-
Franco-Prussian War
When Germany executed a swift offensive using railroads to rush forces to the front. -
World War I
Symbolizes the tragic irrational- ity of war. -
Germany
Was forced to give up territory, pay reparations, limit its future armaments, and admit guilt for the war. -
Germany and Japan
Stepped into that vacuum, embarking on aggressive expansionism that ultimately led to World War II. -
Nazi Germany
Under Hitler had re-armed, intervened to help fascists win the Spanish Civil War -
Germany
Invaded Poland, leading Britain and France to join the war against Germany. -
The United States
The United States joined World War II against Germany -
The Cold War, 1945-1990
The United States and the Soviet Union became the two superpowers of the post–World War II era. -
The Marshall Plan
The Marshall Plan U.S. financial aid to rebuild European economies responded to these fears, as did the creation of the NATO alliance. -
Korean War
The Korean War broke out when communist North Ko- rea attacked and overran most of U.S. -
The first summit
The first summit meeting between superpower leaders took place in Geneva, This thaw in relations led both sides to agree to reconstitute Austria, which had been split into four pieces like Germany. -
The Berlin Wall
Crises in Berlin in 1947–1948 and 1961 led to armed confrontations but not war. In 1961, East Germany built the Berlin Wall separating East from West Berlin. It symbolized the division of Europe by what Winston Churchill had called the “iron curtain.” -
Massive pro-democracy
Massive pro-democracy demonstrations in China’s capital of Beijing. -
Cold War
The beginning that the cold war had left a power vacuum in its region including iraq and his neighbor Kuwait in an aggressive grab for control on middle east. -
Russia
Russia and the other former republics struggled throughout against economic and financial collapse. -
Gulf war
-
Serbian
Forces overran two un-designated safe areas in Eastern bosnia -
Koscovo
Declared Independence
bringing protests from serbia and its allies.