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Charles II
Charles II was known as the "bewithched"because of his extensive physical, intellectual, and emotional disabilities (the product of generations of inbreeding between the Habsburgs). He was the last Habsburg ruler of Spain. During Charles reign Spain suffered from an economical crisis, the effort and pressure that he suffered to solve it togheter with his disabilities were the main causes of his death. -
Philip V
19 December 1683 – 9 July 1746 -
Charles II`s death
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Philip V
He was King of Spain from 1 November 1700 to 15 January 1724, when he abdicated in favour of his son Louis, and from 6 September 1724, when he assumed the throne again upon his son's death, to his own death. Philip's older brother, Louis, Duke of Burgundy, could not be displaced from their place in the succession to the French throne so King Charles II of Spain named Philip as his heir. His accession in Spain provoked the War of the Spanish Succession, which continued until the Treaty of Utrecht -
New Foundation Laws
The new degrees plant
They are a set of decrees issued by King Philip V of Bourbon, who won the War of Spanish Succession, by which were abolished the laws and institutions of the Kingdom of Valencia, the Kingdom of Aragon, the Principality of Catalonia and the Kingdom of Mallorca, all members of the Crown of Aragon who had opted for the Archduke Charles, putting an end to the composite structure of the Spanish monarchy of the Habsburgs. -
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The War of the Spanish Succession
After the death of Charles II, the French prince Philip of Anjou came to the throne because of Charles will and he declared that France and Spain would be united. This war broke because the Grand Alliance which was made by England, Holland, Prussia and Austria wanted the Archduke Charles of Austria in the throne instead of Philip. In 1711, Emperor Joseph I of Austria died leaving the post to the Archduck Charles. It was then odvious who would get the position. -
The Nueva Planta decrees
The Nueva Planta decrees were a number of decrees signed by Philip V between 1707 and 1716 during and shortly after the end of the War of the Spanish Succession by the Treaty of Utrecht. By these decrees laws and Treasury of the Kingdom of Valencia, Aragon , the Principality of Institutions Catalonia and the Kingdom of Mallorca were abolished putting an end to the composite structure of the Spanish monarchy of the Habsburgs. -
Louis I
25 August 1707 – 31 August 1724 -
End of the War of the Spanish Succession
This war then ended in 1712 and as a result several treaties were created, between them the treaty of Utrecht. -
Treaty of Utrecht
The Treaty of Utrecht is a series of individual peace treaties signed by the belligerents in the War of the Spanish Succession (which was occasioned by the failure of the Habsburg king, Charles II of Spain to produce an heir) in the Dutch city of Utrecht. There were several candidates for the throne but above were The Duke of Anjou and Charles IV. The treaties between several European states, including Spain, Great Britain, France, Portugal, Savoy and the Dutch Republic, helped end the war. -
Ferdinand VI
23 September 1713 – 10 August 1759 -
Charles III
20 January 1716 – 14 December 1788 -
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Charles III
Carlos was the third son of Felipe V who came to adulthood and the first he had with his second wife, Elizabeth Farnese, so were his half brothers Luis I and Ferdinand VI, who succeeded his father at first moment
Carlos served family policy as an element in the struggle to regain the Spanish influence in Italy,initially from his mother he inherited the duchies of Parma, Piacenza and Tuscany in 1731. -
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Louis I
Louis I was Philip V and Maria Luisa of Savoy´s son. He was King of Spain from 15 January 1724 until his death, at the age of 7, in August the same year. His reign is one of the shortest in history. -
The First Family Compact
These Compacts were made because during this period the struggle of power between Britain and France placed Spain in an awkward situation so France decided to alliate with Spain in order to have their support by creating these Family compacts. The First one was made by King Philip V of Spain and King Louis XV of France. As France became involved in the War of the Polish succession due to a marriage Philip V formed a plan to use this conflict to win back lost territory in Italy for his sons. -
End of the First Family Compact and the Second Family Compact
In the First Compact Louis failed to restore Stanislas to the Polish throne but the compact also proved benefitial as in 1734, the Bourbons gained the Duchy of Lorraine and the kingdoms of Naples and Sicily for Charles, the third son of King Philip V of Spain, who then was crowned king. The second family compact occured some years later in the Treaty of Fontainebleau and was signed in the middle of the War of Austrian Succession. With this one Philip became Duke of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla. -
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Ferdinand VI
Ferdinand VI was King of Spain from 9 July 1746 until his death. He was the fourth son of the previous monarch Philip V and his first wife Maria Luisa of Savoy. When he came to the throne, Spain found itself in the War of the Austrian Succession. At the beinig of his reign he eliminates the influence of the widow Queen Elisabeth of Parma and her group of Italian courtiers and he decided not to participate in the conflict between France and Britain. -
