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Stock Market Crash
In 1929, the stock market crashed and caused a world wide Depression. As early as March the stock market had mini-crashes, signaling something was seriously wrong. In October 1929, on Black Friday it crashed. The Thursday before 12 mil. stocks had changed hands. The full devestation was not fully realized until the following Tuesday. -
Roosevelt 1st Election
Franklin D. Roosevelt was the 32nd president in the United states during the Great Depression. He took us out of isolationism and victory over Nazi Germany and its allies in World War II. He also created the New Deal programs to help the US during the Great Depression. -
CCC
The CCC stands for Civilian Conservation Corps. It operated from 1933 to 1942. Men who were unmarried and ages 17-28 could work in the group. Originally only men ages 18-25 were allowed. The group build many useful public projects throughout the United States. -
Social Security Act
Social Security Act of 1935 created a federal insurance program based on the automatic collection of taxes from employees and employers throughout people's working careers. They would receive this money in a monthly pension when they reached the age of 65. The unemployed, disabled, and mothers with dependent children would also receive this money. -
FDR court Packing Scandal
Presidents Franklin Roosevelt plan to expand the supreme court to as many as 15 judges. The plan was very controversial. -
HUAC Formed
The HUAC stands for the House Un-American Activities Committee. The group investigated allegations of communist activity in the U.S. during the Cold War. -
Germany Breaks Munich Pact
Munich Agreement was an attempt to please Nazi Germany so we would not have to go to war. However when Germany broke the pact and attract the rest of Czechoslovakia. Neville Chamberlain relized that Hitler could not be trusted and now WW2 was about to happen. -
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Battle of Britain
It was a military campaign in which the Royal Air Force defended the United Kingdom attacks by Germany's air force. The British were eventully able to defeate the Germans. -
Attack on Pearl Harbor
On December 7 1941, Japanese planes attacked a United States Naval Base located at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii Territory. The bombing killed more than 2,300 Americans and left the American battleship U.S.S completely destroyed. -
FDR Dies/Truman President
When FDR died of a stroke his Vice president Truman became the President of the United states. Truman then served from 1945 to 1953. -
Operation Overlord/D-Day
The Allies of World War II launched the largest and most amphibious invasion in history when they assaulted Normandy. Normandy is located on the northern coast of France. This attack allowed the Allies to finally defeat Germany. -
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Yalta Conference (Cold War)
The Big Three Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin Met at Yalta Russia to make final war plans, arrange the post-war fate of Germany, and discuss the proposal for creation of the United Nations as a successor to the League of Nations. They announced the decision to divide Germany into three post-war zones of occupation, although a fourth zone was later created for France. Russia also agreed to enter the war against Japan, in exchange for the Kuril Islands and half of the Sakhalin Peninsula. -
Iron Curtain (Cold War)
A term coined by Winston Churchill to describe an imaginary line dividing Communist countries in the Soviet block from countries in Western Europe during the Cold War. This showed his opposition towards the Communists and pushed us toward democratic ideals of free speech. -
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Potsdam Conference (Cold War)
The big three: Roosevelt, Churchill, Stalin. The final wartime meeting of the leaders of the United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union was held at Potsdamn. Truman, Churchill, and Stalin discussed the future of Europe but their failure to reach meaningful agreements soon led to the onset of the Cold War. They discussed the future of Europe and formation of peaceful alliances. -
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Nuclear bomb dropped on Hiroshima/Nagasaki
The US dropped 2 atomic bomb on Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, one on each city. The bombs did a lot of damage and completely wiped everything it the blast zone. -
United Nations created
The United Nations was founded on October 24 1945. It was created in hoping to prevent another conflict like world war 2. When it was founded the UN had 51 member states; there are now 193. -
Berlin Blockade (Cold War)
Russia under Stalin blockaded Berlin completely in the hopes that the West would give the entire city to the Soviets to administer. To bring supplies, the U.S. and Great Britain mounted air lifts which became so intense that, at their height, an airplane was landing in West Berlin every few minutes. Berlin was located entirely within Soviet-controlled East Germany. Showed the Us and allies would not give in to the communists and would fight to protect the people -
