-
3300 BCE
Use of sticks and sharpened stones
Sticks and stones were used by primitive people for many purposes such as drawings in their caves, hunting, and most importantly these types of materials protect them from wildlife. -
3100 BCE
Cuneiform writing
Cuneiform is a system of writing first developed by the ancient Sumerians of Mesopotamia. It is considered the most significant among the many cultural contributions of the Sumerians and the name comes from the Latin word cuneus for 'wedge' owing to the wedge-shaped style of writing. -
3000 BCE
Hieroglyphics and papyrus in Egypt
The Egyptians first used hieroglyphs exclusively for inscriptions carved or painted on temple walls. This form of pictorial writing was also used on tombs, sheets of papyrus, wooden boards covered with a stucco wash, potsherds, and fragments of limestone. -
500
Oral communication - an important tool
One of the earliest means of formal teaching was oral – though human speech – although over time,
technology has been increasingly used to facilitate or ‘back-up’ oral communication. In ancient times,
stories, folklore, histories, and news were transmitted and maintained through oral communication, making accurate memorization a critical skill, and the oral tradition is still the case in many aboriginal cultures. -
700
Writing communication
The role of text or writing in education also has a long history. The writing was discovered in the seventh century and its use, written forms of communication make analytical, long chains of reasoning and argumentation much more accessible. The writing was used by primitive people in caves ( antique sticks, papyrus paper, quill pens) and then passed down from generation to generation to nowadays (newspapers, postcards, telegrams, faxes, email). -
888
Quill pen and Diamond Sutra
These two tools are developed between 600 A.D - 888 A.D.Quill (or quill pen) is a writing tool that is made from a flight feather of a large bird and which uses ink to leave marks on a writing surface. The Diamond Sutra was found in a holy site called the Mogao (or ‘Peerless’) Caves or the ‘Caves of a Thousand Buddhas,’ which was a major Buddhist center from the 4th to 14th centuries. -
Blackboards in academic military schools
In 1801, George Baron, an instructor at West Point Military Academy incorporated a large black chalkboard into his math presentation. He was the first American Instructor to use a blackboard. It becomes very popular and was used all around the world. -
Maria Mantesori: Use of multi-sensory materials in teaching
Montessori believed we learn through all of our senses and so developed her materials to be multi-sensory. Children taste, touch, smell, listen and look at various materials within the classroom to gain a complete understanding of them. -
Broadcasting and video
The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) began broadcasting educational radio programs to schools in the 1920s.
Radio programs did not use lectures as such but focused more on common general television formats, such as documentaries, process demonstrations, and case studies. -
Instructional T.V.
Instructional Television (ITV) is the use of television programs in the field of distance education. Educational television programs on instructional television may be less than one-half hour-long (generally 15 minutes in length) to help their integration into the classroom setting. These shows are often accompanied by teachers' guides that include material to help use this program in lessons. -
Computer-based learning
The development of programmed learning aims to computerize teaching, structure information, test students' knowledge, and provide immediate feedback to students, without human intervention. -
Whiteboard
A whiteboard (also known as a marker board, dry-wipe board, dry-wipe board, and pen board) is a glossy surface, usually white or black to make non-permanent marks. The popularity of whiteboards grew rapidly in the mid-1990s and they have become a device in many offices, meeting rooms, school classrooms, and other work environments. -
Instructional design
During the 1970s, the number of instructional design models greatly increased and progressed in various sectors in the military, academia, and industry. Many instructional design theorists began to adopt an information-based approach to instructional design. David Merrill for example developed Component Screen Theory (CDT), which focuses on the tools of presenting teaching materials (presentation techniques). -
Plato
PLATO was a very successful system, lasting almost 40 years and incorporating key online concepts: forums, message boards, online testing, e-mail, chat rooms, instant messaging, remote screen sharing, and multiplayer games. By using various forums we enable the dissemination of information about the history of technological education. -
Computer networking
Arpanet in the US was the first network to use Internet Protocol in 1982. They combined classroom learning
with online discussion forums, and called this' computer-mediated communication. -
Learning management system
In the 1990s, teaching was followed by printing, e-mail, e-mails (Zephyr), bulletin board conferences (Discuss), online consultation (OLC), online teaching assistant (OLTA), online help (OLH), exchange of tasks (Delivery / pick up), access to system libraries, system security certification (Kerberos), naming-for linking system components together (Hesiod) and a service management system (Moira). -
Internet technologies
The Playstation 2 is called the PS2. The PS2 is the best-selling gaming console of all time. In 2009, new games were still being made for it. -
Youtube
Youtube is indeed a sub-category of social media, and its development takes part in the history of educational technology. Youtube covers a wide range of different materials. By using this application we can make videos related to the evolution of educational technology. -
The references
Images by RahulPandit from Pixabay
Images by Getty from Pixabay
https://pixabay.com/
Tony Bates: https://opentextbc.ca/teachngnadgtalage/ Chapter 6.2
http://edutechwk.unge.ch/en/Educatonal_technologyPart 4
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UFwWWsz_X9s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oT-df_zdnfI
https://youtu.be/hsAwPabRwbk
https://youtu.be/rJM3MRvGn-g