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The French & Indian War
The French and Indian War started in North America in 1754, and lasted until 1763. Britain and France had had growing conflicts since 1689. In the early parts of the war, it seemed that it was in favor of the French, but eventually turned around into the favor of the British. As a result of the war, Britain was deep in war debt. -
Treaty of Paris 1763
The Treaty of Paris is a treaty that states that all of France's land in North America was lost to the British. The British received Quebec and the Ohio River Valley, and the port of New Orleans was given to the Spanish for their efforts as an ally. -
Pontiacs War
Pontiac's War was an Indian rebellion to stop British expansion onto their land. It got its name from the Ottawa Indian chief, Pontiac. Near the end of the war the colonies were riddled with disease. -
Proclamation of 1763
The Proclamation of 1763 was a law passed by British Parliament that prohibits settler to settle west of the Appalachian Mountains. The colonists were angered by this because they thought they could settle wherever they wanted, -
Sugar Act
The Sugar act was a law passed by Parliament that put duty, or import tax, on items such as sugar and molasses. This acted as a way to have the colonies help pay off the debt of the French and Indian War. The colonists reacted by boycotting items from Britain, and got them elsewhere, or from smugglers. -
Stamp Act
The Stamp Act was a law passed by Parliament that put a tax stamp on documents such as books, wills, newspapers, marrigage licenses, etc. This acted as another way to make the colonies pay off war debt. The colonists were angered because the stamps were automatically added to the price of the items, and the colonists acted more violently. Instead of boycotting, they made dummies of tax collectors and set them on fire. -
Quartering Act
The Quartering Act was a law passed by Parliament that said that colonists must house a British soldier. This acted as another form to have the colonies help with the debt. It required the colonists to house and take care of a British soldier. The colonists, however, refused to house the soldiers. -
Stamp Act Congress
The Stamp Act Congress was held to get Parliament to repeal the Stamp Act. The key leaders of this were the Sons of Liberty. Nine colonies were represented in the Stamp Act Congress. The Declaration of Rights and Grievances was a law passed by the Stamp Act Congress declaring all British laws unconstitutional. -
Townshend Acts
The Townshend Acts were named after Prime Minister Charles Townshend. The Townshend Acts were yet another way to have the colonies pay taxes to pay off war debt. The items taxed in these laws were glass, paper, paint, lead, and tea. The Townshend Acts also included the Writs of Assistance. The colonists protested the Wris of Assitance saying that they violated their right as British citizens. When the Townshend Acts were repealed, only one tax remained, the one on tea. -
Boston Massacre
The Townshend Acts were a way to tax the colonists without angering them. Instead of taxing items in the colonies, item that come into the colonies from Britain were taxed. They also added the Writs of Assistance, which were search warrents that didn't say what they were searching for. The colonies still protested teh Townshend Acts by boycotting British goods, and smuggling them from other countries. On March 5th 1770, the Townshend Acts were repealed, bout Parliament was too late. -
Tea Act
The purpose of the Tea Act was not to raise revenue in the colonies, but it intended to help the East India Company. A monopoly is a company that controls all or nearly all businesses of that industry. -
The Boston Tea Party
The Boston Tea Party was a protest on the import tax on tea coming into the colonies. The cause was that Parliament repealed the Sugar Act and replaced it with the Tea Act. The Sons of Liberty threw 342 chests of tea into the Boston Harbor. The British responded by making the Intolerable Acts, as a way to punish the Americans. -
The Intolerable Acts (2)
Another key point is the Massachusetts Government Act, which said that a British Governor would be in charge of all town meetings in Boston, and lastly, the Quebec Act, which extended Canadian borders to cut off western colonies such as Connecticut, Massachusetts and Virginia. -
The Intolerable Acts (1)
The Intolerable Acts were passed as a form of punishment for the Americans. Another name for them were the Coercive Acts. There were 5 laws included in the Intolerable Acts. Some key points of the Intolerable acts were the Boston Port Bill, which closed the Boston Harbor to keep items from coming in and out, the Quartering Act, which had colonists house militia soldiers, the Administration of Justice Act, which said that British officials could not be tried in the colonies for crimes. -
The First Continental Congress
The First Continental Congress was called to intervene the Intolerable Acts. Twelve of the thirteen colonies were represented by fifty-six delegates. The colonists agreed to hold a boycott of British trade, and petition King George III. Some key people were George Washington, Patrick Henry, John Adams, Peyton Randolph, and John Jay. -
Lexington & Concord (1)
The British army were headed to Concord to seize gunpowder. At Lexington, a guard of nearly 240 British soldiers advance to Lexington and are confronted by 70 American minuteman, and both eye each other when a shot was fired. A minuteman is militia volunteer that is ready to battle with a minutes notice. After the British killed seven Americans at Lexington, they headed on to Concord, but were thwarted by the Americans, and the British were forced to retreat to Boston. -
Lexington and Concord (2)
As the British retreated, they were attacked by the American militia. After Lexington and Concord, the British had suffered many casualties. -
Second Continental Congress
On June 14, 1775 the Congress voted to create the Continental Army. The Olive Branch Petition was an attempt by the Second Continental Congress to avoid a war for freedom. The Declaration of Causes was an explanation as to why the colonies had taken up arms against Britain. The Second Continental Congress was a way to protect the colonies. -
Battle of Bunker Hill
The colonists were originally planning to build their defenses on Bunker Hill, but instead built on Breed's Hill. Artemas Ward led the Americans at Bunker Hill, while General Wailliam Howe led the British. Howe's strategy was to march up the hill in a head-on attack, hoping that the Americans would retreat. In the morning, British ships fired on the Americans and the army marched up the hill. When the British were 15 paces away, the Americans fired. In the end the Americans won the battle. -
The Battle of Bunker Hill
I would call it a costly victory because the British had a lot of casualties.
