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Brown vs. Board of Education
This court case ruled that segregation in education is unconstitutional. -
PARC v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania Association of Retarded Citizens (PARC) vs. Common Wealth of Pennsylvania required schools to give a Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) to all students. -
Mills v. Board of Education of District of Columbia
Deems it unconstitutional to deny people with a disability the right to an education. -
Rehabilitation Act- Section 504
The prohibition of discrimination against those with disabilities by programs with federal funding. -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA), PL 94- 142
Began requiring schools to use Individualized Education Plans (IEPS) and gave federal funding to those who provide special educate programs. -
Board of Education of Hendrick Hudson v. Rowley
Court rules that a free and appropriate public education (FAPE) has to provide basic needs, but does not have to be exemplary or provide maximum results. -
Timothy W. vs. Rochester
Established a no-rejection policy stating that schools must provide special education services to all individuals regardless of the severity of the disability.
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Timothy-W-v-Rochester-New-Hampshire-School-District -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
Ruled to continue and amend the rights established with EAHCA(1975) under the title IDEA. "People first" language began and it added categories of special education for brain injury and autism. -
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
Civil rights law that prohibits discrimination of people based on disabilities. -
IDEA Amendments
It added categories for ADHD and "other health impairments" as well as inclusion of students with disabilities in standardized testing and the general education classroom. It also provided discipline guidelines for the special education population. -
Olmstead v. L.C.
Established that the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) gives citizens the right to live within the community, instead of in specific centers or institutions. -
No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB)
Standardized testing begins. The government is held accountable for student achievement. Reactionary law for low American student achievement scores. -
IDEA Improvement Act
Encourages the use of the RTI model and provides a definition for a "highly qualified" special education instructor.
