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250
the mayan numbers
cause: their civilisation started wellbefore 250 their civilisation collapsed in the 9th century AD so this system is not used anymore
effect: The Mayans had a number system with a base 5 within a base 20. it was used for calcuklation and for the calandars. -
Oct 14, 1066
the Battle of Hastings
cause: The English king had recently died with no one to take over. The English and the French Normans disagreed on who they thought should take over. france payed soldiers to invade england so they would accept him as king.
effectThe impact that the Normans defeat had on England was the change of language. The language of the Normans were French so once they won over England they changed the language to French. -
Jan 1, 1099
the first crusade
Cause: The Crusades were a series of religious wars between Islam and Christianity. The conflict started when Muslim expansion threatened Europe. Islamic armies invaded Europe several times since Muhammad's death. As a result, Pope Urban II declared a Battle to free the Holy Land and relieve pressure on the Byzantines.
Effects: the crusades ended up helping ease pressure on the Byzantine Empire, which had regained some of its Anatolian territory, and experienced a period of peace and fortune in -
Jan 1, 1136
the Notre dame
Cause: the Notre dame was built by the French in 1163. It consists of flying buttresses, gargoyles and stain glass windows. Everyone in the community helped build the Notre dame. They offered money, labour or knowledge. It was made so the citizens of France would have a place to go to pray to god.
Effect: the effect that the Notre dame had on the population was that they had a place to pray, look for guidance from god and beg for forgiveness. The building process of the Notre dame enlightened a -
May 9, 1147
minamoto yoritomo
Cause: Minamoto sons made a plan to take over Taira Kiyomiri. They lead the riot against him. In 1185 they finally defeated him.
Effects: after the Minamoto clan defeated the Tairo clan they established a hereditary shogunate base at Kamukura. -
Jan 1, 1153
the Kamakura Bakufu
Cause: the shoen governors gained power because of the emperors who lost their authority. The Taira and Minamoto clans fought against each other for control of Kyoto.
effect: Minamoto Yoshitomo captured the former emperor and the current emperor but Taira Kiyomori from the Taira clan then killed him in battle -
Jan 1, 1192
third crusade
cause: The third crusade started because Saladin captured Jerusalem who was the sultan of Egypt. The Christians encountered him in a great battle near the lake of Galilee and it ended in the rout of their army and the capture of their king. In the end, the Christians regained Jerusalem from the Moslem organisation that had ruled it.
effects:Muslim victory, Christian armies halted, Italians consolidate control of Syrian ports, Muslims allow unarmed Christian pilgrimages to Holy Land, Jerusalem re -
Jan 1, 1215
Magna Carta
Cause: It was signed between the feudal barons and king john at Runnymede near Windsor Castle. Magna Carta was an attempt by the barons to stop a king.
Effect: The document was a series of written promises between the king and his noblemen that he would govern England and deal with its people according to the customs of feudal law -
Jan 1, 1271
marco polo travals to Asia
Cause: Marco polo travelled to Cathay with his father and uncle. He was the first European to travel to Mongol and China. He and his father and uncle were invited into the palace to stay with Kublai khan. He studied Chinese and became employed as a representative of the Chinese monarch.
Effect: when the Polo’s get back to Europe, Marco gets captured by the Genoese. He starts writing down his travels which become famous as back then it was the only insight about china and the Far East. -
Jan 1, 1274
mongolia invade japan
Cause: others think Kublai did this for the gold and pearls but he really wanted japan under his control so he could perfect the economic and military isolation of south china.
Effect: Kublai khan overpowered japan 1260. By the time kublai came to power the mongols had already conquered a huge area through japan. -
Jan 1, 1294
The Mongol Empire Collapses
Cause: the Mongol empire began to collapse in 1227, after the death of Genghis khan. The lack of heir led to fighting and plans to overtake leadership. After the death of Khan Mongke in 1259, the empire separated into four separate regions.
Effect: Kublai khan was the known leader of the empire, but severe disagreement took place. The death of Kublai khan in 1294 was effectively the end of the Mongol empire. The dynasty started to fade and Chinese rebels overthrew the Mongols -
Jan 1, 1519
Hernan Cortes conquered the aztec empire
Cause: Hernan Cortez wanted to be the first one to conquer the Aztec empire because of the ruches that possessed. He conquered them in 1519 by traveling to the Aztec empire with five hundred other soldiers, making sure they didn’t leave any gold behind.
Effect: after they had conquered them they tore down the empire and used its stone to create Mexico City. In April 1520, After Hernan Cortez had conquered the Aztec empire, Velazquez sent an expedition to capture him. Hernan Cortez left to fight -
hideyori
Cause: Hedeyoshi was served by Leyasu after Nobunga died. Hideyoshi chose Leyasu to be one of the five guardians of his son Hideyori. Despite the pledges they had made to Hideyoshi, fighting erupted between Hideyoshi’s generals over who could control Japan.
Effect: About 100 km north east of Kyoto at Sekigahara, the two armies fought until leyasu won and gained control of japan. -
the meiji restoration
Cause: In 1868 the Tokugawa shogun, who ruled Japan, lost his power and the emperor was restored to the supreme position. The emperor took the name Meiji as his reign name; this event was known as the Meiji Restoration.
Effect: after the Meiji restoration japan had regained control of foreign trades and the legal system. They gained full independence and equality in international fairs. -
The Vikings
CAUSE: The reason the Vikings invaded England was because they were looking for better land to live on and to farm on because their own land wasn’t good. Norway had too many hills, Denmark had too much sand etc. so England was their only option of land to grow crops on. With England being bigger they would have enough room for everyone to farm on. EFFECTS AND IMPACTS: the Vikings made an effect on the Political, Religious, Technological, Cultural, Military, Language and Economic side of things.
