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NAACP
The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, also known as the NAACP, was a U.S. organization for seeking necessary integration for those of African descent into the communities of white males. The NAACP's goal was to ensure the political, educational, social, and economic equality of civil rights and to eliminate racial hatred and racial discrimination. -
Martin Luther King Jr
Martin Luther King Jr was born January 15, 1929 in Atlanta Georgia. He was a strong leader during the civil rights movement. He participated in the Montgomery Bus Boycott after Rosa Parks was arrested. He delivered his I Have a Dream speech in 1963 in the March on Washington. On April 4, 1968 in Memphis, Tennessee at age 39, Martin Luther King Jr was assassinated. -
Asa Philip Randolph
Asa Philip Randolph was a leader in the African Civil Rights Movement , the American Labor Union, and socialist political parties. He organized and led the predominantly black labor union also known as the “Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters”. Randolph also led the “March on Washington Movement” which helped to later ban discrimination in the defense industries during World War 2. He became known as the “most visible spokesperson for African-American civil rights”. -
Jackie Robinson
Jackie Robinson was very important during the Civil Rights Movement. Robinson was an American baseball player and later became the first black MLB player. He was skilled at baseball and possessed great talent. He broke the color barrier and proved that blacks could play baseball with whites. This proved that even an African American can benefit in baseball. Whites are not the only talented people. -
Executive order 9981
The Executive Order 9981 was issued on July 26, 1948 by President Harry S. Truman. It was made to eliminate racial discrimination in the armed forces, and the eventually ended segregation in the services. A year before that A. Philip Randolph with colleague Grant Reynolds, tried to improve efforts to end discrimination in armed services. They then formed the Committee Against Jim Crow in Military Service and Training. Later it was named the League for Non-Violent Civil Disobedience Against Milit -
Malcolm X
Like Martin Luther King, Malcolm X was a human rights activist. He is known to be one of the greatest and most influential African American in history. When he was young his father was killed by white supremacy and at age thirteen his mother was put in a mental hospital. He was placed in a series of foster homes and at age twenty he went to jail for breaking and entering. While in prison he became a member of the Nation of Islam. After his parole in 1952 he quickly rose to become one of its lea -
Brown v. Board of Education
When the US Supreme Court ended segregation in public schools. And separated blacks and whites was unconstitutional and was decided in 1954. This overthrew the Plessy v. Ferguson decision that allowed segregation in schools in 1896. The Warren Court's unanimous decision stated that "separate educational facilities are inherently unequal." As a result, de jure racial segregation was ruled a violation of the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution. Thi -
Rosa Parks
Rosa Parks was an African American civil rights activist. She became famous after she refused to give her seat up on a bus after a long day of work to a white man on the. She took part in the Montgomery Bus Boycott like Martin Luther King too. Afterwards she became a global image in the fight against racial segregation. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
The Montgomery Bus Boycott was an influential period during the Civil Rights Movements. The campaign started December 1, 1955 when Rosa Parks, an African American women was arrested for not giving her seat up to a white man on the bus. This caused a federal ruling, Browder v. Gayle, “took effect, and led to a United States Supreme Court decision that declared the Alabama and Montgomery laws requiring segregated buses to be unconstitutional.” Many other important figures in the civil rights movem -
SCLC
The Southern Christian Leadership Conference, also known as the ended legal/social discrimination against African Americans. Commonly known for its original leader, Martin Luther king jr., the SCLC organized and sponsored various protest marches and demonstrations in the late 1950s and 1960s. Although the group's influence decreased after King's assassination in 1968, the SCLC still works for the improvement of African American lives. -
Sit-ins and Freedom Riders
The sit-in tactic helped integrate other facilities. By 1961, approximately 70,000 people had participated in sit-ins across the country. One of the most important outcomes of these actions was that students from across the country became involved in the civil right movement. The sit-ins showed that a lot of nonviolent action could be helpful and brought media attention across the nation to the new era of the civil rights movement. Also, the jail-in tactic of not paying bail to protest legal inj -
March on Washington
This is where Martin Luther King gave his historic I have dream speech on Wednesday, August 28, 1963. Standing in front of the Lincoln Memorial he gave his speech for advocating racial harmony during the march. The March on Washington was organized by a group of civil rights, labor, and religious organizations unmated under the theme of and I quote “jobs, and freedom.” The members of those who participated vary from 200,000 police and 300,000 leaders of the march. It is estimated that 75% to 80% -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Was enacted on July 2, 1964. It outlawed any major forms of discrimination against racial, ethnic, national and religious minorities and women. It also put an end to racial segregation in school, unequal voter registration requirements, and in the workplace. Years earlier the powers to enforce the act were weak but was then supported by many different parts of the United States Constitution. President Lyndon B. Johnson signed this act in to law -
Black Power and Black Panthers
- Founded in 1966, The Black Panther Party had two goals, "We want power to determine the destiny of our black and oppressed communities," and "We want land, bread, housing, education, clothing, justice and peace." The Black Panthers represented both a militant revolutionary, with the self-respect to stand up and fight to win equality for all oppressed minorities. In addition, they also were a good role model, someone who wanted to bring about positive social services.
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Thurgood Marshall
Thurgood Marshall was an African American judge from “October 1967 until October 1991. Marshall was the Court's 96th justice and its first African-American justice.” Before he was a judge, Thurgood Marshall was a lawyer. He was best known “for his high success rate in arguing before the Supreme Court and for the victory in Brown v. Board of Education.” He served in many other cases too like United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit after being chosen by President John F. Kennedy. He
