Scientific Revolution Timeline

Ptolemy is a mathematician and geographer. Most of his life was learned from his writings after his death. Ptolemy came up with geocentric model, which means the Earth is in the center of the universe and everything else revolved around it. This is a change in the way people think because before this theory no one knew earth's placement in the universe, This was also the most believable theory since everything looks like it is revolving around the earth from their perspective.

Aristotle was the first one to come up with many of today's mathematics, chemistry, and physics. Aristotle had a school called the lyceum. In this time period, schools didn't have a standard teaching curriculum, so they taught what the owner believed. This is how Aristotle's teaching spread across the world. He had many influences on today such as his teachings are taught in schools, and his writings were the re-written and used in places around the world.

Vesalius studied the human body, anatomy and influenced modern biology. He also described the human anatomy. Vesalius' findings were a change in thinking because previous medicine worked, but weren't reliable. Also, all of his discoveries are what influence today's biology and medicine.

Copernicus came up with the heliocentric theory. This theory stated that the earth was not the center of the Universe. It was just another planet revolving around the sun. This was a change in the way people thought since everyone believed Ptolemy's idea. Including the church which was he government at the time. This was also a Challenge because it went against what the Church told people. This is significant because this theory is what is what we believe today. Copernicus changed our thinking.

Francis Bacon was lived at the same time as Descartes, but not near Descartes. Bacon believed that Scientific theories could be developed using observation. This could be a challenge against Descartes' idea since he thought that you need concrete proof for our idea. Observations are evidence, bu not as reliable. This idea influenced the future in meteorology. In Meteorology, meteorologists use patters of the weather(observatoins) to predist the weather throughout the say and throughout the week.

Johannes Kepler was a mathematician who used math, models, and observations to prove the heliocentric theory. Through this he came up with 3 laws: the planets moved in oval paths, the amount of time that a planet takes is proportional to its path, and the harmonic law. This is a change in people's thinking because at the time, there wasn't a solid explanation about the path that the planets took. This would influence the future because Galileo's findings would prove these theories correct.

Robert Boyle pioneered the modern study of chemistry. One of his major discoveries was of the element: Oxygen. This was revolutionary because scientists following him found out that oxygen is what we depend on for air to survive. Without this discovery, we would not know that Oxygen was or what we were breathing all the time. It was also a change in thinking because before this discovery, no one know what it we were breathing to keep us alive.

Galileo is well known for building a telescope to study the night sky. He observed the moon's surface and found out that there were mountains and valleys on the surface. He saw the rings of Saturn and the moons of Jupiter. Seeing that the moons revolved around Jupiter, he concluded that the Moon went around the Earth similarly. This was a new idea. These findings would confirm the findings of Kepler. Kepler thought that the moon went around the sun, and Galileo now has evidence to show that.

Leeuwenhoek improved the microscope and found animal cells. He used this modified microscope and discovered bacteria. This changed medicine practice because now medicine try to kill bacteria, which is the causes sickness. This was a change in the way people used the microscope since now they could see smaller things.

René Descartes was a French mathematician, scientist, and philosopher. One of the philosophies that Descartes stated was that an idea had to have reasoning that supported it o well, that it cannot be contradicted. Then this idea would be true. This idea influences all research coming after because people didn't want to believe something just because they want to. People want the real reasoning. Also, he studied optics. This would change we make telescopes, glasses/ contacts, and cameras today.

Similar to Vesalius, William Harvey studied the human body. However, Harvey discovered a different part of the human body He studied the circulation of blood in the human body. He described how the blood went through the arteries and veins. In addition, he concluded that the heart was the source of blood. These were new ideas to the public since before, people didn't know how the blood worked in the body. In the future, this would influence biology and medications.

Newton made the 3 laws of motion, discovered phenomenon of light, and gravity. These had a major influence on modern science. For example, Gravity is known to everybody now whereas before, no one knew what it was. This was a change in thinking for everyone in the earth. The explanation of light is another change in the way people think since we didn't have a explanation for how it worked. Finally, the 3 laws on motion was a revolution because it is taught to everyone in school/home everywhere

Liebnitz is am mathematician who help Newton develop Calculus. They each made mathematical ideas that were independent. He created integral and differential calculus. Using these, he explained motion and extension. These ideas were a change in the way people thought about mathematics since they were new ideas These would influence the future because calculus would be used in engineering and would be taught in schools.

Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier expanded on the discovery of Oxygen. He concluded that fire happens when an object is combined with oxygen rapidly. This is a change in thinking because before, people refereed to fire as an element. But now we know that it is a chemical reaction. Furthermore, Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier came up with the idea that matter cannot be created nor destroyed. This is known as the conservation of matter. It is one of the most important principals in chemistry.

Joseph Priestley was an English chemist. He is mos famous for naming Oxygen. Boyle discovered oxygen, but it didn't get a name until Priestley named it. This was a change in thinking because people now have a name to call this element. It influences the future because we still call oxygen, oxygen. It is used to explain chemical structures of liquid/gas/solid.