Charles IV
11 November 1748 – 20 January 1819 -
The Third Family Compact
This Compact, unlike the other two was made by King Charles III of Spain and Louis XV in the Treaty of Paris. At this time France was fighting the Seven Years' War against Great Britain which also caused conflicts between Austria and Prussia. Britain then gave suppor to Prussia and France to Austria and in Spain there was a big fear that a British victory would expand their power over them. At the end Britain succeded, France losed territory and Spain lost Florida but also gained Louisiana. -
Treaty of Paris
The treaty, signed in Paris by representatives of King George III of Great Britain and representatives of the United States of America, ended the American Revolutionary War. This treaty, along with the separate peace treaties between Great Britain and the nations that supported the American cause: France, Spain and the Dutch Republic, are known collectively as the Peace of Paris. Historians have commented that the treaty was very generous to the U.S. in terms of greatly enlarged boundaries. -
Esquilache Riots
The Esquilache Riots occurred during the rule of Charles III of Spain. It was caused mostly by the growing discontent in Madrid about the rising costs of bread and other staples, they were sparked off by a series of measures regarding Spaniards' apparel that had been enacted by Leopoldo de Gregorio, Marquis of Esquilache. His plan was to terminate the wearing of long capes and broad-brimmed hats, to modernize the appearance of conservative Spanish society and to improve public safety -
Joseph I Bonaparte
He was a politician, diplomat and French lawyer,whose young brother was Napoleon Bonapart.He was deputy of corsica in the Council of Five Hundred (1797-1799) and secretary thereof, and again in the Legislature (1799-1800), plenipotentiary minister and member State Council (1800-1804), Prince and Great Elector of the First French Empire (1804-1806)and King of Naples between March 30, 1806 and July 5, 1808. -
Jesuits expelled by Bourbons
The suppression of the Jesuits in the Portuguese Empire, France, the Two Sicilies, Malta, Parma and the Spanish Empire was a result of a series of political moves in each polity rather than a theological controversy. Monarchies attempting to centralize and secularize political power viewed the Jesuits as being too international, too strongly allied to the papacy, and too autonomous from the monarchs in whose territory they operated and making them to refuge particularly in non-Catholic nations. -
American declaration of independence
The Declaration of Independence is the statement adopted by the Continental Congress meeting at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, which announced that the thirteen American colonies, then at war with Great Britain, regarded themselves as thirteen newly independent sovereign states, and no longer a part of the British Empire. Instead they formed a new nation—the United States of America. -
Rafael del Riego
9 April 1784 – 7 November 1823 -
Ferdinand VII
14 October 1784 – 29 September 1833 -
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Charles IV
Charles IV was born, in the Kingdom of Naples (Italy). At age 40, he became king of Spain—a role that would prove to be far too large. With the French Revolution under way, Charles essentially turned the government over to his wife and her lover, and Spain was soon pitted against the revolutionaries. Eventually forced to abdicate the Spanish throne to his son, Ferdinand VII, Charles and Ferdinand were both deposed by Napoleon. Ferdinand VII was reinstalled in 1813, and Charles died in Rome -
French Rev. Storming of the Bastille
the bastille played an important role in the internal conflicts of France and for most of its history was used as a state prison by the kings of France. It was stormed by a crowd on 14 July 1789 in the French Revolution,because the parisians and people of the third state reveal,so this day became an important symbol for the French Republican movement, -
Execution of Louis XVI
King Louis execution took place at the "Place de la Révolution"
He was executed because the people from the third state (bourgeoisie,artisans and peasantry) rebelled because of the rise of taxes and on the 21 of january of 1793 he was murdered -
Baldomero Espartero
27 February 1793 – 8 January 1879 -
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Regency of Espartero
Joaquín Fernández-Espartero Baldomero was a Spanish general who held the titles of Prince of Vergara, Duke of Victory, Duke of Morella, Count of Luchana and Vicomte de Banderas, all of them in return for their work in the field, especially in the First Carlist War.Combatant in three of the four most important conflicts of Spain in the nineteenth century -
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War of Pyrenees
The War of the Pyrenees was the Pyrenean front of the First Coalition's war against the First French Republic. It pitted Revolutionary France against the kingdoms of Spain and Portugal during the French Revolutionary Wars. -
Treaty of San Ildefonso
Spain, where there was Carlos IV, having had to cede to France in the Peace of Basel (1795) its share of the island of Santo Domingo, resumed his previous alliance with France1 in the Treaty of San Ildefonso of 1796, it both nations they agreed to a military alliance against third countries. This alliance would be the result of the entry of Spain in the war against Britain -
