estate -
Peasants and Bourgeoisie not represented.
The peasants and bourgeoisie not represented because there were a common people. -
Economic development of the Bourgeoisie
The lack of money of the monarchy provocated the bourgoursie started pay taxes. -
The privileged and non-privileged estates
The privieged estates were the 1st and 2nd estates and non-privileged estates was the 3rd estate -
The tennis court oath
The National Constituent Assembly made some legal reforms:feudal rights were abolished (peasantry).
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen: rights, freedoms and equality. -
The execution of the king (Louis XVI)
The king tried to escape to Varennes but the revolution took the royal family. -
Period: to
Constitutional Monarchy
(1789/1792): moderate bourgeoisie. Proposals: end of Ancient Regime, a parliament by census suffrage and a constitution. -
Storming of the Bastille
This situation was a sybol of Absolutism. This happened in the countryside. -
Declaration of the rights of Man
The National convention made France a republic because they finished the universal male suffrage -
Girondist Convention
This convention were moderate they kept monarchy -
Period: to
Social Republic
Radical bourgeoisie (Supported by popular classes), Republic, more equality (universal male suffrage + social laws) -
Period: to
Jacobin Convention
The Jacobins were the most radical bourgeoisie sector: they represented the demands of the common people. -
The Terror
There were massive deaths in this period for suspects -
Period: to
Conservative Republic (The Directory)
This republic there returned to the moderate republic. -
Luddoties opposed mechanization in textile industry
Between 1811 and 1816, thousands of British soldiers fought the Luddites, who were destroying textile machinery in protest at the degradation of their working and living conditions. -
Stephenson steam locomotive
Rocket won the Rainhill Trials, which was a competition to decide on the best mode of transport for the railway. Rocket was the only locomotive to successfully complete the trials, averaging 12 mph and achieving a top speed of 30 mph. -
Beginning of Transcontinental railroad
The first transcontinental railway in the United States is the name of a railway line across the United States that linked the city of Omaha, Nebraska, to Sacramento, California, in the 1860s. -
Unification of Germany
The first unification of Germany occurred in 1871 after Prussia's victory in the Franco-Prussian War. In this unification, most of the German-speaking states of Europe united under the crown of Prussia to form the German Empire. The second unification occurred in 1990 after the end of the Cold War. -
First moving picture
Scientific American published a series of pictures depicting a horse in full gallop, along with instructions to view them through the zoetrope. The photos were taken by an English photographer, Eadweard Muybridge, to settle a bet between California businessman Leland Stanford and his colleagues. -
Edison’s lightbulb
He don’t invented the light bulb, he only perfectionate it.
By using a carbon filament and a partial vacuum inside to prevent it from catching fire. -
Marconis radio
The Italian Guillermo Marconi made the first radio transmission on 14 May 1879. At the time, he could not have imagined that his invention would be essential for saving lives, and it proved crucial in the case of the rescue of the Titanic castaways. -
I Boer War
The First Boer War, literally ‘First Liberation War’ and ‘First Boer War’, respectively, was a conflict that took place between 16 December 1880 and 23 March 1881.1 It was the first confrontation between the British Empire and the Dutch settlers, or Boers, in the Transvaal Transvaal. It was the first confrontation between the British Empire and the Dutch or Boer settlers in the Transvaal. It was triggered when Sir Theophilus Shepstone annexed the Transvaal to the United Kingdom in 1877. -
First Skyscraper (In Chicago)
The Home Insurance Building was a skyscraper that stood in Chicago from 1885 to its demolition in 1931. -
Berlin Conference
The Berlin Conference, held between 15 November 1884 and 26 February 1885 in Berlin, was convened by France and the United Kingdom and organised by the German Chancellor Otto von Bismarck in order to solve the problems involved in colonial expansion in Africa and to resolve its partition. -
Beginning of colonization of Belgian Congo
Keen on establishing Belgium as an imperial power, he led the first European efforts to develop the Congo River basin, making possible the formation in 1885 of the Congo Free State, annexed in 1908 as the Belgian Congo and now the Democratic Republic of the Congo. -
II Boer War
The Second Boer War was a conflict between the United Kingdom and the founders of the independent republics of the Orange Free State and the South African Republic in north-eastern South Africa. The war, which lasted from 11 October 1899 to 31 May 1902 -
Boxer Rebellion
The Boxer Uprising, known in China as the Yihétuán Uprising. It was a movement that began in 1898, coinciding with the Hundred Days Reform, and ended on 7 September 1901. It arose in Qing dynasty China against the imperialist intervention of the great Western powers. -
Fashoda Affair
The Fachoda Incident or Fachoda Crisis is the name given to the episodes that took place in 1898 when France and the United Kingdom decided to build two lines of communication to connect their respective African colonies continuously. The British aim was a north-south link and the French aim was west-east. -
Wright Brothers first flight
Wilbur and Orville Wright to Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. -
Ford’s Model T
The Ford Model T was an inexpensive automobile produced by Henry Ford's Ford Motor Company from 1908 to 1927. -
I Belkan War
The Balkan Wars had their origin in the discontent produced in Serbia, Bulgaria, and Greece by disorder in Macedonia. The Young Turk Revolution of 1908 brought into power in Constantinople (now Istanbul) a ministry determined on reform but insisting on the principle of centralized control -
Annexation of Congo Free State
Following reports of mistreatment of native peoples that provoked international outrage, the Congo Free State was annexed as a colony by Belgium on November 15, 1908, which ended its existence as an independent sovereign state. -
Crisis of Agadir
The Agadir crisis or second Moroccan crisis (1911) was an international crisis that nearly triggered a war between France and the German Empire for control and influence over Morocco. -
II Belkan War
The Second Balkan War was a conflict that broke out when Bulgaria, dissatisfied with its share of the spoils of the First Balkan War, attacked its former allies, Serbia and Greece, on June 1913. Serbian and Greek armies repulsed the Bulgarian offensive and counterattacked, entering Bulgaria. -
Beginning of WW1
World War I, also formerly called The Great War (before World War II), was a worldwide military conflict, although centered in Europe, which began on July 28, 1914, and ended on November 11, 1918, when Germany accepted the terms of the armistice. -
Beginning of WW1
World War I, also known as the Great War, was a global military conflict, albeit centred in Europe. This conflick began 28 of july of 1914 -
Wilhelm II crowned as Kaiser of Germany
Wilhelm II was the last German Emperor and King of Prussia from 1888 until his abdication in 1918, which marked the end of the German Empire as well as the Hohenzollern dynasty's 300-year rule of Prussia.