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Pietro Metastasio
was born in 1698 and died in 1782. Was a court poet in Vienna. he was a very important author of librettos in the 18th century and he wrote 27 heroic operas, 8 oratorios, serenatas and important poems -
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Giovanni Battista Sammartini
was born in 1700 and died in 1775. was an Italian composer, violinist, organist, choirmaster and teacher. During his time he wrote symphonies, concertos, overtures, quartets, sonatas, 5 stage works, sacred and secular vocal works. Because of all his work he was able to help innovate the symphony in Milan in the 1730s -
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Farinelli (Carlo Broschi)
was born in 1705 and died in 1782. He was a famous Galant Italian composer, and instrumentalist. He played a big factor in developing the comedic opera. He collaborated with many other composers like librettist Carlo Goldoni. He wrote over 100 operas, cantatas, oratorios, sonatas, and 125 other instrumental works. He was one of the greatest singer in the history of opera. He had a soprano vocal range. -
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Franz Xaver Richter
was born in 1709 and died in 1789. Was a German composer, teacher and singer. He was very involved in innovating the string quartet. He was a Mannheim composer which was a school his style was very concerto and strict church style. He wrote many symphonies, concertos, sonatas, string quartet pieces, oratorios, masses, cantatas and motets. -
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Carl Phillip Emanuel Bach
was born in 1714 and died in 1788. He wrote in the Galant, baroque and classical styles and was the eldest son of J.S Bach. He was often associated to the "emofindsam" style which was very sentimental and know for it. He wrote many keyboard works, symphonies, sonatas, concertos, arias, songs, choral and theoretical works. -
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Johann Stamitz
was born in 1717 and died in 1757. Often composed in the Galant style, and a symphonic innovator and founder of the Mannheim school of music. He was a conductor, violinist, and teacher. He established and kept the symphonic genre going. He wrote 58 symphonies, concertos, chamber music, orchestral trios, and sacred vocal works. His music is found to be very transitional in between the Baroque and Classical periods of music. -
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The Classical Era (1730s-1810s)
this era brought vey polite and systematic music, a style called "sturm and drang" this featured more emotional expression and was brought on to by the use of more minor keys. In this era the sonata form of music got much more attention and popularity and compositions because polythematic, wanting more than one theme in the music. The opera was a very popular form of entertainment in this era. -
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Franz Joseph Haydn
was born in 1732 and died in 1809. He was a primary Austrian composer who was a big innovator and influence in the new classical style. He was very important in the development of chamber music like the piano trio. He is often referred to as "The father of the symphony" because of his tremendous contributions in the era. He was a teacher, keyboardist and violinist. He wrote 106 symphonies, 83 string quartets, 20 operas, choral music, chamber music and piano works. -
The Industrial Revolution
The industrial revolution was the process of change from agricultural and handicraft economy to one that became dominated by inventions, factories, and industry machine manufacturing of goods. The main features involves in the industrial revolution were technological, socioeconomic and cultural. Inventions like the steam engine, iron, steel, power alternatives like coal, the spinning jenny, all affected the world in massive waves of change. -
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Johann Christian Bach
was born in 1735 and died in 1882. He was a German composer pf the classical era, and the eighteenth child of Johann Sebastian Bach. He was a friend of Mozart and Haydn and influences their concerto styles of writing. He wrote many symphonies, operas, church music, keyboard works, concertos. he developed a new sonata principle. -
The invention of the symphony
the symphony was invented by Giovanni Battista Sammartinin in the 1740s It was a genre that newly emerged in the classical era. -
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William Billings
Was born in 1746 and died in 1800. He was the most prominent composer in the new America. A first American choral composer and the leading member of the first New England school. He wasn't a strong composer but did write many psalms, hymns and writings. -
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Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
was born in 1749 and died in 1832. Was a German poet and writer. He was a very big force behind romanticism. He wrote many poems was a playwright, novelist, scientist, stateman, theatre director, and ametur artist. He is considered the greatest German literary figure and many composers used his work to their music. -
String Quartets
The idea of string quartets were invented by Franz Xaver Ritcher. He first composed a piece for the quartets in the 1750s and after that chamber music became a very big and well seen thing that was very popular among aristocratic families. -
The French and Indian War
This war went on from 1754 to 1763 and was the north American conflict in a large imperial war between great Britain and France (seven years war) where they disputed over territorial gains in north America. The war ended with the treaty of Paris in1763 which settled the territory for both parties but alas, both weren't satisfied which then this war led into the American Revolution. -
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Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Was born in 1756 and died in 1791. He was a German composer that was one of the most influential composers of the classical period. He was a child prodigy and wrote in many genres. He innovated many things in the opera, in which he wrote 20 of them, piano concertos, symphonies, sonatas and choral music, chamber music and other vocal works. -
Sturm and Drang
An emotional stylistic that came during the classical period and featured more emotions by using more minor keys.