Marshall Plan (Cold War)
Introduced by Secretary of State George G. Marshall in 1947, he proposed massive and systematic American economic aid to Europe to revitalize the European economies after WWII and help prevent the spread of Communism. It showed that the US would restore governments and countries harmed by WWII increasing out look globally but also making the soviets do the same. -
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Berlin Airlift
The Berlin Airlift happened form Jun 24,1948 till May 12, 1949. Truman, ordered a massive airlift of supplies into West Berlin to help the people in West Berlin get much needed suppies. They did it because of the blockade by Russia. -
Truman Doctrine
The Truman Doctrine was first developed and presented on March 12, 1947. Later Truman said to contain threats to Greece and Turkey. It states that the United States would provide political, military and economic assistance to all democratic nations under threat from external or internal authoritarian forces. -
Election of 1948 (Cold War)
Truman (Democrat) vs. Dewey (Republican). Truman won even though people thought that his integration policies would cause him to lose, as were disapproved by the Dixiecrats. It was completely against what all predictions said but Truman won despite a 3 way split in the democratic party. -
NATO (Cold War)
North Atlantic Treaty Organization; an alliance made to defend one another if they were attacked by any other country; US, England, France, Canada, Western European countries. Was the first permanent alliance ever made in peacetime by the US going against Washington but this remains strong to this day. -
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Korean War
North Korea invaded south Korea. The North was communist and the South was non-communist. The north and South was divided at the 38 Parallel. The United states helped South Korea. -
Rosenberg Trials
Ethel and Julius Rosenberg were accused of selling nuclear secrets to the Russians. They could not be charged with treason because the United States was not at war with the soviet Union. They were sentenced to death. -
Barbara Johns Walks Out
In barbara johns, a sixteen year old from virginia, initiated a student strike over terrible conditions in her black high school. these cases along with others were defended by future supreme court justice thurgood marshall. this lawyer urged the court to rethink their separate but equal policy. -
Anzus (Cold War)
Defensive alliance organized by the US in 1951 & included Australia & New Zealand. Created in response to a waning British fleet & a greater Soviet threat in the Pacific. -
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Brown v Board of Education
It ruled that separate was unequal there for it violated the 14th amendment. This ruling how ever was met with resistant and anger through out the country. Integration was happening very slowly . This case broke the back bone of segerations and helped spark the civil rights movemnt. -
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Warsaw Pact (Cold War)
Treaty signed in 1945 that formed an alliance of the Eastern European countries behind the Iron Curtain; USSR, Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, and Romania. A precursor to NATO and showed that eastern europe was under the USSR. -
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Vietnam war (start to end)
The prolonged struggle between nationalist forces attempting to unify the country of Vietnam under a communist government and the United States (with the aid of the South Vietnamese) attempting to prevent the spread of communism. -
Rosa Parks (Cold War)
United States civil rights leader who refused to give up her seat on a bus to a white man in Montgomery (Alabama) and so triggered the national civil rights movement (born in 1913). It triggered the Civil Rights Movement for African Americans by standing up against segregation. -
Sputnik
In October 1957, the Soviet Union surprised the world by launching Sputnik, the first artificial satellite to orbit the earth. The resulting outcry in the United States, especially fears that the Soviets were ahead in both space exploration and military missiles, forced the Eisenhower administration to increase defense spending and accelerate America's space program. -
Greensboro lunch Sit-ins
Four black students attempted to force the desegregation of a lunch counter in Woolworth's store. They staged a sit in which lasted several days. By the 4th day, 300 students had joined the sit-in By the end of the week the store had closed rather than desegregated. -
The Birth Control Pill Is Approved
Americans began to think differently about sex, contraception and about women’s capacity to control their own bodies and participate as truly equal members of society. Sex uncoupled from procreation, the freedom to choose when and if to become a mother, the ability for a woman to plan her life without fear of an unwanted pregnancy getting in the way -
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Freedom Rides
In 1961 a event organized by CORE and SNCC in with an interracial group of civil rights activists. They tested southern states compliance to the Supreme Court ban of segregation on interstate buses. -
