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1350
Start of Itialian Renaissance
A period of relative peace and intellect throughout Italy that had lead to a good amount of art and culture, ending with the Sacking of Rome -
1440
Invention of the Printing Press
The printing press had been created by Gutenberg. It had revolutionized the ability to print books. It had also spurred the Northern Renaissance. -
1450
Northern Renaissance
Until 1450, the Northern Renaissance had a little impact on Northern Europe. Although, some ideas had began to spread to the Renaissance time period in Northern Europe. -
Oct 18, 1469
Ferdinand and Isabella marry
The King of Spain name was King Ferdinand, and the Queen of Castile's name was Isabella. The two married to end hospitalities between the two nations. -
1488
Commercial Revolution
A period of European colonization and mercantilism which had started in 1488 with the first European sailing around the Cape and had lasted around the time of the American Revolution in 1776. -
1492
Columbus Discovers America
Christopher Columbus was an Italian voyager. He had completed four voyages and had later discovered the Americas in 1492. -
Oct 13, 1517
Martin Luther posts his 95 Thesis
Martin had posted his 95 Thesis on a church door. He had been arguing that indulgences were not right. This had began the Reformation. -
1521
Diet of Worms
The Diet of Worms was an assembly meeting of the Holy Roman Empire. This meeting was between the political and religious authorities to figure out how to respond to Martin Luther's teachings. -
1530
John Calvin and the Calvinists
John Calvin had created Calvinism. Calvinism is a Protestant religion based on predestination. -
1541
Start of Calvinism
John Calvin created Calvinism and the main belief of this religion was predestination. People had believed God already had decided everyone's path in life. -
1545
Council of Trent
The Catholics had attempted to stop the Protestant religion. The Catholics had also tried to reform the Catholic Church. -
Aug 23, 1572
St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre
This had been the day when the Roman Catholics mobbed. This had occurred during the French Religious War, and this mob had killed 5,000 to 30,000 protestants, -
Spanish Armada attacks
The Spanish that had failed attacked England using naval forces. Due to a storm, new technology, and tactics, England had won . -
Start of Agricultural Revolution
It was a time period where efficiency of agriculture had allowed for a greater quality of life. It had eventually lead to the Industrial Revolution. -
Assassination of Henry IV of France
Henry IV of France was assassinated by a Catholic fanatic. He had believed that this essentially was an act of God. -
Thirty Years War
This War had ended the Reformation with a treaty. It contained four stages and had been between the Catholics and Protestants. -
Gustavus Adolphus dies
Gustavus had died in a battle, and his death was a great loss. Gustavus was a great protestant leader and was a phenomenal military leader. -
English Civil War
The English CIvil War was a war in England which ended the execution of King Charles. It had also ended with the establishment of the Commonwealth. -
Peace of Westphalia
This Peace had ended the Thirty Years' War. It was a turning point into centralizing power. -
Glorious Revolution
The Glorious of Revolution had started with William of Orange had invaded England with a Dutch fleet. He had then tried to take power with out any bloodshed. -
English Bill of Rights
This had been an act that signed into law in 1689 by William III and Mary II, the two had became co-rulers in England after James II had been overthrown. The English Bill of Rights had outlined particular constitutional and civil rights and essentially gave Parliament power over the monarchy. -
Treaty of Utrecht
This treaty had ended the War of Spanish Succession. This had allowed for Philip to remain King of Spain, but not King of France. -
Start of the Enlightenment
A time period of enlightened growth and education leading into a more modern society, many philosopher's had argued what an ideal society was and what the rights should be. -
Diplomatic Revolution
This revolution was a shift of support between England between France over Austria and Prussia. Austria had sided with England and Prussia sided with France to the reverse. -
American Revolutionary War begins
This war was fought over the issue over U.S. independence from the British Empire. The war was initiated by delegates from thirteen American colonies from British America. -
The Great Fear
This was a period in the French Revolution where rumors had been spread that a group of peasants had been roaming the countryside as a part of the Revolution. -
Formation of the National Assembly
This had been the pivotal group of the Third Estates Generals that formed a group against the French monarchy. -
Tennis Court Oath
This group had created the French Revolution. This had happened after the National Convention was forced to use a tennis court after they were locked out of their meeting place. -
Storming of Bastille
Bastille was captured by the peasants. The result of the capture, the rebellion begins. -
Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen
This was the documents that was influenced by the idea of 'Natural Rights'. This had also declared what rights every human should be given. -
Women's March on Versailles
The women of Paris had rioted over high bread prices. In result of this, they had ransacked the Palace of Versailles, which had ended with King Louis XVI to return to Paris with them. -
Constitution of Year III
The Constitution of the Year III was the constitution of the French First Republic which had established the Executive Directory.This constitution had ratified by the National Convention. -
Napoleon becomes Emperor
Napoleon becomes Emperor. This had brought Semester 1 to an end. -
Congress of Vienna
This had been a meeting that reaffirmed conservative power. This had also promoted balance power, anti nationalistically. -
Revolutions in France. Belgium, and Greece
In the revolutions of 1830,rebellions against conservative kings and governments by liberals and revolutionaries in different parts of Europe in 1830 -
Liberal Revolutions
This had been a series of republican revolts against European monarchies. It had began in Sicily and spreaded to France, Germany, Italy, and the Austrian Empire. -
Unification of Italy
This unification was the social and political movement that had resulted in the consolidation of different states of the Italian peninsula. This had been inspired by the rebellions in the 1820's and 1830's against the outcome of the Congress of Vienna. -
Berlin Conference
This conference had regulated European colonization and trade in Africa. The conference was organized by Otto von Bismarck. -
Queen Victoria dies
By 1900 she was suffering from many ailments and due to cataracts could barely see. She died at the age of 81 on January 22, 1901. -
Germany invades Belgium
The German had an invasion plan for France called for an attack through Belgium, instead of through the greatly defended Franco-German border. Belgium was neutral and its neutrality was protected by treaty with Great Britain. The Germans had attacked on August 3rd. The next day, Great Britain declared war on Germany. -
Russian Revolution
This had been one of the most explosive political events in the twentieth century. This revolution had marked the Romanov dynasty and centuries of imperial rule. -
Treaty of Versailles ends WW1
World War 1 had taken millions of lives. In 1919, Germany and the Allied Nations had signed the Treaty of Versailles, formally ending the war. -
Great Depression begins
The Great Depression had began in the United States as a regular recession in the summer of 1929. The downside became remotely worse, however, in late 1929 and continued until early 1933. Real output and prices fell drastically.. -
Italy invades Ethiopia
In the late 19th century, Italy developed the ambition to establish an African empire. Its first attempt had ended in a disaster when the Ethiopians defeated the Italian army at the Battle of Adawa. The Italians were forced to settle for Eritrea and Ethiopian Somalia. -
Germany invades Poland
In 1939, German forces dressed up as Poles and had seized the German radio station in Upper Silesia, they had been thinking of an excuse to invade Poland. The next day, German forces began their invasion of Poland. -
Potsdam Conference
This was a meeting between Stalin and Truman. This meeting had said that Communism and Capitalism can not coexist. -
Sputnik launched
Sputnik had been the world's first artificial satellite. Sputnik was able to transmit radio signals back to Earth, which were strong enough to be picked up by amateur radio operators. -
Berlin Wall built
The East German authorities had began building a wall. They were trying to cut off all access to the West. -
Second Vatican Council
It was the 21st ecumenical council of the Roman Catholic Church. The Council had met in St. Peters Basilica in Rome for four periods . -
Collapse of Berlin Wall
The fall of the Wall had made a pivotal event in world history. This had also marked the falling of the Iron Curtain.