Treaty of San Ildefonso
Spain, where there was Carlos IV, having had to cede to France in the Peace of Basel (1795) its share of the island of Santo Domingo, resumed his previous alliance with France1 in the Treaty of San Ildefonso of 1796, it both nations they agreed to a military alliance against third countries. This alliance would be the result of the entry of Spain in the war against Britain -
Napoleon first Consul
The coup of 18 Brumaire brought General Napoleon Bonaparte to power as First Consul of France, and, in the view of most historians, ended the French Revolution. This bloodless coup d'état overthrew the Directory, replacing it with the French Consulate. -
Battle of Trafalgar
The Battle of Trafalgar was a naval battle, as part of the third coalition initiated by Britain, Austria, Russia, Naples and Sweden to try to overthrow Napoleon Bonaparte's imperial throne and dissolve the influence French Military existing in Europe, in this battle they fought as allies France and Spain against the British navy, who won the victory.Nevertheless Napoleon plans did not go well and they lost -
Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies
27 April 1806 – 22 August 1878 -
Treaty of Fontaminebleau
The Treaty of Fontainebleau was a political agreement that was signed between Napoleon Bonaparte of France and Charles IV of Spain on October 27, 1807, in Fontainebleau, France. It was agreed that Portugal and all Portuguese dominions were to be divided between the signatories; by this agreement Napoleon wanted to secure and ensure the Continental Blockade he had imposed on Britain in 1806 by capturing the Portuguese ports. -
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Peninsular War
The Peninsular War was a military conflict between Napoleon's empire and the allied powers of Spain, Britain and Portugal for control of the Iberian Peninsula during the Napoleonic Wars. Napoleon wanted to conquer Spain so in 1807 forced Spain to join in an invasion of Portugal (Treaty of Fontainebleau). But Napolon had mistaken the feeings of the Spanish people and in 1808 they rose sontaneously against the invaders and in 1814 Napoleon was defeated and the War ended. -
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Ferdinand VII - First Period Abdication and Restoration
Ferdinand ascended the throne and turned to Napoleon for support. He abdicated on 6 May 1808. Napoleon kept Ferdinand under guard in France for six years. After the uprisings in Spain which led to the Peninsular War, Ferdinand was proclaimed king of Spain again. Spain was no longer the absolute monarchy he had relinquished six years earlier and Ferdinand was asked to rule under the constitution 1812 and he agreed but on 4 May he ordered its abolition and he ruled as an absolute monarch. -
Abdications of Bayonne
abdications of Bayonne, that took place at the beginning of May of 1808 in Castle of Marracq of the French city of Bayonne, is the name by which the successive resignations are known the kings Carlos IV and its son Fernando VII the throne of Spain in favor of Napoleón Bonaparte, that next would yield the rights to its brother Jose Bonaparte, who would reign with the name of Jose I. -
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Joseph I (Reign)
After Joseph´s reign in Naples, he left because once his brother´s armies were established on spanish territory, Napoleon placed him there.His arrival sparked the legitimate Spanish revolt against French rule, and the beginning of the Peninsular War. Joseph always thought he didnt fit and almost anybody supported him. However he did had some Spanish supporters called afrancesados. Feeling himself in an ignominious position, he then proposed his own abdication hoping to return to Naples. -
First Constitution (La Pepa)
“La pepa” took place on Father's Day and feast of St. Joseph. And the constitution, being a feminine word, and knowing who call Jose Pepe, because finally the Spanish people decided affectionately call her "Pepa". It was promulgated by the Parliament of Spain, with great importance because it was one of the most liberal constitutions of it´s time and was officially in effect only two years after the return to Spain of Fernando VII. Subsequently it was for some time reapplied -
Riego´s Pronuciamiento
Riego´s pronuciamiento was a "coup" military, conducted by Major Rafael de Riego on January 1, 1820 in Cabezas de San Juan (Sevilla) The ruling arose among the officers of the troops to combat the American revolt, due to the existence of a major upset in the army at the end of 1819, by the exclusion of liberal government, together with the Irrigation affiliation to Freemasonry, which contributed to his later success. -
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Ferdinand VII - Second Period Revolt
In 1820 a revolt broke out in favor of the Constitution of 1812. Ferdinand had restored the Jesuits upon his return and now the Society had become identified with repression and absolutism among the liberals, who attacked them. Rafael del Riego made a pronunciamiento during this period and due to this the king restored the Constitution. -
Cien Mil Hijos De San Luis
