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Brow v. Board of Education
The supreme court ruled that African American children had rights to equal education and ruled that racial segregation of schools was unconstitutional. References
https://www.wrightslaw.com/law/art/history.spec.ed.law.htm
https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/brown-v-board-of-education-of-topeka -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (ESEA)
Children that were at a disadvantage got access to quality education with this law which included the distribution of funding to schools and school districts with students from low income families. References
https://www.wrightslaw.com/law/art/history.spec.ed.law.htm
https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/elementary-and-secondary-education-act-of-1965/#:~:text=ESEA%20is%20an%20extensive%20statute,the%20promotion%20of%20parental%20involvement. -
The Rehabilitation Act
The first disability civil rights law to be enacted in the USA. The law gives people with disabilities the right to get the help they need to be successful in school. References
https://wapave.org/disability-history-month-provides-opportunities-for-reflection/
https://dredf.org/legal-advocacy/laws/section-504-of-the-rehabilitation-act-of-1973/ -
Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA)
This act was created to protect the privacy rights of parents and children by limiting access to educational records without parental consent. References
https://www.wrightslaw.com/info/ferpa.index.htm#:~:text=The%20Family%20Education%20Rights%20and,these%20records%20without%20parental%20consent.
https://www2.ed.gov/policy/gen/guid/fpco/ferpa/leg-history.html#:~:text=The%20Family%20Educational%20Rights%20and,1974%2C%2090%20days%20after%20enactment. -
Education for all Handicapped Children Act
This is a law directed at students with disabilities, both mental and physical to provide them with special needs/services at public schools with the same educational opportunities as other children. References
https://www.masters-in-special-education.com/lists/5-important-special-education-laws/ -
Pennsylvania Association for Retarted Citizens (PARC) v. COmmonwealth of Pennsylvania
A case where the U.S district court for the Eastern District of Pa. and the state agreed to provide education for children with mental retardation. This gave an opening to all children with intellectual disabilities the right to a public education. References
https://www.pubintlaw.org/cases-and-projects/pennsylvania-association-for-retarded-citizens-parc-v-commonwealth-of-pennsylvania/ -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
This is a federal law that supports special education to ensure that special needs students receive appropriate free public education in an environment that accommodates to their needs and be able to participate in the same activities as other students without special needs. References
https://www.washington.edu/doit/what-individuals-disabilities-education-act -
Americans with Disabilities Act
This law was developed to prohibit discrimination in areas of public like schools, transportation and jobs against individuals with disabilities. Reference
https://adata.org/learn-about-ada -
No Child left behind
This act was created to make schools accountable for the academic performance of all students. Schools were required to develop routine assessments of students' academic skills. References
https://www.understood.org/en/school-learning/your-childs-rights/basics-about-childs-rights/no-child-left-behind-nclb-what-you-need-to-know -
Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA)
The act was signed by former president Obama to ensure student and school success. It also provides equal opportunity for students with special needs. References
https://www.ed.gov/essa?src=rn
https://www.understood.org/en/school-learning/your-childs-rights/basics-about-childs-rights/every-student-succeeds-act-essa-what-you-need-to-know