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Period: to
Fall of Spanish Rule
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Cession of Louisiana from Spanish to French control
Credit- Pg 101-102
After the French and Indian War, France lost much of its North American territory. Spain acquired Louisiana in 1762 but struggled to manage it effectively. By the turn of the 18th century, Napoleon sought to re-establish France as a dominant power in global affairs. To achieve this, he recognized the importance of Louisiana, This territory held immense agricultural potential and served as a crucial economic resource. -
Louisiana Purchase
Pg-102-103
When Napoleons plans fell through he sold Louisiana to the United States. The impact of the Louisiana Purchase was immediate and far-reaching. It set the stage for westward expansion, famously captured in the phrase "Manifest Destiny," The Lewis and Clark expedition, commissioned by Jefferson, explored this new territory and provided valuable information about its geography, resources, and the Native American tribes inhabiting it. -
Father Hidalgos Mexican Revolution
Pg-116-117 The Revolution officially began on the morning of September 16, 1810, when Hidalgo delivered a passionate speech stirring a call to arms, he urged his parishioners to rise up against Spanish rule and fight for their freedom, equality, and justice. His message resonated deeply, leading to a rapid mobilization of Indigenous and mestizo populations. This uprising sparked a series of battles and struggles that would last for over a decade. -
The Casas Revolt
Pg- 118
The Casas Revolt, occurred in the early 18th century in the Spanish colonies of the Americas known as San Antonio. This uprising was a reaction to the harsh treatment and oppressive policies imposed on indigenous people by Spanish colonizers and the defeat of Father Hidalgo at Guadalajara. -
Formation of The Republican Army of The North
Pg- 119
Following the defeat of Father Hidalgos revolution Gutierrez de Lara was appointed to seek help with the revolution from the United States, gaining the support of a U.S army officer Augustus Magee -
Control of San Antonio
Pg- 120
Beginning in august 1812 Gutiérrez led an expedition crossing the Sabine River, taking Santisima Trinidad de Salcedo they found out that Governor Salcedo had marched to the Guadelupe River to Obstruct their advance leading to the Battle of Rosillo which lead to Salcido's' surrender. -
Battle Of Medina
Pg- 122
In attempt to avenge Governor Salcedo, General Joaquin Arredondo and his royalist army fought Toledo's Republican Army of The North a few miles south of the Medina River leading to Arredondo reclaiming San Antonio and placing it under martial law. -
Pirates and insurgents inhabit Galveston Island
Pg- 125-126
In attempt to use the Mexican War of Independence to their own advantage prates, including Louis Michele Aury, and the brothers Jean and Pierre Lafitte gathered and occupied the Galveston island led by Mexican Rebel Manuel de Herrera, and the Spanish government could do nothing but bide their time. -
Adams Onis Treaty
Pg- 128
The Adams-Onís Treaty, signed in 1819 , was an important agreement between the United States and Spain that shaped U. S. territorial boundaries and supported its westward expansion. Its main purpose was to resolve territorial disputes that arose as American settlers moved into lands claimed by Spain, including Florida and parts of what would become the southwestern U. S., however Texas remained in Spain's control. -
Mexico Gains Independence
Pg- 129
The Plan of Iguala signed by royalist officer Agustin de Iturbide and rebel Vicente Guerrero reached an agreement of Mexico's separation from Spain. with 3 important clauses 1. The continued special status of the catholic church in Mexican society. 2. The independence of Mexico as a constitutional monarchy. 3. Equality between peninsulares and criollos.