They were a French military force sent to Spain in 1823 to end the Liberal Triennium and return the Spanish throne to Fernando VII. The French King Louis XVIII was the most interested in ending the liberal stage of Spain that was established in 1820 by Riego. At the request of Fernando VII of preserving the throne of France, supported by Prussia, Austria and Russia adopted at the Congress of Verona (1822) the invasion of the territories, england did not participate -
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Ferdinand VII - Third Period The victory of Absolutism
During his last years Ferdinand's political appointments became more stable and his ten last years of reign saw the restoration of absolutism. After Ferdinand's reign a period of death and succession crisis came. The Bourbons brought to Spain the Salic law which excluded females from the line of succession which directly positioned his son Carlos to his post but before Ferdinand died he proclaimed her daughter Isabella II would be the queen after his death and this brought the Carlists Wars. -
Pragmatic Sanction
The Pragmatic Sanction of 1830 was approved by Ferdinand VII of Spain on March 29, 1830 came to promulgar 1 February 1789 Pragmatic approved by Parliament that year at the behest of King Charles IV and, for policy reasons outside, it did not enter into force. Pragmatic of 1789 annulled the Salic Law (which led women reign) -
Isabella II
10 October 1830 – 10 April 1904 -
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First Carlist War
The First Carlist War was a civil war in Spain from 1833 to 1839, fought between factions over the succession to the throne and the nature of the Spanish monarchy. It was fought between supporters of the regent, Maria Christina, acting for Isabella II of Spain, and those of the late king's brother, Carlos de Borbón (or Carlos V). The Carlists supported return to an absolute monarchy. -
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Isabella II
Isabella II was queen regnant of Spain. She was born to the fourth wife of Ferdinand VII, Maria Cristina. She came to the throne as an infant, but her succession was disputed by the Carlists, who refused to recognise a female sovereign, leading to the Carlist Wars. Her power was limited by the constitution. During her reign several constitutions were proposed and limited male suffrage was established. After a troubled reign, in 1868, se was deposed in the Glorious Revolution. -
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Regency of Maria Christina
The regency of Maria Cristina de Borbon is the first period of the minority of Isabel II of Spain during which her mother Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies assumed the functions corresponding to the Crown (1833-1840) and has to cope the First Carlist War unleashed by supporters of Carlos, the king's brother died in September 1833 Fernando VII does not recognize the Pragmatic Sanction of 1789 allowing women to reign and was made public by Fernando VII in March 1830. -
Amadeo I of Spain
30 May 1845 – 18 January 1890 -
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Second Carlist War
The Second Carlist War, or the War of the Matiners or Madrugadores (Catalan and Spanish for "early-risers," so-called from the harassing action that took place at the earliest hours of the morning), was a short civil war fought primarily in Catalonia by the Carlists under General Ramón Cabrera against the forces of the government of Isabella II. The uprising began in September 1846 and continued until May 1849, spreading to Galicia. -
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Spanish Glorious Revolution
The Glorious Revolution was a military rebellion led by Juan Prim and Francisco Serrano which took place in Spain in 1868. The motif of this Revolution was the political and military opposition to Isabella II and which finally resulted in the deposition of the Queen. Leaders of the revolution eventually recruited an Italian prince, Amadeo of Savoy, as king. -
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Amadeus of Savoy
Amadeus of Savoy was the only King of Spain from the House of Savoy. He was the second son of King Vittorio Emanuele II of Italy and was known for most of his life as the Duke of Aosta. After the deposition of Isabella II the Cortes elected him as Spain's monarch in 1870. Amadeo's reign was fraught with growing republicanism. He ruled during the period of the Carlists Wars and he abdicated because both republicans and Carlists rejected him. As a result, the First Spanish Republic was declared. -
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Third Carlist War
The Third Carlist War (Spanish: Tercera Guerra Carlista) (1872–1876) was the last Carlist War in Spain. It is very often referred to as the "Second Carlist War", as the 'second' (1847–49) had been small in scale and almost trivial in political consequence.During this conflict, Carlist forces managed to occupy several towns in the interior of Spain, the most important ones being La Seu d'Urgell and Estella in Navarre. Isabella II had abdicated the throne, and Amadeo I, a younger son of the King -
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The First Republic
The First Republic was the short-lived political regime that existed in Spain.This was Spain's First republican government but it led to many problems such as demands for greater regional autonimy, division of republicans and the Third Carlist War. In 1874 the republic ended with General Arsenio Martínez-Campos's pronunciamento which marked the beginning of the Bourbon Restoration: Alfonso XII was installed as a Spanish Monarch, to reign under a newly ratified liberal constitution.
