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Underground Railroad Part 2
Some famous abolitionists working on the Underground Railroad were Harriet Tubman, Frederick Douglass, and Thomas Garrett. Tubman made about 19 trips into the south transporting about 200 slaves. Garrett used his home as a station and helped more than 2,700 slaves over the course of 40 years of work on the Underground Railroad. Douglass, a fugitive slave himself, used words to combat slavery through speeches denouncing slavery and articles in his anti-slavery newspaper "The North Star." -
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Underground Railroad Part 1
On March 20, 1787, a Quaker named Issac T. Hopper established and began using a system of pathways for transporting fugitive slaves from slavery in the south to freedom in Canada, later called "The Underground Railroad." After that, many other abolitionists began to help out along this "railroad" by transporting slaves from safe house to safe house along the route, using their homes for temporarily sheltering fugitive slaves, and/or by giving money, food, and supplies to the slaves. -
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Underground Railroad Part 3
The Underground Railroad helped transport many slaves to freedom in Canada and gave them the opprotunity to start new lives. The Underground Railroad effected northerners and southerners in different ways. Northerners were happy because it was a tool they utilized to openly oppose slavery. Southerners hated the "railroad" because they were losing their slaves (free labor) and their property. The Underground Railroad played a huge role in igniting great tensions between north and south. -
Gerrit Smith Part 1
Gerrit Smith was born on March 6, 1797. He was from Utica, New York. Smith was an abolitionist that used speeches to combat slavery. He believed that the only way that peace could only be achieved by either putting an end to slavery or by letting it spread and dominate in the country. He used his house as a safe house for slaves on the Underground Railroad. Smith helped plan the attack of Harper's Ferry, which was an attack by abolitionist John Brown and other anti-slavery supporters... -
Gerrit Smith Part 2
On an army armory in Virginia to show their defiance towards slavery. Gerrit Smith wasn't a part of the attack, but the attack was a disaster. Brown's failure devestated Smith psychologically. He had planned on the attack to work so that more could be done to put an end to slavery. Because of this, Smith, who had been against the use of force to end slavery, became extremely frustrated and began to resort to violence to stop slavery as the Civil War loomed closer. -
Missouri Compromise Part 1
The Missouri Compromise is about whether slavery should be allowed in Missouri. The balance between free and slave states was even until Missouri requested permission to become a state, which would make an unbalance in Congress. In February, 1819, northern representative James Tallmadge proposed a bill that proclaimed that Missouri should become a free state. A southern Senetor, William Pinkney dissagreed. -
Missouri Compromise Part 2
He stated that by Congress choosing free or slave would make Missouri unequal to the original thirteen colonies. On March 6, 1820, Congress passed a bill, the Missouri Compromise, that accepted Missouri as a slave state and it allowed Maine to join as a free state. Congress remained balanced. The south received Missouri and the land south of the 36' 30' line of the LA territory. The north received everything north of the 36' 30' line except Missouri. -
Nat Turner's Rebellion Part 1
On August 22, 1831, Nat Turner, a black slave and preacher, led about 70 other slaves against white plantation owners in Southampton County, Virginia to revolt against slavery. They wanted to show the plantation owners what they though of slavery and ended up killing about sixty plantation owners and their families in fourty-eight hours. -
Nat Turner's Rebellion Part 2
The rebellion made the lives of blacks worse because the whites made stricter laws for all black people, further limiting what they could and couldn't do. -
Compromise of 1850 Part 2
This compromise greatly increased tensions across the whole country between both northerners and southerners mostly because of the Fugitive Slave Act, which required all fugitive slaves to be returned to their owners. -
Compromise of 1850 Part 1
On September 18, 1850, Congress passed the Compromise of 1850, which was written by Henry Clay. The compromise was created because California wanted to become a state, which would have caused an unbalance between free and slave states in the Senate. With this compromise, California became a free state, slave trade was abolished in Washington D.C., Texas border disputes were settled, land won from the Mexican-American war was split into territories, and the Fugitive Slave Act was passed. -
Kansas-Nebraska Act Part 2
This led to the summer of Bleeding Kansas in which many people were killed because pro and anti-slavery supporters couldn't agree in Kansas. -
Kansas-Nebraska Act Part 1
On May 30, 1854, The Kansas-Nebraska Act was passed in Congress. It was a bill created by Stephen Douglass to decide whether the territories of Kansas and Nebraska would be free or slave states. The bill stated that the people of the two territories would be able to choose whether the territories would be free or slave through popular sovereignty. Because of this bill, many pro and anti-slavery supporters in Kansas quarreled over whether they would become free or slave states. -
Bleeding Kansas Part 1
The Compromise of 1850 led several of both pro- and anti-slavery supporters to Kansas to try to make it become a free or slave state. On May 21, 1856, a group of people looted the town of Lawrence, Kansas in an uproar against slavery. This attack influenced John Brown, an abolitionist, to take action. He and a group of men committed the Pottawatomie Massacre along the Pottawantomie Creek in Kansas, taking five pro-slavery men from their homes and hacking them to pieces with swords. -
Bleeding Kansas Part 2
Brown used this and his later attack on the military base of Harper's Ferry to show his anger towards slavery. Because of his actions, the following summer, which became known as Bleeding Kansas, was full of death and destruction between pro- and anti-slavery supporters violently disagreeing amongst one another.all throughout Kansas. -
Dred Scott Decision Part 1
Dred Scott was a slave, which he had previously worked for an army doctor in free states, that wanted to become a free man. He started in the district courts running against his slave owner, Mrs Emerson, three times but only won once. Then he received help from an abolitionist to go before the Supreme Court. On March 6, 1857, the Supreme Court ruled against Dred Scott's case and Scott lost. -
Dred Scott Decision Part 2
In the ruling, all black people were considered worth no more than property. The Missouri Compromise was considered void, completely eliminating the 36' 30' line below Missouri, thus allowing slave owners to move to free states above this line with their slaves. This act infuriated northerners because all black people were not considered humans. Also, slave owners could now potentially live in free states, thus making them no longer free states. Tensions soared high between north and south. -
Election of 1860 Part 1
On November 6, 1860, the 1860 United States presidential election took place Abraham Lincoln, a Republican, John Bell, a Constitutional Unionist, and Stephen Douglas and John Breckenridge, both Democrates, all ran for president that year. In the end, Abraham Lincoln won the presidency without gaining a single southern vote because there were more electoral votes from northern states, which he won most of the northern states. -
Election of 1860 Part 2
Because Lincoln, a Republican, won the election without any southern votes, seven southern states seceded from the Union. They formed the Confederate States of America and later prepared for war with the north. -
Attack on Fort Sumter Part 1
On April 12, 1861, Confederate troops attacked the Union Fort Sumter, located in South Carolina. Fort Sumter had been running low on supplies so President Lincoln sent supplies to the fort by nonmilitary ships to prevent fighting. The Confederate decided that they wanted the fort because it was a Union Fort in their Confederate state, and since the troops wouldn't willingly give up the fort, the Confederates attacked it. After a twenty-four hour fight, the Union soldiers surrendered the fort. -
Attack on Fort Sumter Part 2
Because of this act of agression, Lincoln began to gather troops together, which the Confederates saw as an act of war, leading to the start of the Civil War.
