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The First "Lab School"
Dewey founded the first lab school where teaching and learning could be informed by practice. -
School Museums
These Museums included units of visual instruction and supplementary curriculum materials. The first school museum opened in St. Louis. -
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The Introduction to Visual Education
Lantern Slides and Stereographs became a tool to create visual instruction. The motion picture projector was the first media device to be used in schools. -
The Radio
The radio started to become not only a source of entertainment but also provide stations for education and information. -
World War II
The use of audiovisual devices and training were shown via films and filmstrips to help with defense. -
Instructional Television
During the 1950's there was a growth in instruction being delivered via television. 242 TV channels were set aside just for educational purposes. -
Bloom's Taxonomy
(Bloom, Engelhart, Furst, Hill, & Krathwohl) Learning outcomes are connected to cognitive functions. The connection supports the creation of learning objectives. -
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Naming: Instructional Design Models
Models for designing instructional materials began to be created by various individuals. Many terms and ideas began to be used to define models (Instructional Design, System Development, Systematic Instruction, and instructional Systems). -
Instructional Design for Training
The world began to notice the need for instructional design to help improve training. Many sectors adopted Instructional Design models to help support the performance and outcomes of their work. -
ADDIE Model Development
The ADDIE Model (Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate) was developed in FSU's Center for Educational Technology. This Model is used to assist with systematic product development and offers conceptual components of ID. It was first used by the military to help with training materials and is still used all across the nation today. -
Vygotsky's ZPD
The Zone of Proximal Development represents the space between what a learner can do with support and without support. This pushed instructors to think about learning, assessments, and development. -
Computers for Instruction
Personal computers became available to the public. Most elementary and secondary schools began using the computer for instructional purposes. -
Technology + Cognitive Design + Design Process
Instructional Designers began to see connections between cognitive design and technology usage in the design process. -
Intro to Problem-Based Learning (PBL)
Howard Barrows worked with medical school faculty to develop a model for centering instruction around problem-solving projects. -
Intro to Cognitive Apprenticeship
Collins & Brown developed an instructional model to include key aspects of informal learning. ID began to use this framework for designing instruction. -
Job Performance Focus
Companies began to shift their focus from learning to job performance. Outcomes and problem-solving were additional focuses of companies. -
Interactive Learning Environments
An online environment for collaborative problem-solving, reasoning, and argumentation was developed by Bereiter & Scardamelia. -
Situated Learning
Lave found that learning in everyday environments was something that was not widely generalized. This brought insight into how traditional learning should be re-designed to implement teaching strategies that will give the opportunity to transfer new contexts into the everyday world. -
Design-Based Research
Brown & Collins discussed design experiments, documenting what was occurring and being applied in the setting. In addition, the observation of instructional implementations as they went through different phases of design and development. -
Fostering Community of Learners
Brown & Campione presented the approach of developing group projects around science units. These group projects gave the opportunity for students to learn from each other and activities created conversation and experiences around scientists in the real world. -
Pebble-in-the-Pond Model
Merrill's Model is a problem-task-centered focus. It begins with the problem that learners must solve. -
Connectivism Approach
Siemens & Downes developed an approach that by engaging networks of human and information resources and basing ideas derived from the web and online learning yields Connectivism. -
Flipped Learning
Teachers recorded their lectures and made them available for student viewing at home. When students returned to the classroom, they were able to consult and problem-solve. -
Conceptual Change
Vosniadou found that learners gain knowledge and learn to solve problems from memories, skills, perceptions, and ideas. -
SAM Model
The Successive Approximation Model (SAM) created by Dr. Michael Allen, focuses on Preparation, Iterative Design, and Iterative Development. -
Active Learning Classroom Model
This model places the instructor in the middle of the classroom with students at a roundtable. Technology is accessible for both the instructor and learners. -
e-Learning Manifesto
4 Theorists presented principles and standards to produce quality e-learning products.