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Brown v. Board of Education (1954)
Supreme Court cause.
It established that separate cannot be equal.
Lead to racial desegregation of public schools. -
The Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (P.L. 89-750)
It established the first Federal grant program for the education of children and youth with disabilities at the local school level, rather than at state-operated schools or institutions. -
Diana v. State Board of Education of California
Supreme Court case that highlighted bias against certain students in assessment for placement in special education programs.
This resulted in public school systems being required to test children in their native language. -
Mills v. Board of Education (Mills)
Federal Court case.
It established that all children with disabilities in Washington D.C. are entitled to public education. -
Larry P. v. Riles (Larry P.)
Federal Court case that established that IQ tests could not be used to identify African American students as having a mental disability. -
Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children v. The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (PARC)
Supreme Court case in which parents of children with disabilities won the guarantee to not only traditional education, but also to education tailored to those children's special needs. -
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1972
Federal civil rights law provides protection to individuals with functional disabilities.
Provides protection to some students not eligible for services through IDEA -
P.L. 94-142 Education of the Handicapped Act (EHA)
Guaranteed a free, appropriate public education, or FAPE, to each child with a disability in every state and locality across the country. -
Board of Education of the Hendrick Hudson Central School District v. Rawley
United States Supreme Court case concerning the interpretation of the Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975.
Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) -
Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA)
Federal law protects the civil rights of individuals with disabilities that apply to public and private sectors and addresses matters such as transportation, public accommodations, and telecommunications. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
Federal law, first enacted in 1975, that protects the educational rights of infants, toddlers, children, and youth with disabilities (ages birth to 21).