Berlin Wall
Many East Germans fled to the West as EG was highly unpopular, over 2.7 million refugees tried to escape. This was a problem for Khrushchev as it made him look bad. So in 1958 Khrushchev declared that the whole of Berlin belonged to East Germany and gave the three powers 6 months to withdraw. When they refused Krushchev found another way to "solve" the problem. On 13th of August 1961 a 30 mile barrier was built across the city of Berlin overnight. -
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Cuban Missile Crisis
When the Kennedy Administration faced one of its most serious foreign policy crisis. Soviet Union saw a get time strengthen the relationship between the Soviet Union and Fidel Castro's Cuba. Their was a missile on cuba and it was very cose to the United States. -
Children's March
March that took place in Birmingham, AL in 1963 where children fought back against the injustice of segregation in Birmingham. Their nonviolent protest was met with firehoses and dogs who were turned on them in Kelly Ingram Park. This event became important because it gave national attention to the violence taking place in the South. -
March on Washington
A massive march in Washington DC organized by MLK to highlight the difficulties black Americans still faced one century after emancipation. About 250,000 gathered around the Lincoln Memorial and the climax of the event was Martin Luther King's speech, "I Have A Dream". It is important because it reveals that blacks are still not free, even though they are no longer legally enslaved. -
Assassination of John F. Kennedy
In 1963 in Dallas, riding in a parade to drum up support for the upcoming presidential election in 1964, JFK was shot twice by Lee Harvey Oswald and pronounced dead at Parkland hopsital. -
Tonkin Gulf Resolution
Authority granted by congress to President Johnson in 1964 to approve and support in advance " The determination of the president as commander in Chief, to take all necessary measures to repel any armed attacks against the U.S. -
Assassination of Malcolm X
Malcolm X was assassinated in 1965 while giving a speech in New York City. The assassins were said to be Black Muslims, although this was never proved. -
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Operation Rolling Thunder
Launched by President Johnson, a massive air bombarbment of North Vietnam, in April of 1965. The targets were directly chosen by the president. These were regular full scale bombing attacks against Vietnam. -
The Immigration and Nationality Act Is Signed
Abolished the national-origins quotas and providing for the admission each year of 170,000 immigrants from the Eastern Hemisphere and 120,000 from the Western Hemisphere. -
Thich Quang Duc
On November 2, 1965, Morrison doused himself in kerosene and set himself on fire below Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara's Pentagon office. This was probably in emulation of Buddhist monk Thich Quang Duc, who burned himself to death in downtown Saigon of then South Vietnam to protest the repression committed by the South Vietnam government. -
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Tet-offensive
National Liberation Front and North Vietnamese forces launched a huge attack on the Vietnamese New Year, which was defeated after a month of fighting and many thousands of casualties; major defeat for communism, but Americans reacted sharply, with declining approval of LBJ and more anti-war sentiment. -
Assassination of MLK
Martin Luther King Jr. was shot from outside the balcony of his motel room in Memphis Tennessee by James Earl Ray. The period of national mourning following the assassination helped speed up the passing of the Fair Housing Act, which prohibited discrimination involving the sale, rental, and financing of housing based on race, religion, national origin, and sex; the act is widely considered the last great legislative achievement of the civil rights era. -
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Woodstock
This counterculture festival occured in 1969 on a farm in New York State. Hippies gathered at the concert for a three-day party that involved sex, drugs, and rock and roll. Artists such as Jimi Hendrix and Janis Joplin wowed the crowd that lived together in the dirt and mud of the farm. Young people found a connection with the work of folk signers such as Bob Dylan and Joan Baez, whose protest songs galvanized the counterculture. -
Kent State
Massacre of four college students by National Guardsmen on May 4, 1970, in Ohio. In response to Nixon's announcement that he had expanded the Vietnam War into Cambodia, college campuses across the country exploded in violence. -
Vietnam day
Vietnam day recognizes veterans who served in the US military during the Vietnam War. -
Iran hostage crisis
When Carter in November 1979 allowed the deposed shah of Iran to seek medical treatment in the United States, Khomeini's followers invaded the American embassy in Tehran and seized fifty-three hostages. They did not regain their freedom until January 1981, on the day Carter's term as president ended. Events in Iran made Carter seem helpless and inept and led to a rapid fall in his popularity.
