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Toulin Model of Argument
Toumin's Model of Argument is broken down into six steps:
1. Claim - overall idea of argument: fact, judgment/value, policy. A claim staked is the ground on an argument one stands on.
2. Grounds - evidence, source credibility, and analysis and reasoning.
3. Warrant - inductive reasoning making an inference, Aristotle's three modes of persuasion (ethos, logos, and pathos) and shared value.
4. Backing - additional evidence/justification
5. Qualifier - probability of fact
6. Rebuttal - -
LOM Program
Leadership, Organization, and Co-determination
Toulmin was a main contributor with action research in the LOM Program and analyzing work procedures in a case study to see how employee contributions either helped or depleted a business overall. -
Toulmin on Aristotle's Ethics
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Medical Staff and Morality
Toulmin argues that our "reasoning" no longer means reasoning. Helps nurses with morality vs. rationality situations.